Formulation for Continuous Vulcanization in Microwave Heating Systems

1971 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ippen
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Microwave Curing ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
New Development ◽  
Curing Method

Abstract For a number of years the rubber industry has been trying to make its processes as continuous as possible. Techniques which dispense with interruptions are particularly desirable in the production of strip and hose, for extrusion is a continuous process whose interruption for the purpose of enabling the goods to be cured is both illogical and unsatisfactory. Several continuous vulcanization methods, such as the use of hot air and the liquid curing method, are receiving attention. A new development in this field is the use of microwave for vulcanization. Microwave curing is a valuable supplement to other continuous vulcanization methods, in comparison with which it offers advantages in some respects.

scholarly journals Airflow mixing augmentation device for hot-air heating systems in modular boilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01049
Author(s):  
Nikolay I. Kurilenko ◽  
Pavel A. Artamonov ◽  
Elena Yu. Kurilenko ◽  
Gennady Ya. Mamontov
Keyword(s):  
Heating Systems ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Air Heating

Methods of temperature measurement in microwave heating technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Boris A. Lapshinov
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Processed Material ◽  
Spectral Pyrometry

In industrial technological processes associated with the heating of the processed material by microwave radiation, it is necessary to measure the temperatures of objects. Methods for measuring temperatures in the fields of technology using microwave heating systems are considered. The main possibilities, disadvantages and limitations of the used contact and non-contact (optical) measurement methods are determined. The requirements for temperature measurement systems under conditions of exposure to strong electromagnetic fields are listed. The possibilities of the spectral pyrometry method are especially noted.

Application of Microwave Heating for Adhesive Joining

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik T. Thostenson ◽  
Tsu-Wei Chou
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
Microwave Curing ◽  
Composite Joint ◽  
High Dielectric ◽  
Microwave Techniques

Abstract In conventional joining of composite materials and sandwich structures, reductions in processing time are limited by inefficient heat transfer. In conventional processing the thermal energy must diffuse through the composite layers to heat the joint interface and cure the thermosetting adhesive, and this outside-in process of heating results in excessive processing times and wasted energy. The purpose of the current work is to examine microwave heating as an alternative to conventional heating for joining of composite structures. Through proper material selection, microwaves are able to penetrate the substrate materials and cure the adhesives in-situ. Selective heating with microwaves is achieved by incorporating interlayer materials that have high dielectric loss properties relative to the substrate materials. In this study, a processing window for elevated temperature curing of an epoxy paste adhesive system (HYSOL EA 9359.3) was developed and composite joint systems were manufactured using conventional and microwave techniques and tested in shear. Microwave curing resulted in both enhanced shear strength and less scatter in experimental data.

An Alternative Technology for the Manufacture of Rubber Articles from Motor Vehicle Tyre Recycling Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-170
Author(s):  
V.F. Kablov ◽  
A.V. Perfil'ev ◽  
V.P. Shabanova ◽  
A.A. Perfil'ev
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Powder Technology ◽  
Considerable Reduction ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Alternative Technology

The prospects of using powder technology to manufacture rubber articles and the features of different variants of powder technology using powder and block rubbers are considered. Examples of the practical use of powder technology at enterprises of the rubber industry are given. Powder press technology for the manufacture of rubber articles from rubber crumbs obtained by recycling used tyres is presented. Variants for the activation of composites to be pressed are examined. It is shown that the use of microwave radiation to activate rubber crumbs directly before the manufacture of articles from them makes it possible to produce products with improved properties. The strength of vulcanisates obtained from rubber crumbs activated by microwave radiation is 30% higher owing to the fact that, in the case of microwave heating, the rubber crumbs are heated evenly throughout the article and there is a considerable reduction in the vulcanisation time. Powder press technology is recommended for the manufacture of various moulded rubber articles at small enterprises not possessing standard rubber mixers.

Comparative study of solar hot air heating systems with phase change materials in plateau areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 110265
Author(s):  
Rui Fan ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Ting Bu ◽  
Kexin Sun ◽  
Yibing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Air Heating

scholarly journals Microwave treatment and drying of germinated pea

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Skulinová ◽  
P. Kadlec ◽  
J. Kaasová ◽  
J. Dostálová ◽  
M. Zátopková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Hot Air Drying ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Heating Effects

It is possible to use germination of grain legumes as the most effective way of decreasing a high content of a-galactooligosaccharides which undesirably affect the nutritive value and acceptability of legumes. Content of a-galactooligosaccharides was reduced to 38% (Gotik cultivar) and to 45% (Grana cultivar) of the original value after 2 days of germination. The aim of further processing was to dry germinated pea to final moisture content 12–14%. Very interesting results were obtained when microwave heating was used as a preliminary treatment before hot air drying. Microwave treatment reduces the time of drying. The contents of soluble carbohydrates (sucrose, raffinose, stachyose and verbascose), proteins and trypsin inhibitor activity were determined as criteria of microwave heating effects on the chemical composition of germinated pea. Germinated pea was used for the preparation of pea soups and these pea dishes were sensory evaluated.  

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