THE AFGHAN EXODUS AND THE POSSIBLE NEW CONJONCTURE IN THE POST-USA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Tuğrul Çamaş ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Human History ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Global Terrorism ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The U.S

Human history is not alien to the phenomenon of mass migration. Humans has been withnessing migration many times for ages. After the U.S announced that it will withdraw its troops from Afghanistan on August 31, a mass exodus of people from Afghanistan to other parts of the world began. The expansionist foreign policy of the USA presented itself as a country which seeks to contribute to the development of Afghan society and its state, resorting to “democratization and the fight against global terrorism” rhetoric. The main reason behind the U.S’s entry into Afghanistan is to achieve its objective of gaining geostrategic advantages. The U.S, which uses radical salafi movements as a stepping stone, has recently tried to make a presence in Central Asia, in a region confined by China, Russia and Iran, and to show a sustainable presence in the region from Afghanistan where the Taliban is now in control. The main issue is centered on what will occur after the 31st of August, when the USA leaves Afghanistan, how the conjuncture will unfold in the region and how the Taliban regime will interact with Iran, Pakistan and China. Western societies tend to analyze and construe the Taliban over their approach to women. However, the accurate approach should be contributing to the formation of a non-marginal, legitimate political regime in Afghanistan, which will also be in accordance with international law. With the stability to be achieved in Afghanistan, a refugee crisis can be prevented.

United States v. Dire

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Kontorovich
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Crime ◽  
Customary International Law ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
Law Of Nations ◽  
The World ◽  
Treaty Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The U.S

In the first criminal piracy decision by a United States court in nearly a century, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit ruled that the federal piracy statute’s reference to the “law of nations” explicitly ties the scope of the offense to evolving customary international law definitions of the crime. The court went on to find that under current customary and treaty law, attempted piracy falls within the scope of the international crime. In doing so, it joined several courts in nations around the world that have confronted the issue as a result of the outbreak of Somali piracy that began in 2008.

scholarly journals The Right to Self-Determination of Modern Secessionist Movements under International Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-302
Author(s):  
Ja’far Mohammad Khair Al Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Parent State ◽  
The World ◽  
New States ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right ◽  
Universal Order

States’ boundaries have changed to a large extent over the course of time, in fact, the world has not always been the same as nowadays. In place of archaic forms of social organisation, the universal order has appeared where determinate and inviolable borders play a crucial role in ensuring the stability of states and resisting separatist movements. At the same time, secessionist movements throughout the world continually aim to gain independence from the ‘parent’ state invoking the right to self-determination. In this paper, the researcher will examine whether a part of the population of a state or a sub-unit of that state has a right to secede and create a new state and/or integrate into another. The article consists of a strong theoretical part dealing with statehood, self-determination and secession with a view of the dynamic development of these notions since the rapid birth of many new states as a result of decolonization. Thereafter, the validity of the gathered results will be verified by a comparative analysis of the cases of Kosovo, Crimea and Catalonia with regard to the historical background of these secessionist entities.

Analisis Penerapan No First Use Policy Dalam Penggunaan Senjata Nuklir: Sebuah Tinjauan Yuridis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Yunia Utami Indah Haloho ◽  
Xavier Nugraha ◽  
Atiqoh Farhan Maulani
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
International Security ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
World Peace ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The World ◽  
The Stability

The preservation of the stability of world peace became one of the wishes of the entire international community. But these expectations seemed to be a sense of concern in the event of a war between countries using nuclear weapons. International law governs the nuclear weapons of international treaties, one of which is the Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in 1968. In addition to providing a guarantee of a sense of security was formed No First Use Policy to ensure the country owners of nuclear weapons are not the first party to use nuclear weapons in the event of a conflict with other countries. The purpose of this research is to learn about the implementation of No First Use Policy on the use of nuclear weapons by the countries that have them and the international security of the world. The method used in the study is normative juridical is supported by data obtained by library research. Regarding the implementation of the No First Use Policy each country with nuclear weapons has different attitudes about it. Whereas No First Use Policy has had a positive impact on the arrangement of the use of nuclear weapons of the world for security and order.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Jonathan Webber ◽  
Chris Schwarz ◽  
Jason Francisco
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Jewish Diaspora ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Intellectual Movements

This chapter provides an overview of Jewish civilization that developed in Poland about 1,000 years until it was brutally destroyed during the Holocaust. It describes Poland as the centre of the Jewish diaspora and the home to the largest Jewish community in the world as 90 percent of the world's Jews lived in Europe before their mass migration to the USA in the middle of the nineteenth century. It also cites the contributions of the great rabbis of Poland to both Jewish law and Jewish spirituality, including political, artistic, literary, and intellectual movements that have characterized the Jewish world in the modern period. The chapter introduces present-day photographs that offer a completely new and contemporary way of looking at the Jewish past in Poland that was left in ruins. It explains that the photographs serve as a tribute to the rich Jewish cultural heritage of Poland.

At Threshold of Restless World: Modern Epoch and Recessionary Seventies

2010 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
A. Dynkin ◽  
V. Pantin
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
World Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Leader ◽  
The U.S

The 2008–2009 global financial and economic crisis was a result of the global balance disturbance in world economy and international relations. The global leader – the U.S. has been weakened, but temporarily. As long as there is no serious alternative candidate, American domination will continue. In the foreseeable future, the world is likely to face plenty of economic upheavals and political conflicts linked to the development of new technologies, the asymmetry of demographic trends in various regions resulting in mass migration, climate change and environmental problems including scarcity of fresh water. One of the major new trends is globalization, and no single nation, however powerful, is capable of managing it.

Under the Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 76-77
Author(s):  
Julie Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
International Law ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Educational Rights ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
The U.S

The right to an education is guaranteed by international law in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Similarly, UNESCO’s Constitution sets out the right to an education as necessary to “prepare the children of the world for the responsibilities of freedom.” No such right is mentioned in the U.S. Constitution, though. Perhaps Congress or the Supreme Court would be sympathetic, however, to an argument for educational rights based on the 14th Amendment’s guarantee of the rights of citizenship.

Aviation and International Law

1930 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manley O. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Society ◽  
Human Action ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Human History ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
National Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In

The first thirty years of the nineteenth century saw the beginnings of a great revolution in transportation and communication. Improvements were introduced which in time greatly changed the daily lives of people throughout the world, and made it possible for their efforts to reach out as never before in human history. The change was nowhere more significant than in its effect on international society. A century ago, the railroad, the steamship and the telegraph so extended the range of human action that national organization ceased to correspond with the activities of many peoples, and the state system upon which the nineteenth century dawned was greatly modified by the progress made in international organization before the century had passed. Certainly no period up to that time had produced such changes as those which began in the decades between 1800 and 1830.

Global stability: risks and remedies

1999 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Flemming ◽  
M.V. Posner ◽  
J.R. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Stability

In the last few years the stability of the world economy has rested upon a prolonged boom in the USA offsetting recession in Japan and a slowdown in other East Asian ‘tiger’ economies. The risk now has to be faced that, if the ‘bubble’ in the US stock market should burst, recessionary influences would spread throughout the OECD area and beyond; and this could happen at a time when the conventional wisdom has lost faith in the effectiveness of ‘reflationary’ monetary and fiscal policies. After re-examining the case for deploying such policies as a positive response to recession, the authors first ask how the rules guiding monetary policy should be amended to reduce the probability of recession, and to counter it if it develops. They then consider the possibilities for fending off or mitigating recession by use of fiscal measures. They conclude by calling for public discussion of the policy issues involved as a basis for the formulation of contingency plans against the non-negligible risk that the balance of the world economy could before long be tilted in a recessionary direction.

scholarly journals TERORISME INTERNASIONAL DAN PENGARUH AL-QAEDA PASCA MENINGGALNYA OSAMA BIN LADEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Yudhistira Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Al Qaeda ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Chain Of Command ◽  
Global Terrorism ◽  
Osama Bin Laden ◽  
The U.S

al-Qaeda is one of the movement of global terrorism network that has a neat organizational structure and has established a strong chain of command and have an extensive network, greatly influenced by movements in sentiment toward the United States. WTC tragedy and other actions always lead to the infrastructure of Western countries, especially the U.S.. Osama Bin Laden as the leader of the al-Qaeda network has strong power in giving its influence in leading al-Qaeda. It can not be denied that Bin Laden was in first place most wanted people in the world. Under Bin Laden, al-Qaeda terrorist movement became a professional and highly coordinated, it can be seen from their actions is very neat. Osama bin Laden's death in 2011 and then, for some people is the end of the story of al-Qaeda. But the name of al-Qaida continues to appear in the news all over the world. In the name of the late al-Qaeda has been attributed to several events in the form of bomb attacks in Iraq, killing and conflict in Mali, clashes in Yemen, and sporadic raids and several incidents of kidnapping in Afghanistan. Looking at some of these cases the question "How gait or lunge al-Qaeda terrorist network after the death of Osama Bin Laden?

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