scholarly journals Association between Lipid Profile Components and Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 486-490
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar Chandra ◽  
Anurag Kumar ◽  
Ansuman Dalbehera
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Calculated Risk ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Pro Forma

Objective: The main objective of the study was to evaluate the association between lipid profile components and Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease. Materials and Methods: This was an observational retrospective study done in a tertiary care hospital. A pre designed pro forma were prepared to capture the required data for their clinical records. Before enrolment a verbal consent were taken from all the participants after thoroughly discussed the objective and purpose of the study with them. Records of clinical examination, CT scan brain and other serum investigation reports were noted for further analysis. Results: Total 140 patients whose average mean age was 65.3±9.1 years were participated in this study. Among all the participants 60% were male. Participants were having west circumference of 37.8±5.2 cm. Among the participants 68% were having hypertension, 23% were diagnosed previously with diabetes, 16% having current smoking history and 17% were moderately consuming alcohol. Among the total participants 70 were belongs to study groups and rest 70 were belongs to control groups. PCA was involved in 34%, MCA was involved in 54% and ACA was involved in 12% of cases. Total 19 participants were having hyperlipidemia among which 14 (73.7%) were belongs to IIIb groups, 3 (15.8%) were belongs to IIa group and 2 (10.5%) were belongs to IV group. Among total participants who were diagnosed with having elevated hyperlipidemia, 7 were male and 12 were female. Conclusion: The main goal should be rather than treatment to target the presentation of atherosclerosis. As per latest available guidelines and based on the calculated risk drug treatment for hyperlipidemia should be individualised. Keywords: Hyperlipidemia, Stroke, Ischemic cerebro vascular disease.

Causes of Epilepsy in Elderly Patients Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Keywords Epilepsy ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Epilepsy is fairly a frequent occurrence in the elderly. It is commonly diagnosed after the episode of two or more unprovoked seizures. Unprovoked seizures in elderly are recurrent rather than younger individuals. This study was designed to estimate the concrete burden of frequent causes of epilepsy. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a total of 153 patients diagnosed case of epilepsy were included in this study at Jinnah Medical College Hospital from February 2018-August 2018. Mean was calculated for age, duration of disease of the patients. Causes of epilepsy, gender, and education was calculated and presented as percentages. Electrolyte readings were taken i.e., Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium levels and imaging was planned to rule out stroke, primary neurodegenerative disorders and tumors. Post stratification Chi square test was applied and p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.91±5.68 years and mean duration of the disease was 4.61± 1.07 months. The common causes of epilepsy were found to be cerebrovascular disease 56.9%, cryptogenic 54.2%, neurodegenerative disorder 20.3%, traumatic head injury 11.8%, metabolic abnormalities or electrolyte disturbances 10.5% and brain tumor 7.8%. Conclusion: Elderly patients with first seizure should present to a facility designed in a way that neurologist, cardiologist, rehabilitation and geriatrics work together to identify and treat the condition in a better way. Keywords: Epilepsy; Seizures; Cerebrovascular Disease; Neurodegenerative Disorder.

scholarly journals Study of Fasting Lipid Profile in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Mohammad Afjal Hossain ◽  
- Atiquzzaman ◽  
Mirza Sharifuzzaman ◽  
Farzana Amin ◽  
Lutful Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a metabolic disorder with prevalence about 4-10% in general population. This study was conducted to observe the pattern of fasting lipid profile in SCH and to correlate the components of it with thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxin level. This cross sectional observational study included 31 newly diagnosed cases of SCH and 17 age and BMI matched healthy control subjects with normal thyroid function test. Fasting lipid profile was recorded and compared. TSH was significantly higher in SCH compared to controls (9.09±2.79 vs 2.31±0.92 μIU/ml; p=0.001). FT4 was comparable between the groups (1.17±0.18 vs 1.28±0.20 ng/dl; p=0.938). Significantly higher level of Total cholesterol and LDL-C were observed in SCH compared to controls (TC 194.77±29.70 vs 156.59±20.45 mg/dl; p=0.042 and LDL-C 124.81±27.85 mg/dl vs 88.59±18.41mg/dl; p=0.045 respectively). Triglycerides and HDL-C were comparable between the groups (TG 134.90±80.97 vs 118.12±49.14 mg/dl; p=0.171 and HDL-C 42.87±4.83 vs 44.47±5.66; p=0.633 respectively). TSH showed significant positive correlation with TC and LDL-C (r=0.591, p<0.001 and r=0.644, p<0.001 respectively), but not with TG or HDL-C (r=0.011, p=0.943 and r=0.115, p=0.435 respectively). FT4 only showed significant negative correlation with LDL-C (r=0.302; P=0.037) but not with TC, TG or HDL-C (TC: r=0.245, P=0.093; TG: r=0.121, p=0.411 and HDL-C: r=0.108, p=0.466 respectively). SCH is associated with raised TC and LDL-C. So patients with SCH are more vulnerable to develop future adverse cardio-metabolic complications. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2021;16(1):17-20

A Randomised Double-Blind Trial of Pentoxifylline Alone versus Pentoxifylline Plus N Acetyl Cysteine in the Treatment of Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mysore, Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
Anurag Lavekar ◽  
Deepak Suvarna ◽  
Aradya V ◽  
Nandeesh P ◽  
Vijayakumar R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine

BACKGROUND Proven therapeutic options for treating severe alcoholic hepatitis are limited. The study was conducted to compare pentoxifylline alone versus combination of Pentoxifylline plus N acetylcysteine in severe alcoholic hepatitis patients. METHODS A randomised, parallel, double blind, active controlled trial was conducted in which, 240 cases were considered for analysis and were divided into two study groups i.e. tablet pentoxifylline alone versus tablet pentoxifylline plus tablet N acetylcysteine. The pentoxifylline group received 400 mg thrice daily for one month and the other group received tablet pentoxifylline 400 mg thrice daily with tablet N–acetyl cysteine 600 mg twice daily for one month. Enrolled patients were called for follow up at one and three months. The parameters were compared between the two study groups statistically and the results were obtained. RESULTS Forty-nine (20.4 %) patients expired in 3 months, out of which 35 (14.5 %) expired at the end of 1st month. There was no significant difference in survival between two groups at the end of one and three months (P = 0.58 and 0.10 respectively). Although liver function test (LFT), PT-INR (prothrombin timeinternational normalised ratio) improved significantly from baseline in both the groups (P < 0.0001), no significant difference was observed between the two groups. Prevalence of hepatic encephalopathy was significantly low in pentoxifylline plus N-acetylcysteine group at one and three months (P = 0.04 and 0.02 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Addition of N acetyl cysteine to pentoxifylline helps in reducing hepatic encephalopathy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis; however, it does not improve the short-term survival. KEYWORDS Pentoxifylline, N-acetylcysteine, Alcoholic Hepatitis, Liver Disorder

Frequency of Dyslipidemia in Obese

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2831-2832
Author(s):  
Ambreen Asif ◽  
Kashif Aziz Ahmad ◽  
Sohaib Akbar ◽  
Talha Munir
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Subjects

Objective: frequency of dyslipidemia in obese subjects Methodology: In this was a cross sectional study, we included a total of 100 cases, between 30 and 70 years of age of either gender having body mass index >30 whereas we excluded all those cases who were already taking treatment of dyslipidemia. A fasting blood sample was followed for lipid profile from the hospital lab and results were followed for presence/absence of dyslipidemia. Results: In this trial, mean age was 44.57+8.52 years. Mean lipid profile was recorded as 210.17+36.73 total cholesterol, 178.83+12.10 triglycerides, 133.55+9.74 LDL and 34.42+6.58 HDL. Mean Body mass index was calculated as 34.11+7.25. Frequency of dyslipidemia in obese subjects was recorded as 51%(n=51) Conclusion: We concluded that frequency of dyslipidemia is higher in obese subjects coming to a tertiary care hospital Lahore. So, it is recommended that every patient who present with obesity, should be sort out for dyslipidemia. However, it is also required that every setup should have their surveillance in order to know the frequency of the problem Keywords: Obese, dyslipidemia, frequency

Clinical efficacy and tolerability of 1.5 g/day oral amoxicillin therapy without probenecid for the treatment of syphilis

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054823
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Ikeuchi ◽  
Kazuaki Fukushima ◽  
Masaru Tanaka ◽  
Keishiro Yajima ◽  
Akifumi Imamura
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Latent Syphilis

ObjectivesIntramuscular benzathine penicillin G is not available in certain countries. In a previous report, 3 g/day amoxicillin with probenecid was shown to be effective in treating syphilis in patients with HIV; however, 7.3% of patients changed their therapy owing to adverse events. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and tolerability of 1.5 g/day amoxicillin without probenecid for the treatment of syphilis.MethodsThe routine clinical records of patients diagnosed with syphilis and treated with 1.5 g/day amoxicillin at a tertiary care hospital between 2006 and 2018 were retrospectively analysed. Syphilis was diagnosed if serum rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titres were ≥8 RU and the Treponema pallidum latex-agglutination test was positive. Serological cure was defined as a ≥fourfold decrease in the RPR titre within 12 months in symptomatic early syphilis and within 24 months in latent syphilis.ResultsOverall, 138 patients (112 with HIV) were analysed. The percentages of primary, secondary, early latent, late latent and latent syphilis of unknown duration were 8.0%, 50.0%, 25.4%, 5.8% and 10.9%, respectively. The median treatment duration was 4.5 weeks (IQR 4–8 weeks), which was not related to the stage of syphilis. Two patients (1.5%) changed treatment due to skin rash. The rate of serological cure was 94.9% (131/138; 95% CI 89.8% to 97.9%) overall; 93.8% (105/112; 95% CI 87.5% to 97.5%) in patients with HIV and 100% (26/26; 95% CI 86.8% to 100%) in patients without HIV. Treatment duration was not related to the treatment efficacy.ConclusionThe regimen of 1.5 g/day amoxicillin without probenecid is highly effective with a low switch rate in patients with and without HIV.

Compliance with Postexposure Screening and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan H. Balkhy ◽  
Thaddeus L. Miller ◽  
Saira Ali ◽  
Jennifer B. Nuzzo ◽  
Karine Kentenyants ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Respiratory Therapists ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Latent Tb Infection ◽  
Clinical Records

Background.Controlling tuberculosis (TB) infection among occupationally exposed healthcare workers (HCWs) may be challenging.Methods.We retrospectively reviewed clinical records of HCWs who were exposed to patients diagnosed with infectious TB at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2008 and 2010. The collected data included baseline tuberculin skin test (TST) status, potential predictors of TST positivity, postexposure diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI), and postexposure compliance with LTBI therapy.Results.Thirteen patients were diagnosed with infectious pulmonary TB during the study period. A total of 298 HCWs met our definition for exposure. Exposed HCWs tended to be female (62.9%), non-Saudi (83.9%), nurses (68.6%), or respiratory therapists (24.0%) working in critical care locations (72.8%). Baseline (preemployment) TST documentation existed for 41.3% (123/298). Among those with documented baseline TSTs, 51.2% (63/123) were positive, representing 21.1% (63/298) of all HCWs. Only 48.9% (115/235) of exposed HCWs who had negative or unknown preexposure TST status had their TST tested after exposure. Approximately 46.1% (53/115) of them were diagnosed with postexposure LTBI, and 92.5% (49/53) of them were prescribed LTBI therapy. Among those, 93.9% (46/49) started LTBI therapy; however, 82.6% (38/46) failed to complete the recommended course.Conclusions.We found low rates of baseline TST documentation and postexposure screening among exposed HCWs. Compliance with initiating postexposure isoniazid prophylaxis among HCWs was fair, but only a small fraction of those who started prophylaxis completed the recommended course of therapy. These findings suggest substantial opportunities to implement administrative measures to enhance LTBI management among HCWs.

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