Morphometrical Analysis of Dry Adult Human Hip Bones by Coxal Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
Meril Ann Soman ◽  
Rani Nallathamby
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Bone Morphometry ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Morphometrical Analysis ◽  
Keywords Hip ◽  
Length Width ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Specimen Identification

Background: The hip bone is one of the most useful skeletal elements in adult skeleton for sex determination. Hip bone may be used even when fragmentary for both medico legal and archaeological purposes. The aim of the present study is to measure few morphometric parameters of various hip bones and to assess these values both side wise and gender wise. Method: The present study was conducted in department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore. 100 adult dry human hip bones were included in the study, of which 50 were male and 50 were female hip bones. 50 bones belonged to right side and 50 to left side. The morphometrical parameters measured were length, width and weight of the hip bones. Coxal index was also calculated. Result: Range, mean, median, standard deviation and standard error of mean were determined for each parameter. Conclusions were drawn after comparing the values with series of other workers. Conclusion: The values were slightly higher on the left side compared to the bones of the right side and also the values were more in male bones compared to female bones. The study would help the forensic experts and the anthropologists in specimen identification and sex determination from skeletal remains. It would also be valuable for the anatomists and the orthopedicians in their respective fields. Keywords: Hip bone, morphometry, coxal index, sexual dimorphism, hip bone weight.

scholarly journals Significance of Rouviere’s Sulcus in Hepatobiliary Surgery: A Cadaveric study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 8074-8078
Author(s):  
Pallavi Bajpayee ◽  
◽  
Neelesh Kanaskar ◽  
P Vatsalaswamy ◽  
PR Manivikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Hepatobiliary Surgery ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hepatic Pedicle ◽  
Hepatic Vessels ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
The Right

Background: Rouviere’s sulcus (RS) was first identified in 1924 by Henri Rouviere. It lies oblique to the anterior and inferior border of the liver and holds the right portal pedicle. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy of a Medical College in Maharashtra, India, on 45 cadaveric livers. The morphological observations made were: presence/ absence RS; direction of RS (oblique/ horizontal/ vertical); sulcus type ( deep/ slit/ scar); length, width and depth; presence of right hepatic pedicle; distance of the hepatic vessels from edge of the sulcus . Results: 40 livers showed the presence of Rouviere’s Sulcus. It was absent in five specimens. Direction was horizontal in 40%, oblique in 57.5% and vertical in 2.5% .26 livers showed a deep type of sulcus, 12 showed the slit type and 2 showed scar type .29 livers showed the right hepatic pedicle entering the RS. Average length, depth, of the RS was 2.35 cm and1.07 cm respectively. The average width was 0.32cm at medial end, 0.22cm at midpoint and 0.1cm at lateral end. Present study has added the details of depth of vessels from the edge of RS, which was not recorded in earlier studies. Depth of vessels from the edge of the sulcus was average 5mm (0.5cm) for the right branch of the hepatic artery and was 12mm (1.2cm) for the right branch of portal vein. Conclusion: Rouviere’s sulcus is a reference landmark for surgeons during laparoscopic surgeries on gall bladder and during hepatic resection to avoid injuries. This study wishes to provide detailed morphological data of the Rouviere’s Sulcus to hepatobiliary surgeons including depth of hepatic vessels in the RS as an added parameter to aid them in their surgical endeavor. KEY WORDS: Rouviere’s sulcus, Anatomical Landmark, Morphology, Depth, Hepatobiliary Surgery.

Relationships Between the Gonial Angle and Mandibular Ramus Morphology in Dentate Subjects: A Panoramic Radiophotometric Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ogawa ◽  
Shigeo Osato ◽  
Yuichi Shishido ◽  
Michio Okada. DDS ◽  
Kimiharu Misaki
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Analysis of dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) is an indispensable diagnostic tool for dental implants both pre and post operation. Many studies on linear and angular morphometry of the mandibular body have been conducted, but those on the mandibular ramus have not yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the morphometric parameters of the mandibular ramus between high and low gonial angles (GAs) on DPRs as well as between genders, and to determine the relationships between GA and variables of the mandibular ramus morphometry. The DPRs of 156 dentate subjects (78 for each gender) with more than 15 teeth present, a mean age of 49.54 years, and a mean number of teeth of 26.20 were examined. The films were divided into the following 2 groups of GA: less than 120° (low gonial angle, LGA) and more than 125° (high gonial angle, HGA) in both the right and left sides. The parameters for Ar′-Go, MaF-Go, RW, and RD in the LGA group were significantly larger than those in the HGA group in both men and women, but that for the ramus angle (RA) was significantly smaller in the LGA group than in the HGA group. Significant gender differences in the 2 GA groups were recognized with respect to the Ar′-Go, MaF-Go, RW, and RD parameters. Significant negative low and moderate correlations were found between GA and the Ar′-Go, MaF-Go, RW, and RD variables, whereas significant positive low correlation was found between GA and the RA variable. Within the limits of this study, the analysis of the mandibular ramus morphometry on DPRs in terms of GA size and gender was found to be useful for devising a highly predictive and strategic plan for implant-supported oral rehabilitation.

Lichtenstein Versus Desarda’s Technique of Hernia Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Md Fardhus ◽  
AMSM Sharfuzzaman ◽  
Md Nayeem Dewan ◽  
Md Abul Hossain ◽  
Ahmed Sami Al Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Mesh Repair ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Seroma Formation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serous Fluid ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Gender

Aim: To compare Desarda’s versus Lichtenstein’s mesh repair in patients with unilateral, primary, reducible inguinal hernia in terms of mean operative time and seroma formation Methods: This randomized control trial conducted at Department of Surgery, Patuakhali Medical College & Hospital, Patuakhali. Eighty patients with unilateral, primary, reducible inguinal hernia were randomly distributed into two groups to undergo hernia repair i.e. Lichtenstein (L) and Desarda’s (D). Outcome was measured in terms of mean operative time and seroma formation. Seroma formation was defined as presence of enclosed cavity containing serous fluid determined by ultrasonography at 30th post-operative day. Results: Thirty three patients (41.25%) were above 50 years of age, whereas remaining 47 patients (58.75%) were below 50 years of age. Five patients (6.25%) were female and 75 patients(93.75%) were male. Seroma formation was 5% in Desarda’s group while 7.5% in Lichtenstein group (P> 0.05). Similarly difference in mean operative time was statistically non-significant. Seroma formation was common in older age group. There was no effect of smoking, obesity, operative time and gender on seroma formation. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is no difference in frequency of seroma formation and mean operative time in Desarda’s or Lichtenstein’s technique of hernia repair. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 99-103

Biomechanical characteristics of allogeneic cortical bone pins designed for fracture fixation

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
M. R. Edwards ◽  
S. P. James ◽  
W. S. Dernell ◽  
R. J. Scott ◽  
A. M. Bachand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Fracture Fixation ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Left Tibia ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Better Than

SummaryThe biomechanical characteristics of 1.2 mm diameter allogeneic cortical bone pins harvested from the canine tibia were evaluated and compared to 1.1 mm diameter stainless steel pins and 1.3 mm diameter polydioxanone (PDS) pins using impact testing and four-point bending. The biomechanical performance of allogeneic cortical bone pins using impact testing was uniform with no significant differences between sites, side, and gender. In four-point bending, cortical bone pins harvested from the left tibia (204.8 ± 77.4 N/mm) were significantly stiffer than the right tibia (123.7 ± 54.4 N/mm, P=0.0001). The site of bone pin harvest also had a significant effect on stiffness, but this was dependent on interactions with gender and side. Site C in male dogs had the highest mean stiffness in the left tibia (224.4 ± 40.4 N/mm), but lowest stiffness in the right tibia (84.9 ± 24.2 N/mm). Site A in female dogs had the highest mean stiffness in the left tibia (344.9 ± 117.4 N/mm), but lowest stiffness in the right tibia (60.8 ± 3.7 N/mm). The raw and adjusted bending properties of 1.2 mm cortical bone pins were significantly better than 1.3 mm PDS pins, but significantly worse than 1.1 mm stainless steel pins (P<0.0001). In conclusion, cortical bone pins may be suitable as an implant for fracture fixation based on initial biomechanical comparison to stainless steel and PDS pins used in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Pulmonary hydatidosis genotypes isolates from human clinical surgery based on sequencing of mitochondrial genes in Fars, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parviz Mardani ◽  
Ali Talebi Ezabadi ◽  
Bahareh Sedaghat ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Cox1 Gene ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst

Abstract Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE)/hydatidosis is an important neglected parasitic zoonotic disease caused by the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. The present study was designed to identify the pulmonary CE species/genotypes in isolated human underwent to surgery in our center in Southern Iran. Methods The study population of this study were all patients in Fars province who were admitted to Namazi Hospitals for pulmonary hydatid cyst surgery. Thoracic surgery was performed in the thoracic ward and the cyst/s was removed by open surgery via posterolateral or lateral thoracotomy. DNA was extracted from the germinal layer or the protoscoleces. PCR technique was performed using the cytochrome C oxidase subunit1 (cox1) gene, and the products were sequenced. Results A total of 32 pulmonary hydatid cyst samples were collected from 9 (28%) female and 23 (72%) male aged from 4 to 74 years old. A total of 18(56%) cyst/s were in the left lobe and 14 (44%) cysts in the right lobe. Sequence analysis of the cysts showed that 24 samples (75%) were E. granulosus s.s (G1-G3) genotype and 8 (25%) were E. canadensis (G6/G7) genotype. Conclusion E.granulosus s.s genotype was the most prevalent genotype followed by E. canadensis (G6/G7) genotype. There was no significant statistical correlation between cysts’ size, location, genotype strain, and patients’ age and gender.

scholarly journals Gender Determination by Linear Dimension of Permanent Canine: An Odontometric Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
B Sharma ◽  
N Balaji ◽  
MK Sumathi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Linear Dimension ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Racial Background ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Change ◽  
The Individual

Background and objectives: Identification, an aspect of forensic anthropology, is the recognition of an individual based on the physical characteristics unique to the individual. Among the four main attributes i.e. gender, age, stature and ethnic or racial background of an individual’s biological identity, sex determination is usually the first step in the human identification process. Teeth can be used as a means of sex determination as teeth are resistant to post-mortem degradation and survive deliberate, accidental or natural change. This study was carried out with an objective to determine the sexual dimorphism of maxillary and mandibular canine by linear tooth diameter for permanent dentition in Moradabad population. Material and Methods: A total number of 40 subjects (20 Males and 20 Females) were included in this study. After obtaining an informed written consent, alginate impression was taken with help of perforated impression trays and study models were prepared with type IV dental stone. Linear (MD, BL, Crown Height) were taken with digital vernier caliper. Results: It was observed that males’ shows more mean linear crown diameter as compared to females. Also, the mesiodistal and buccolingual measurement shows statistically significant difference for all canines, being higher for males than females. Conclusion: The present study has expressed sexual dimorphism of permanent canine using Student’s test and indicate that linear dimension of maxillary canine can be used for sexual diamorphism with accuracy along with other accepted procedure for sex determination. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11392   Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol. 2 (1): 23-27

scholarly journals Measurement of Anteroposterior diameters of normal brainstem by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
BR Sharma ◽  
M. Bhatta ◽  
N. Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Average Ratio ◽  
Sagittal Diameter ◽  
Anteroposterior Diameter ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
And Gender

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the anteroposterior diameter of brainstem (midbrain, pons and medulla) of normal Nepalese people to establish normal ranges and to correlate the measurement with pa­tient’s age and gender. Method: The study is a cross-sectional prospective study which is per­formed in Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara. The data is collected over the period of 5 months from May 2018 to September 2018. The data of total 103 patients are collected who underwent (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) MRI head. Measurements of sagittal diameter at predefined levels i.e. distance between upper border of pons to midway between superior and inferior colliculi (A) for midbrain, distance between an­terior surface of pons to the floor of fourth ventricle (B) for pons and anteroposterior diameter perpendicular to the long axis of medulla just above the posterior kink at cervicomedullary junction for medulla ob­longata were made and noted. Result: The mean anteroposterior diameter of midbrain, pons and me­dulla oblongata was found to be 1.7048 ± 0.12 cm, 2.27 ± 0.13cm and 1.3 ± 0.088 cm respectively. The average ratio of sagittal diameter of pons to sagittal diameter of midbrain was 1.34 ± 0.099 cm and average ratio of sagittal diameter of pons to medulla oblongata was 1.75 ± 0.123 cm. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant correlation of the sagittal diameter of midbrain, pons and medulla with patient’s gender. The sagittal diameter of brainstem reached maximum at the age 20 and stopped increasing. The sagittal diameter of midbrain and medulla ob­longata decreased slightly after the age of 50 and decreased significant­ly after the age of 70. There was no decrease in the sagittal diameter of pons after age.

scholarly journals Exploring Gender Differences in Support for Rightist Parties: The Role of Party and Gender Ideology

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 80-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie Campbell ◽  
Silvia Erzeel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Populist Radical Right ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

This contribution to the Special Issue on Gender and Conservatism uses expert and election surveys to explore the extent to which the feminist or traditional gender ideology of parties of the right relates to their economic and liberal/authoritarian ideology. We show that although parties of the left generally espouse more feminist ideologies than parties of the right, there are a significant number of rightist parties in Western Europe that combine laissez-faire economic values with liberal feminist ideals. That said, there is more homogeneity among parties of the populist radical right than rightist parties more generally. We find that despite some variation in their gender ideology, parties of the populist radical right overwhelmingly—with the exception of one party in the Netherlands—continue to adopt traditional or antifeminist gender ideologies. In terms of attracting women voters, we find that rightist parties who adopt a feminist gender ideology are able to attract more women voters than other parties of the right. We detect several examples of center-right parties that include feminist elements in their gender ideologies and are able to win over larger proportions of women voters than rightist parties that fail to adopt feminist positions.

Screening for Sickle Cell Disease: A Hospital Based Study in Eastern Odisha, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Jayanti Mishra ◽  
Sanghamitra Pati ◽  
Mohammad Akhtar Hussain ◽  
Niraj Srivastava ◽  
Sindhubala Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Fetal Haemoglobin ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Rbc Indices ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cell Gene

The highest frequency of sickle cell gene in India is reported in Odisha. The present study was taken up to assess the presence of sickle cell disease among febrile patients of a medical college of eastern Odisha. Patients referred from both pediatric and medicine department to the Hematology section of the department of Pathology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack were subjected to measurement of RBC indices, Sickling test, Haemoglobin Electrophoresis and Fetal Haemoglobin Estimation. Out of total 1000 referred patients 76(7.6%) were found to be positive for sickling. Two‐third of sicklingpositive patients had sickle cell trait with electrophoretic AS band. There was a significant association between age and positive sickling (χ2 = 24.357; df = 4, P = <0.0001). No significant association was observed between sickling and gender. Sickle cell positive cases are not uncommon in eastern Odisha. Our study demonstrated sickle cell trait to be more common among screened patients than other forms of sickle cell diseases.

Two Types of Anesthesia and Hemodynamic Changes in Patients Over 60 Years of Age Who Need Artificial Femoral Head Replacement: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqi Ke ◽  
Yuting WANG ◽  
Xukeng GUO ◽  
Ronghua HUANG ◽  
Xiangdong ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Elder Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background:Artificial femoral head replacement is one of the most effective methods for treatment of severe diseases of femoral joint in the elderly. The ideal anesthetic effect is one of the key elements for the success of the operation because it brings fast recovery. However, the multiple comorbidities of the elder patients make them too weak to tolerate the hemodynamic changes after anesthesia. In this case, the most suitable anesthesia method for patients undergoing femoral head replacement surgery is of great significance.Objective:To compare the post-anesthetic hemodynamic changes between combined lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve block(CLPSB) and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia(CSEA) in elderly patients undergoing unilateral artificial femoral head replacement.Methods:We reviewed records of the patients who aged over 60 years old (age 62-103 years) and received unilateral artificial femoral head replacement between January 2015 and December 2020 in the first affiliated hospital of Shantou University Medical College. After adjustment according to the inclusion criteria, 477 patients were included and divided into CLPSB group (n=90) and CSEA group (n=387). The primary outcome was comparison of the hemodynamic changes after anesthesia, including the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). The second outcome was the comparison of the vasopressor used during the surgery.Results:We established three models to compare the two anesthesia methods on hemodynamic changes. Crude model included all variates for analysis, while model I adjusted age and gender. Model II adjusted other comorbidities in addition to model I. All three models exhibit that changes of MAP (∆MAP) after CSEA were higher than that after CLPSB(β= 6.88, 95% CI: 4.33 - 9.42, P < 0.0001), with significant difference, which indicated that CSEA causes higher fluctuation of MAP. Concurrently, the use of vasopressors increased by 137% (OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.24-4.53, P=0.0091) in the CSEA group, which is statistically significant. However, the changes of HR (∆HR) between the CLPSB and CSEA was not significant(β= 0.50, 95% CI: 1.62 - 2.62, P = 0.6427). Conclusions:Both CLPSB and CSEA are ideal anesthesia methods for patients receiving femoral head eplacement, though CLPSB is more suitable for elderly patients with advanced hemodynamic stability.

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