Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Asetat dari A-Selulosa Fiber Cake Kelapa Sawit

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
Indarianti Utami ◽  
Abu Hasan ◽  
Robert Junaidi
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate ◽  
Acetyl Content ◽  
High Product Yield ◽  
Solid Form

Penelitian tentang sintesis dan karakterisasi selulosa asetat dari  ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit ini telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan anhidrida asetat sebagai acetylating agent. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan selulosa asetat dengan klasifikasi selulosa diasetat yang memiliki yield produk yang tinggi, mempelajari pengaruh variasi rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat, waktu asetilasi, dan suhu asetilasi untuk mendapatkan selulosa asetat dengan kondisi yang optimal dari ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat (1:5; 1:10; 1:15), waktu asetilasi (0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5)jam, dan suhu asetilasi (25 dan 40) oC menghasilkan 30 sampel produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selulosa asetat yang didapatkan berupa selulosa diasetat dengan bentuk padatan berupa serbuk, berwarna putih gading, dan tidak berbau serta memiliki kadar ?-selulosa sebesar 84,29 % dengan kadar air 9,16 % pada rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat (1:10), waktu asetilasi 1,5 jam, dan suhu asetilasi 40oC dengan nilai yield produk, kadar asetil, dan derajat substitusi berturut-turut 49 %, 39,97 %, dan 2,5.   Research on the synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate from palm oil ?-cellulose fiber cake has been carried out using acetic anhydride as an acetylating agent. This study aims to obtain cellulose acetate with cellulose diacetate classification which has a high product yield, study the effect of variations in the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride, acetylation time, and acetylation temperature to obtain cellulose acetate with optimal conditions from palm oil ?-cellulose fiber cake. This study used variations in the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride (1:5; 1:10; 1:15), acetylation time (0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5) hours, and acetylation temperature (25 and 40) oC produces 30 product samples. The results showed that the cellulose acetate obtained was in the form of cellulose diacetate with a solid form in the form of powder, ivory white, and odorless and had 84.29% of a-cellulose content with 9.16% of a moisture content at the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride (1 :10), acetylation time 1.5 hours, and acetylation temperature 40oC with product yield, acetyl content, and degree of substitution 84.6%, 39.97%, and 2.5, respectively.

scholarly journals Thermoplastic Cellulose-Based Compound for Additive Manufacturing

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1701
Author(s):  
Kirsi Immonen ◽  
Pia Willberg-Keyriläinen ◽  
Jarmo Ropponen ◽  
Asta Nurmela ◽  
Sini Metsä-Kortelainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Ester ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Propionate

The increasing environmental awareness is driving towards novel sustainable high-performance materials applicable for future manufacturing technologies like additive manufacturing (AM). Cellulose is abundantly available renewable and sustainable raw material. This work focused on studying the properties of thermoplastic cellulose-based composites and their properties using injection molding and 3D printing of granules. The aim was to maximize the cellulose content in composites. Different compounds were prepared using cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) and commercial cellulose acetate propionate with plasticizer (CP) as polymer matrices, microcellulose (mc) and novel cellulose-ester additives; cellulose octanoate (C8) and cellulose palmitate (C16). The performance of compounds was compared to a commercial poly(lactic acid)-based cellulose fiber containing composite. As a result, CP-based compounds had tensile and Charpy impact strength properties comparable to commercial reference, but lower modulus. CP-compounds showed glass transition temperature (Tg) over 58% and heat distortion temperature (HDT) 12% higher compared to reference. CAP with C16 had HDT 82.1 °C. All the compounds were 3D printable using granular printing, but CAP compounds had challenges with printed layer adhesion. This study shows the potential to tailor thermoplastic cellulose-based composite materials, although more research is needed before obtaining all-cellulose 3D printable composite material with high-performance.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN SELULOSA ASETAT DARI PULP KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus)

Molekul ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senny Widyaningsih ◽  
Cynthia Linaya Radiman
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Wood Cellulose ◽  
Acetyl Content ◽  
Acetyl Group

Cellulose acetate (CA) is one of polymer which is usually used in industry. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) pulp is one of non wood cellulose sources which can be used for producing CA. CA was produced in three step i.e. initial, acetylation, and hydrolysis. The characterization of CA kenaf had been conducted with analyzing function groups and determining relative molecule mass, acetyl content, and structure of CA. The result of infrared spectroscopy analyze showed that specific peak of acetyl group at 1237.4 cm-1 with acetyl content 40.40% and the relative molecule mass of CA was 1.15.104 with amorf structure.

scholarly journals KAJIAN AWAL PEMANFAATAN PULP DARI LIMBAH KEMASAN ASEPTIK UNTUK PEMBUATAN SELULOSA ASETAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahammad Khadafi ◽  
Yuniarti P. Kencana
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Acid Anhydride ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Acetyl Content ◽  
Aseptic Packaging

The use of aseptic packaging in the world is still increasing from year to year, this causes a new matter like midden. Recycling the aseptic packaging is one of the efforts to utilize this waste. The raw material used for cellulose acetate crystal can be obtained from recycling process of aseptic packaging waste. This can be possible because pulp from aseptic packaging contain 72% needle unbleached virgin pulp. The purpose of this reasearch is to diversify the use of aseptic packaging waste by improving the technology process of acetylation for making cellulose acetate crystal. Aseptic packaging pulp was tested for the parameters such as water content, ash content, holocellulose content, α-cellulose content, lignin content, and hemicellulose content. This tested was used to know the eligibility of pulp for making cellulose acetate. The pulp was soaked with water and glacial acetic acid for swelling and conditioning. The acetylation process was done with adding glacial acetic acid and acetic acid anhydride in certain composition. Based on ASTM D 871-96 testing method, we obtained the optimum condition of acetyl content is 36.85% by adding 2.25 mL water and 35 mL acetic acid anhydride, whereas with the addition of 2.75 mL water and 30 mL acetic acid anhydride 28.28% acetyl content were obtained.Keywords : aseptic packaging pulp, acetate cellulose, acetylation process, acetyl content  ABSTRAKPenggunaan kemasan aseptik yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, menimbulkan masalah baru berupa limbah. Salah satu upaya pemanfaatan limbah adalah melalui proses daur ulang. Hasil proses daur ulang ini diantaranya dapat dijadikan substitusi bahan baku produk derivat selulosa berupa selulosa asetat, karena limbah kemasan aseptik mengandung pulp virgin serat panjang 72%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk diversifikasi penggunaan dan pemanfaatan limbah kemasan aseptik melalui proses daur ulang dan penguasaan teknologi proses asetilasi untuk produk selulosa asetat. Pulp kemasan aseptik diuji dengan parameter kadar air, kadar abu, kadar holoselulosa, kadar α selulosa, kadar lignin, dan kadar hemiselulosa untuk mengetahui apakah pulp kemasan aseptik memenuhi persyaratan untuk dibuat selulosa asetat. Perendaman pulp dilakukan dengan air dan asam asetat glasial, kemudian diperas untuk mengkondisikan pulp sebelum proses asetilasi. Proses asetilasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan asam asetat glasial dan asam asetat anhidrida dalam jumlah tertentu. Berdasarkan metode ASTMD 871-96 diperoleh kadar asetil optimal dari kristal selulosa asetat sebesar 36,85% dengan penambahan air 2,25 mL dan asetat anhydrida 35 ml, sedangkan untuk penambahan asam asetat anhidrida 30 mL dan air 2,75 mL diperoleh kadar asetil 28,28%.Kata kunci : pulp kemasan aseptik, selulosa asetat, asetilasi, kadar asetil

Synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate naphthoate with good ultraviolet and chemical resistance

e-Polymers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Song ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
Zhanping Yang ◽  
Songwei Xu ◽  
Bowen Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ultraviolet Resistance ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

AbstractCommercial cellulose diacetate with a degree of substitution (DS) of 2.45 was partly deacetylated to cellulose acetate (CA) with different DSs by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and then reacted with 1-naphthoyl chloride (NpCl) to synthesize CA naphthoate (CANp). Fourier transform infrared and 1H-NMR were used to characterize the chemical structure of CANp. The DS of naphthoate moiety (DSCANp) could be varied from 0.18 to 0.98 by adjusting the molar ratio of –OH in CA unit to NpCl, the DS of CA (DSCA), and the reaction time and temperature. When DSCA was 2.01 and the molar ratio was 1:6, the maximum DSCANp of the product was achieved after a reaction at 80°C for 2 h. With the increase of DSCANp, the thermal stability decreased slightly whereas the anti-ultraviolet property was enhanced. Moreover, the obtained films containing CANp exhibited good ultraviolet resistance as well as chemical resistance.

scholarly journals Characterization of New Cellulose Fiber from the Molina (Lagenaria Siceraria) Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Saravanan ◽  
P.S. Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Effective Reinforcement ◽  
High Cellulose

This research explores the extraction and characterization of natural fiber from the agro-waste of Lagenaria siceraria (LS) plant stem (commonly known as bottle guard). The extracted fiber from the waste stems has high cellulose content (79.91 %) with good tensile strength (257–717 MPa) and thermal stability (withstand up to 339.1°C). The huge percentage of crystalline index (92.4%) with the crystalline size (7.2 nm) as well as low density (1.216 g/cm3) of the LS fiber renders their possibility to use as an effective reinforcement material in lightweight eco-friendly composites for various industrial applications.

Pemanfaatan A-Selulosa Fiber Cake Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Baku Nitroselulosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Reni Putri ◽  
Robert Junaidi ◽  
Mustain Mustain
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Pre Treatment

Dengan kadar selulosa yang tinggi, fiber cake kelapa sawit dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan nitroselulosa. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan nitroselulosa dari ?-Selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit yang memiliki yield produk dan kadar nitrogen yang tinggi dengan waktu yang singkat. Percobaan dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu tahap pre-treatment bahan baku, tahap pembuatan nitroselulosa melalui proses nitrasi dan tahap analisis produk nitroselulosa. Konversi ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit menjadi nitroselulosa dilakukan dengan variasi asam penitrasi dengan perbandingan H2SO4 98% dengan HNO3 70% sebesar 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 dan 1:5, waktu reaksi pada proses nitrasi selama 30 dan 40 menit serta variasi.suhu proses nitrasi 10-15oC dan 15-20oC. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kondisi optimal proses pembuatan nitroselulosa dari fiber cake kelapa sawit dicapai pada rasio asam penitrasi sebesar 1:1 dengan suhu nitrasi 15-20oC dan waktu nitrasi selama 40 menit. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh yield sebesar 95,0% dengan kadar nitrogen sebesar 9,9%.    With high cellulose content, fiber cake palm oil can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of nitrocellulose. This experiment aims to produce nitrocellulose from fiber cake palm oil which has high yield product and high nitrogen content. The experiment was carried out in three stages, namely the pre-treatment of raw materials, the stage of making nitrocellulose through the nitration process and the analysis stage of the nitrocellulose product. The conversion of ?-cellulose fiber cake into nitrocellulose was carried out by varying the acid nitrate with a ratio of H2SO4 98% with HNO3 70% at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, The reaction is in the nitration process for 30 and 40 minutes and the variation of the nitration process temperature is 10-15oC and 15-20oC. From the results of the study it is known that the optimal conditions for the process of making nitrocellulose from fiber cake palm oil are achieved at a nitrating acid ratio of 1 :1 with a nitration temperature of 15-20oC and a nitration time of 40 minutes. In this condition, yield of 95,0% was obtained with nitrogen content of 9,9%.

scholarly journals Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Asetat (CA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Fensia Analda Souhoka ◽  
Jolantje Latupeirissa
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Acid Anhydride ◽  
Degree Of Substitution ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Cellulose Content

Synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate (CA) has been conducted. The cellulose used in this study was commecial a-cellulose in 92% content. All the CA products were analyzed by FTIR spectrometers. The determination of cellulose content was done using standart method of TAPPI T-203, while the determination of the degree of substitution (DS) was based on SNI 0444:2009 method. Conventional acetylation of cellulose was performed using gacial acetic acid, anhydride acetic acid, and sulfuric acid. The acetylation at 25 °C for 2.5 hours gave the DS of 1.482 and at 40 °C for 5 hours gave the higher DS 2.295.

scholarly journals Characterization of New Cellulose Fiber from the Molina (Lagenaria Siceraria) Plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Saravanan ◽  
P.S. Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Effective Reinforcement ◽  
High Cellulose

This research explores the extraction and characterization of natural fiber from the agro-waste of Lagenaria siceraria (LS) plant stem (commonly known as bottle guard). The extracted fiber from the waste stems has high cellulose content (79.91 %) with good tensile strength (257–717 MPa) and thermal stability (withstand up to 339.1°C). The huge percentage of crystalline index (92.4%) with the crystalline size (7.2 nm) as well as low density (1.216 g/cm3) of the LS fiber renders their possibility to use as an effective reinforcement material in lightweight eco-friendly composites for various industrial applications.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cellulosa Empty Palm Oil Bunches-Fiber Glass Membrane as Separator in Water Electrolizer

2019 ◽  
pp. 267-270
Author(s):  
Khairizar Sapwan ◽  
K. Sembiring ◽  
Tulus Ikhsan Nasution ◽  
Mutia Amalia ◽  
Rika Rahmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Membrane Conductivity ◽  
Glass Membrane ◽  
Membrane Porosity

Characterizations of membranes made from cellulose empty palm oil bunches-fiber glass as H2O separators in water of electrolyzer has been done. The separators membrane was successfully made with a manual and simple technique, mixing cellulose fiber material produced from the modification of oil palm empty bunches fibers (OPEBF) with a steam explosion in 12 % NaOH immersion. Cellulose fiber mixed with fiber glass in the composition of 30:20:50 (%wt)and dried with variations in heating temperature 60oC, 70oC, 80oC, 90oC and 100oC to get a composite. The results of Characterization the ability of the membrane as a separator produce H2 gas concentrations which is more increased than without using a separator. Where is the good and stable value for the membrane as a separator in heating temperature 70oC with a percentage of membrane porosity is 34.9%, the percent value of water absorption (swealling) is 46.93% and membrane conductivity is 1.33 x 10-10 S/cm and SEM results show sample in heating temperature 70oC has more homogeneity than others.

Analysis of Sound Reduction and Strong Drag Composite Concrete Fibers Gedebok Banana Results Delignification with Sodium Hydroxide Solvent (Naoh)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rouf Suprayogi ◽  
Annisa Mufida ◽  
Edwin Azwar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Sound Reduction

In composite science, desirable materials that are lighter but have the power and quality that can match or even exceed the material that has been there before. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cellulose fiber addition from banana gedebok to tensile strength, compressive strength and damping of concrete composite sound. To achieve this objective, mixing of cellulose fibers with K-275 quality concrete mix with variation of 0% and 5% substitution in which the cellulose is varied in powder and wicker form. Delignification of lignin content from banana gedebok was done by soaking and drying method without any variation and yielding powder having cellulose content of 13,0388%, hemicellulose 18,2796% and lignin 0,6684%. This study produces concrete composites that have a tensile strength and a compressive strength lower than that of normal concrete. Normally reinforced concrete tensile strength value 94.5 kg / cm2, 71.4 kg / cm2 cellulose powder concrete and 90.3 kg / cm2 cellulose woven concrete. Normal concrete compressive strength value 334,22 kg / cm2, cellulose powder concrete 215,7 kg / cm2, and cellulose webbing concrete 157,98 kg / cm2. As for the power damping sound of cellulose webbing concrete has the highest damping power compared to other concrete with the absorbed sound intensity that is 52-68 dB

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