scholarly journals Morphological and Morphometric Analysis of Mental Foramen in Dry, Human Mandibles of South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Mangala S ◽  
Shruthi B N
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
South India ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Common Position ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Morphological Variants

Background: Mental foramen is a key factor in many of the surgical as well as clinical procedures in routine clinical practice. The variations of mental foramen with respect to position, size and number does significantly alter the clinical implications of various intraoral treatments. In this light, the present study on the position and morphological variants of mental foramen holds significance. Aims and Objectives: To study morphological and morphometric analysis of mental foramen in dry human mandibles of South India Materials and Methods: 50 dried adult Human mandibles of unknown sex with complete dentition and intact alveolar margin were studied The morphometric analysis was done using vernier calipers Results: In the present study, the most common position of mental foramen was of type 4 (in line with the 2nd premolar) 62% cases on Right and 66% cases on Left side The next common position was Type 3(Between the premolars) 24% cases on Right side and 18% cases on the left side The mean distance between Symphysis menti and anterior margin of mental foramen was 23.4mm and 23.2mm on Right and left side respectively and the mean distance between posterior margin of mental foramen and posterior border of ramus was 62.2 mm and 61.5 mm on Right and left sides respectively Conclusion: The present study has thrown light on the common position and morphometric variations of mental foramen in a given South Indian population. This information will be valuable to the dental surgeons for localization of Neurovascular bundle emerging through mental foramen and for delivering local anesthesia effectively for placement of dentures/implants and other invasive procedures Keywords: Mental foramen, Human mandible, Morphology, Morphometry.

scholarly journals Nummular headache: Clinico-epidemiological features in South Indian population

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
pp. 532-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rammohan ◽  
Shyma M. Mundayadan ◽  
Robert Mathew
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Nummular Headache ◽  
Head Pain ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Context: Nummular headache (NH) is a primary disorder characterized by head pain exclusively felt in a small-rounded area typically 2–6 cm in diameter. Aims: The aim of this review is to study the clinical and epidemiological features of NH in a patient population of South India and to compare this with that of described in the international literature. Settings and Design: A prospective, observational study conducted in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: Patients attending the medicine and neurology outpatient departments of a tertiary referral hospital in South India diagnosed to have NH as per the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 beta (2013) criteria were studied over 30 months. All of the patients had a normal neurological examination. Neuroimaging findings were normal, except in one patient. Results: A total of 19 females and 10 males were studied. The mean age of onset was 47.62 years (range 36–60). The duration of headache varied from a minimum of 3 months to a maximum of 5 years, with a mean of 24.17 months. The site of headache was predominantly in the parietal area 15 (51.72%), followed by the occipital area 7 (24.13%). The mean diameter of the affected area was 3.23 cm. The intensity of the headache proved to be mild to moderate with a mean visual analog scale score of 5.03. The quality of pain was mainly felt as burning dysesthesia 12 (41.38%). In the majority of patients, i.e. 21 (72.41%), pain was chronic and continuous. None of the patients had any significant trophic change even though paresthesias, dysesthesias, and allodynia were reported by a significant minority of patients, i.e. 9 (31.03%). Only one (3.45%) patient gave a history of head injury. Ten (34.48%) out of 29 patients had other types of concurrent headaches; the majority of which proved to be migrainous, i.e. 7 (24.14%), 2 patients (6.89%) with tension headache, and 1 patient (3.45%) with trigeminal neuralgia. Conclusion: Our study proves the existence of the newly described primary headache syndrome called NH in South Indian population. In comparing our results with the international literature, the number of similarities is much greater than the differences. The etiology of pain in our series appeared to be primarily peripheral with a role for central pain sensitization in some cases due to a variety of concurrent central causes of head pain.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Skeletal Craniofacial Asymmetry in South Indian Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Anil Kumar ◽  
Saibel Farishta ◽  
G Baiju ◽  
VK Taneja ◽  
RC Minocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
South India ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Base Area ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Face

ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to assess the skeletal craniofacial asymmetry in South Indian population by a posteroanterior cephalometric radiographic method. The skeletal craniofacial structures on one side of the face were compared with that of the other, by drawing various triangles representing different craniofacial regions. The sample consisted of 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) aged between 18 to 25 years, who were mainly dental college students from South India. Overall 52 X-rays were obtained, with four errors each in the male and the female groups. The results revealed that the total facial structures in the South Indian population were larger on the left side (statistically insignificant). The cranial base area exhibited a greater degree of asymmetry than any other component area of the face, which might be due to the inaccuracy at the condylar point. How to cite this article Taneja VK, Kumar GA, Farishta S, Minocha RC, Baiju G, Gopal D. An Assessment of Skeletal Craniofacial Asymmetry in South Indian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(1):80-84.

Determinants of TB Incidence in South Indian Population: Chengalpattu BCG Trial Revisited, South India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Kumar Papanna ◽  
Basilea Watson ◽  
Radhamani MP ◽  
Soumya S. Swaminathan ◽  
Manjula Datta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
South Indian

scholarly journals A comparative study of serum adiponectin levels in patients of acute coronary syndrome with and without central obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Shashank R. Tiwari ◽  
Lokesh S. ◽  
Arunprasath P. ◽  
Arun Kumar R.
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Background: Coronary artery disease burden has been on a rise globally with it emerging as the principle cause of death even in the Indian subcontinent. Serum adiponectin has recently gained interest due to its close relation with atherosclerotic CAD and Metabolic syndrome. The levels of serum adiponectin are reduced in ACS. There is a paucity of studies in South Indian population comparing the effect of central obesity in patient with ACS. The aim of the present endeavour was to study the association of serum adiponectin in risk evaluation of patient with acute coronary syndrome with and without central obesityMethods: The study was conducted in a tertiary center in patient who presented with first time ACS they were grouped into two groups based on the presence and absence of central obesity. Central obesity was defined on the basis of waist to hip ratio. Serum adiponectin levels were estimated in both the groups using ELISA method. The results were statistically analyzed using t- test.Results: Authors concluded that the mean age of patients presenting first time with ACS was 55±12years in both the group. There was a significantly raised LDL and Total Cholesterol (TC) level in patient with central obesity. The estimated serum adiponectin level was reduced in both the group with more significant reduction in group with central obesity. The mean adiponectin level in CAD patients with central obesity was 2.326±1.437µg/ml as compared to 3.486±1.6999μg/ml in patients without central obesity, which was statistically significant (p value <0.0049).Conclusions: Authors concluded that serum adiponectin levels were reduced in both the group with ACS with a further reduction in patient with central obesity. It was also observed that there was a significant relation between adiponectin level and visceral fat as compared to superficial fat, as adiponectin was significantly reduced in patient higher waist-hip ratio.

scholarly journals Comorbidities and related factors in rheumatoid arthritis patients of south India- Karnataka Rheumatoid Arthritis Comorbidity (KRAC) study

Reumatismo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chandrashekara ◽  
V. Shobha ◽  
B.G. Dharmanand ◽  
R. Jois ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
South India ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Clinical Research Associates ◽  
Multi Center Study

The aim was to study the prevalence of comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in everyday clinical practice and their association with disease-specific and demographic factors. The multi-center study recruited 3,247 (at 14 centers, and 265) were excluded due to incomplete data. The number of subjects considered for the analysis was 2982. The mean (±standard deviation) age was 48.98±12.64 years and the male-to-female ratio was 1:5. The data was collected based on a pre-structured pro forma by trained clinical research associates through interview and verification of charts and reports available in the patient records. The following comorbidities were studied: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, thyroid disease, psychiatric diseases like depression, and pulmonary disease. Hypertension (20.7%), diabetes mellitus (14.4%) and thyroid disease (18.3%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Hypercholesterolemia (5.3%), pulmonary diseases (2.1%), cardiovascular diseases (0.2%) and depression (0.03%) were prevalent in ≤5% of the study population. The overall presence of comorbidity increased with age and reduced with the duration of illness prior (DOIP). The age, gender, and DOIP differed significantly between groups with and without hypercholesterolemia. Females had a statistically increased prevalence of thyroid disease. The prevalence of comorbidities in RA patients from south India is around 40% and the incidence of comorbidity increased with age. As per the literature evidence, the prevalence in the current study subjects was higher when compared to prevalence of similar diseases occurring in the general south Indian population.

scholarly journals Dietary profile of urban adult population in South India in the context of chronic disease epidemiology (CURES – 68)

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesan Radhika ◽  
Rangaswamy M Sathya ◽  
Anbazhagan Ganesan ◽  
Raghavan Saroja ◽  
Parthasarathy Vijayalakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
South India ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Population Based ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Indian

AbstractObjectiveFew dietary surveys have been done with reference to chronic diseases, such as diabetes, in India, which is considered to be the diabetes capital of the world. We report on the dietary intake of urban adults living in Chennai, South India.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.SettingA representative population of urban Chennai in southern India.SubjectsThe study population comprised 2042 individuals aged ≥20 years selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was measured using a validated and previously published interviewer-administered semi-quantitative meal-based FFQ.ResultsThe mean daily energy intake was 10 393 (sd 2347) kJ (male: 10953 (sd 2364) kJ v. female: 9832 (sd 233) kJ). Carbohydrates were the major source of energy (64 %), followed by fat (24 %) and protein (12 %). Refined cereals contributed to the bulk of the energy (45·8 %), followed by visible fats and oils (12·4 %) and pulses and legumes (7·8 %). However, energy supply from sugar and sweetened beverages was within the recommended levels. Intake of micronutrient-rich foods, such as fruit and vegetable consumption (265 g/d), and fish and seafoods (20 g/d), was far below the FAO/WHO recommendation. Dairy and meat products intake was within the national recommended intake.ConclusionsThe diet of this urban South Indian population consists mainly of refined cereals with low intake of fish, fruit and vegetables, and all of these could possibly contribute to the risk of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes in this population.

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