The “Default Hypothesis” Fails to Explain Jewish Influence

The role of Jewish activism in the transformative changes that have occurred in the West in recent decades continues to be controversial. Here I respond to several issues putatively related to Jewish influence, particularly the “default hypothesis” that Jewish IQ and urban residency explain Jewish influence and the role of the Jewish community in enacting the 1965 immigration law in the United States; other issues include Jewish ethnocentrism and intermarriage and whether diaspora Jews are hypocritical in their attitudes on immigration to Israel versus the United States. The post-World War II era saw the emergence of a new, substantially Jewish elite in America that exerted influence on a wide range of issues that formed a virtual consensus among Jewish activists and the organized Jewish community, including immigration, civil rights, and the secularization of American culture. Jewish activism in the pro-immigration movement involved: intellectual movements denying the importance of race in human affairs; establishing, staffing, and funding anti-restrictionist organizations; recruiting prominent non-Jews to anti-restrictionist organizations; rejecting the ethnic status quo as a goal because of fear of a relatively homogeneous white majority; leadership in Congress and the executive branch.

The Hidden Religious Dimension of Posthumanism

Since the end of the twentieht century, the intellectual movements of trans- and post-humanism have gained growing awarness in the humanities and social sciences, but also in a broader public. As Francesca Ferrando makes very clear in her brilliant and thought provoking introduction to Philosophical Posthumanism, both currents are connected in many ways but should nevertheless be sharply distinguished from each other: Whereas transhumanism develops visions of human enhancement via technology, posthumanism ismuch more a critical enterprise which reflects on problematic an thropocentrisms in all domains of natural and social life. As such, according to the first sentence of Ferrando’s book, “Posthumanism is the philosophy of our time” (Ferrando, 2019a, 1). A great deal of posthumanism’s attractivity is probably due to its astonishing unifying force. Many important critical movements and theoretical approaches who used to be practiced separatedly from each other seem to converge in philosophical posthumanism.

The Subtle Body

How does the soul relate to the body? Through the ages many religions and intellectual movements have posed answers to this question. Many have gravitated to the notion of the subtle body, positing some kind of subtle entity that is neither soul nor body, but some mixture of the two. This book traces the history of this idea from the late Roman Empire to the present day, touching on how philosophers, wizards, scholars, occultists, psychologists, and mystics have engaged with the idea over the past two thousand years. The book begins in the late Roman Empire, moving chronologically through the Renaissance, the British project of colonial Indology, the development of theosophy and occultism in the nineteenth century, and the Euro-American counterculture of the 1960s and 1970s.

Relasi Pemerintah dan Akademisi dalam Isu Moderasi Beragama di Indonesia

Religious moderation is one of the government's important agendas and commitments to realize a peaceful Islam, including through intellectual movements in the form of seminars, academic presentations, and scientific publications. The focus of this article is the mapping of research/academic writings by Islamic academics in the study of religious moderation. Data collection was carried out through a literature review by analyzing research publications among academics related to the theme of religious moderation. The analytical framework used in this article is discourse analysis and dialectics. This study concludes that some of the dominant themes published are: (a) The theme of religious moderation within the Indonesian-National scope. The discourse developed is Islamic moderation and Cultural Society. (b) The theme of religious moderation is da'wah broadcasts. The discourses raised are moderation and social media. (c) The theme of religious moderation of social organizations and ideological groups. The discourse that was raised was about the Islamic Moderatism of NU and Muhammadiyah. (d) The theme of Religious Moderation in Educational Institutions. The discourse that emerged was that Pesantren builds Moderation and Internalization of Moderation Values. The discourse analysis in this article shows that the article on Islamic Moderation is an expression or response of academics in viewing the reality and state of social policy around it. The Ministry of Religion as politicians and academics from several Islamic campuses under the Ministry of Religion have mutually supportive relationships in this issue of religious moderation Abstrak:. Moderasi agama merupakan salah satu agenda dan komitmen penting pemerintah untuk mewujudkan islam yang rahmatan lil ‘alamin, salah satunya melalui gerakan intelektual berupa: seminar, presentasi akademik dan publikasi Ilmiah. Fokus artikel ini adalah pemetaan terhadap riset/tulisan akademik para Akademisi Islam dalam kajian moderasi beragama. Penggalian data dilakukan melalui kajian kepustakaan dengan menganalisa publikasi riset dikalangan akademisi terkait dengan tema moderasi beragama. Kerangka analisis yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah analisis wacana dan dialektika. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa beberapa tema dominan yang dipublikasi adalah : (a) Tema Moderasi beragama dalam lingkup Nasional-Keindonesiaan. Wacana yang dimunculkan yakni moderasi Islam dan Masyarakat Kultural. (b) Tema Moderasi beragama siaran dakwah. Wacana yang dimunculkan yakni moderasi dan Media Sosial. (c) Tema Moderasi beragama organisasi Kemasyarakatan dan kelompok Ideologi. Wacana yang dimunculkan seputar Moderatisme Islam NU dan Muhammadiyah. (d) Tema Moderasi beragama Instansi Pendidikan. Wacana yang dimunculkan yakni Pesantren membangun Moderasi dan Internalisasi Nilai Moderasi. Analisis wacana dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa artikel mengenai Moderasi Islam merupakan sebuah ekspresi atau respon akademisi dalam memandang realitas dan keadaan kebijakan sosial di sekitarnya. Kementerian Agama sebagai Politisi dan akademisi dari beberapa kampus Islam di bawah kementerian Agama memiliki relasi yang saling mendukung dalam isu Moderasi beragama ini.

7. The opening of the American mind

‘The opening of the American mind’ challenges the perception of postwar American intellectual life as a period of staid traditionalism, stifling uniformity, complacency, and consensus. While some aspects of the 1950s and early 1960s Cold War culture were intellectually suffocating, others helped to widen Americans’ intellectual horizons. America’s new status as a global superpower stimulated the development of its intellectual and cultural institutions at a pace unprecedented in its history. The dramatic expansion of higher education, think tanks, and the print culture marketplace contributed to the opening of mid-century American thought. Varieties of existentialism, the creation of a lively conservative tradition, and the growing American interest in intellectual movements and spiritual practices from around the world helped Americans “breathe a larger air.”

Why do Environmental and Ecological Economics Diverge?

Environmental economics and ecological economics became established scientific fields as a result of the growth and the success of the environmental movement in the 1960s and 1970s. Using the strong programme in the sociology of scientific knowledge and the general theory of scientific/intellectual movements, this article compares four pairs of scholars (two pairs of scholars appropriated for these fields and fields' founders during the emergence and establishment of the fields). The article depicts how their institutional, ideological and scientific backgrounds contributed to the divergence of these fields. Practitioners of environmental economics and ecological economics were influenced by different strands of the environmental movement. Environmental economics has epistemological and institutional links with environmentalism and ecological economics with ecologism. Different types of interdisciplinarity were used in these fields—a bridge building type of interdisciplinarity in the case of environmental economics and a restructuring and integrative in the case of ecological economics.

Frank Plumpton Ramsey and the Politics of Motherhood

This paper is an attempt to historicize Frank Plumpton Ramsey’s Apostle talks delivered from 1923 to 1925 within the social and political context of the time. In his talks, Ramsey discusses socialism, psychoanalysis, and feminism. Ramsey’s views on these three intellectual movements were inter-connected, and they all contributed to his take on the then policy debates on the role of women in economy. Drawing on some archival materials, biographical facts, and the historiographical literature on the early inter-war politics of motherhood, I show that Ramsey held a positive view of the feminist campaign for family endowment. He demanded government financial support for motherhood in recognition of the economic significance of women’s domestic works and as what could bring economic independence to them. In addition, he found such economic scheme compatible with the kind of maternalism endorsed by Freudian psychoanalysis – his favorite theory of psychology.

اسلامی اُصولوں کے تناظر میں سوشلزم کا تنقیدی جائزہ

Multiple intellectual movements are here that changed the socio-economic conditions of humankind throughout history. Among these movements, a highly Influential is socialism, which was the most discussed and dominant social and political movement in the 19th and 20th centuries. It affected many thoughts and cultures owing to its impressive materialistic approach. On the other hand, Islam negates socialism’s fundamental principles, and it does not appreciate pure materialistic discourse for the wellbeing of humanity. Islam also provides a social structure for equality and justice for success in this world and the hereafter. This article explains the salient features of socialism which are contrary to Islamic ideas and precepts. Furthermore, the current position of socialism in the world and how Islamic traditions and civilization can be preserved have been discussed. In addition, this article provides a brief overview of the importance of establishing an Islamic "welfare state."

ASSERTIVE ADJECTIVES IN THE FORBIDDEN LOVE (AŞK-I MEMNU) BY HALID ZIYA UŞAKLIGIL

Despite the fact that it has been over seven decades since the passing of the famous Turkish writer Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil (1865-1945), his fame has continued till now due to the writer's unique and remarkable literary works in poetry as well as in novel, storytelling as he was familiar with European literature, particularly French, cultural and intellectual movements. Halid Ziya is considered one of the first writers who adopts European style in his writings and his novel The Forbidden Love 1900 (Aşk-ı Memnu in the original) often considered his masterpiece. It is the first and greatest novel in the history of Turkish literature through which the writer shows his good linguistic knowledge proficiently concerning the configuration and vocabularies of Turkish language and its accurate details. The Forbidden Love has been numerously studied and filmed as a TV-series. And originally written and first published in Turkish. In brief, words in Turkish are formed through a system of affixes attached to word stems. The writer frequently uses assertive adjectives in his novel in order to give a meaningful sense of the word. The aim of this paper is to study the assertive adjectives in The Forbidden Love by Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil

The support of urban movement in Sai Gon - Gia Dinh to the Provisional Revolution Government’s viewpoint at the Paris Negotiation (1970-1971)

The urban movement, a type of political struggles of people in Southern Vietnam, played an important role in the anti-American resistance of Vietnam. The present article presented aspects in the support of the urban movement in Sai Gon - Gia Dinh to the Provisional Revolution Goverment's viewpoint at the Paris Negotiation (1970-1971) by using the printed materials of the Republic of Vietnam collected from Vietnam National Archives II and the reliable published-materials. In fact, after being established, the Provisional Revolution Government replaced the role of the National Liberation Front at the Paris Negotiation and showed the viewpoint via the Eight-Point Solution, the Three-Point Statement, and the Seven-Point Programme for two years between 1970 and 1971. At the same time, the urban movement in Sai Gon - Gia Dinh had a strong development, and took place with various types, including student movements, intellectual movements, and worker movements. The development of the urban movement supported the Provisional Revolution Government viewpoint of peace, increasing the strength of the diplomatic struggle and driving the US and Sai Gon Government into the strongly isolated situation. This paper also shows the influence of the Provisional Revolution Government on the urban movement in Sai Gon - Gia Dinh.