scholarly journals A Study on the Long-Term Investment Strategies of Social Overhead Capital

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (0) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Hyuck Chang Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Poor Management ◽  
Social Overhead Capital

Social overhead capital (SOC) is the basic requisite of national economic activities, which is directly related to competitive power in industry and to the quality of people's living. The improper investment and poor management system concerning SOC during past years caused the lack of SOC facilities in many areas. Furthermore, expected future environment such as: an abrupt increase in SOC demand, a limitation of natural resources, the change of both political and economical situation in and outside the country, the change of the consumers' behavior, the rapid rise of land value will make SOC problems even more difficult. Therefore it is right time to study the long-term investment strategies of SOC for coming 21st century that may provide SOC systematically and efficiently.

scholarly journals A New Insight of the Existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Andryan Setyadharma ◽  
Shanty Oktavilia ◽  
Yayu Tika Atmadani ◽  
Indah Fajarini Sri Wahyuningrum
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag

Natural resources play as vital inputs for economic activities, mainly in developing countries. However, massive use of natural resources puts more pressure on the environment and as the result, the quality of environment is deteriorating. The body of economic literature have shown that income is associated with harm to the natural environment. The relationship between income and degradation of the environment is known as the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Previous studies of EKC hypothesis in Indonesia are still limited and the results are inconclusive due to different results. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present a new insight of the existence of EKC in Indonesia using different method. Most of previous studies of EKC in Indonesia employ Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method, while this study uses data panel regression method from 33 provinces in Indonesia during 2012 to 2018. The result confirms the existence of EKC hypothesis in Indonesia. This study also estimates the turning point, a level of income that starts give positive impact on the environment. This result gives new insight to the existing literature. The policy implication for policymakers are straightforward, i.e. improve wealth of the society through higher income for the protection of the environment.

scholarly journals Identification of strategies for enhancing member commitment in Greek agricultural cooperatives: The opinion of cooperative experts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e3777
Author(s):  
Tilemachos Manousakis ◽  
Panagiota Sergaki ◽  
Gert Van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Member Commitment ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Poor Management

In the era of globalization, where competition is growing intensively, the cooperation between small scale farmers can assist them to be sustainable and survive. However, the situation with cooperatives in Greece is found to be on a downward trend due to their poor economic performance, which is later expressed by the diminished commitment of their members. In order to address the described problem we employed a qualitative study consisted of 10 guided interviewees with “cooperative experts”. Through the interviews the participants were asked to clarify their opinions on two major themes: 1) Common Greek cooperative issues, and 2) Suggestions on strategies employed by cooperatives to enhance members’ commitment. Through our analysis we identified the issues related to the poor management of the cooperatives of the past as the major problems of cooperative in Greece. Regarding the strategies for enhancing commitment of members, the majority of participants highlighted the importance of improving the communication and quality of information provided by the coop to its members for building strong bond of trust and ultimately enhancing their commitment. Although, the improvement of communication takes time and requires consistent effort. Hence, cooperatives may act on employing the appropriate experts in order to improve their process of production and marketing. Strengthening the levels of expertise in the economic activities of the cooperative may assist on the satisfaction of members and enhance their commitment to the coop.

scholarly journals A Reviuw: Sustainable Livestock Development in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laode Muh. Munadi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Agricultural Industries ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Sustainable Productivity ◽  
Livestock Development

The population of Indonesia in 2021 is about 273 million people. The increasing population is followed by an increase in food needs, including animal food. The area of land as a base of food production does not increase, even tends to decrease due to conversion, abrasion, and submerged seawater as a result of global warming and climate change, as well as the declining quality of natural resources. Animal protein consumption in Indonesia is very low and is expected to increase sharply as the income of the population continues to increase. Anticipating this, it is necessary to prepare a medium- and long-term farm development strategy in a sustainable manner by utilizing the availability of local resources. Exploring the genetic resources of livestock that are efficient in the use of feed, should also be able to utilize feed materials in the form of crop byproducts and agricultural industries. This policy should be supported by technological innovation and sustainable productivity and livestock production. Can save natural resources while reducing greenhouse gas emissions in order to realize the concept of green economy.

scholarly journals Radiological protection challenges facing business activities affected by a nuclear accident: some lessons from the management of the accident at the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schneider ◽  
J. Lochard ◽  
M. Maître ◽  
N. Ban ◽  
P. Croüail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Radiological Monitoring ◽  
Fukushima Daiichi

Lessons from the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power plant accident emphasize the difficulties for restoring the socio-economic activities in the affected areas. Among them, a series of radioligical protection challenges were noted, in particular concerning the protection of employees, the securing of the production and the guarantee provided to consumers of the radiological monitoring of products to restore their confidence. Based on case studies reporting the experience of employers deploying their activities in affected areas, an analysis of these radiological protection challenges has been performed. Characterizing the radiological situation was not always straightforward for the managers. With the help of radiological protection experts, protective actions have been identified and specific efforts have been devoted to provide information to employees and their families helping them to make their own judgement about the radiological situation. Respecting the decisions of employees and developing a radiological protection culture among them have proved to be efficient for restoring the business activities. Continuing or restoring the production not always manageable. It requires to develop dedicated radiological monitoring processes to ensure the radiological protection of workers and the quality of the production. Re-establishing the link with the consumers and organising the vigilance on the long-term were necessary for companies to maintain their production or develop new ones. Deploying a socio-economic programme for ensuring the community resilience in affected areas requires the adoption of governance mechanisms respecting ethical values to ensure the overall objective of protecting people and the environment against the risks of ionizing radiation and contributing to provide decent living and working conditions to the affected communities. It is of primary importance to rely on the involvement of local communities in the elaboration and deployment of the socio-economic activities with due considerations for ensuring the integrity of the communities, and respecting their choices.

Developing Border Gate Economic Zones: Current Situations and Proposed Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Tuan Hung
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Zone Development ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Economic Zones

The establishment and development of border gate economic zones (KTCK) is not only an important driving force for border gate and local economic development in the border areas but also contributes to the national economic development. From the point of view, development of the border gate economic zone does not mean a rapid increase in the number of economic zones, but the development and improvement of the quality of economic activities in the border gate economic zones. This paper analyzes the conditions and content of the border gate economic zone development, as well as showing the models of border gate economic zone that can be applied , thereby, suggesting solutions to promote the development and improvement of economic activities of Vietnam's border gate economic zones in the coming time. Keywords Border gate economic zone, operational contents, border gate economic zone model  

Cyber Physical direction of irrigated agriculture development 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Zeyliger ◽  
Olga Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

<p>Until recently, new technologies introduced into irrigated agriculture were mainly aimed at developing one or several related control actions. However, the needs of society to increase the volume and improve the quality of agricultural products have led to significant qualitative changes in irrigated agriculture. The various robotic systems used for this have proven their effectiveness in the mechanization and automation of the irrigation process, as well as in the application of chemical fertilizers and chemical protection of agricultural crops from diseases and pests. This resulted in higher yields while lowering production costs.Nowadays, biotechnologies currently being developed and being introduced into irrigated agriculture, as well as systems for controlling and monitoring environmental impacts, are aimed at solving problems related to further increasing the efficiency of the use of natural resources, while minimizing the risks of negative impact on components and services of the environment.This is largely due to the impact of the rapid development of IC and sensor technologies aimed at creating production management systems based on the cyber-physical systems (CPS) paradigm. For this, there are using a holistic vision of the structure and cybernetic methods of management, artificial intelligence technologies, as well as digital platforms for integrating information flows between sub-subsystems of management, control, monitoring and decision support.In this context, the main difference between developed agricultural CPSs from the existing industrial agricultural systems focused on current economic efficiency lies in the plane of making agricultural production sustainable in the long term based on a balance between economic efficiency and the quality of natural resources used and services of the environment. From this point of view, irrigated agriculture focuses on the efficient use of natural resources, which are water, soil and air, as well as renewable and non-renewable (fossil) energy. At the same time, weather are considered as the impact of the external environment providing an irreplaceable source of water, heat and energy resources but with stochastic characteristics that are difficult to formalize. In connection with this diversity, a CPSs are built taking into account a complex compromise that takes into account many aspects of the negative impact of intensive agricultural production technologies on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of these resources, not only in the place of their use, but also on the external environment beyond these limits. In this regard, water resources are one of the most important factors necessary, on the one hand, to impart long-term sustainability to irrigated agriculture, and on the one hand, as a factor that can lead in the near future to a significant decrease in fertility, as well as to a negative impact on the environmental services of the surrounding area. This contribution discusses some points of the development of an agricultural irrigation CPS’ subsystem aimed to monitor the soil moisture content at the root zone of the soil cover at the scale of irrigated agricultural crops and their relationship with industrial sprinkling technologies.Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-29-05261 mk</p>

Thinking Like a River

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Worster
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Natural Cycle ◽  
Soil Resource ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Poor Management

When we drive by a modern farm, we still expect to see green plants sprouting from the earth, bearing the promise of food or cooking oil or a cotton shirt. Pulling up one of those plants, we are still prepared to find dirt clinging to its roots. Even in this age of high-tech euphoria, agriculture remains essentially a matter of plants growing in the soil. But another element besides soil has always been a part of the farmer’s life-water. Farming is not only growing crops on a piece of land, it is also growing crops in water. I don’t mean a hydroponics lab. I mean that the farmer and his plants inescapably are participants in the natural cycle of water on this planet. Water is a more volatile, uncertain element than soil in the agricultural equation. Soil naturally stays there on the farm, unless poor management intervenes, whereas water is by nature forever on the move, falling from the clouds, soaking down to roots, running off in streams to the sea. We must farm rivers and the flow of water as well as fields and pastures if we are to continue to thrive. But it has never been easy to extract a living from something so mobile and elusive, so relentless and yet so vulnerable as water. If there is to be a long-term, sustainable agriculture in the United States or elsewhere, farmers must think and act in accord with the flow of water over, under, through, and beyond their farms. Preserving the fertility of the soil resource is critical to sustaining it, of course, but not more so than maintaining the quality of water. In many ways, the two ideals are one. And their failure is one, as when rain erodes the topsoil and creeks and rivers suffer. But there are differences between those two resources, differences we must understand and respect. Unlike soil, water cannot be “built.” It can be lost to the farmer, or it can be diverted, polluted, misused, or over-appropriated, but it can never be deepened or enhanced as soil can be.

scholarly journals Sticky Stock Market Analysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Filiz ◽  
Jan René Judek ◽  
Marco Lorenz ◽  
Markus Spiwoks
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Stock Market Index ◽  
Market Index ◽  
German Stock ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
German Stock Market ◽  
Better Than

Technological progress in recent years has made new methods available for making forecasts in a variety of areas. We examine the success of ex-ante stock market forecasts of three major stock market indices, i.e., the German Stock Market Index (DAX), the Dow Jones Industrial Index (DJI), and the Euro Stoxx 50 (SX5E). We test whether the forecasts prove true when they reach their effective dates and are therefore suitable for active investment strategies. We revive the thoughts of the American sociologist William Fielding Ogburn, who argues that forecasters consistently underestimate the variability of the future. In addition, we draw on some contemporary measures of forecast quality (prediction-realization diagram, test of unbiasedness, and Diebold–Mariano test). We reveal that (a) unusual events are underrepresented in the forecasts, (b) the dispersion of the forecasts lags behind that of the actual events, (c) the slope of the regression lines in the prediction-realization diagram is <1, (d) the forecasts are highly biased, and (e) the quality of the forecasts is not significantly better than that of naïve forecasts. The overall behavior of the forecasters can be described as “sticky” because their forecasts adhere too strongly to long-term trends in the indices and are thus characterized by conservatism.

scholarly journals The Attitudes of Rural Residents Toward the Expansion of Natural Resource Based Economic Activities: A Comparison Between Recent In-migrants and Long-time Residents

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Stout-Wiegand ◽  
Steven D. Bulman ◽  
Dennis K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural County ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Long Time

Rural residents, particularly recent in-migrants, are often characterized by preferences for a tranquil rural lifestyle based on the attributes of an open countryside. A survey of residents of an isolated rural county in West Virginia was conducted to explore the proposition that recent rural in-migrants are more opposed to the growth of natural resource based activities which are detrimental to the rural countryside than are long-term residents of the County. The hypothesis was not supported, as both recent in-migrants and long-time residents strongly favored economic development of the County's natural resources over preservation of the natural countryside.

scholarly journals FAKTOR PENENTU PARTISIPASI SEKOLAH ANAK PADA RUMAH TANGGA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Diyang Gita Cendekia
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
School Participation ◽  
Agricultural Households ◽  
Household Heads

The opportunity of demographic dividend is the biggest motivation in improving the quality of the population. As one of the components of the population quality, education is also a long-term investment. Economic activities in Indonesia depends on the agricultural sector. This study aims to determine the determinants of children's school participation in agricultural households. Using the 2018 National Social and Economic Survey data, the results of binary logistic regression analysis show that economic activity has the most significant contribution to determine children's school participation in agricultural households. Children in agricultural households who are not involved in economic activities tend to attend school. Other important factors in determining children's school participation in agricultural households are government assistance, the age of household heads (KRT), education of KRT, employment status of KRT, number of household members, residence area, and socio-economic status. Increasing the determinants of school participation is expected to help the population adapt to the technology-based modern agricultural sector and achieve prosperity in agricultural households.

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