EFFECT OF ELASTOMER NANOPARTICLES ON IMPROVING THE WET SKID RESISTANCE OF SBR/NR COMPOSITES

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingguo Wang ◽  
Jingrui Liu ◽  
Quande Cui ◽  
Xiao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Wet Skid Resistance

ABSTRACT How to improve the wet skid resistance of rubber composites for tire tread while decreasing the rolling resistance is very important for both rubber researchers and industry. The irradiation-vulcanized elastomer particles, ultrafine fully-vulcanized powder nitrile butadiene rubber (UFPNBR), having the diameter of about 80 nm, were studied on modifying the dynamic mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber/natural rubber (SBR/NR) composites for tire tread. It is notable that the UFPNBR particles can improve the tanδ values of SBR/NR composites in a temperature range from −10 to 20 °C and decrease the tanδ values in the temperature range from 50 to 70 °C simultaneously, which indicates that the UFPNBR particles not only can improve the wet skid resistance but also can reduce the rolling resistance of the SBR/NR composites. On the other hand, the UFPNBR-modified SBR/NR composites also have good dynamic properties for safety operation of tires at high temperature and good tensile strength, tear strength, and fatigue properties in the range of 8 phr UFPNBR loadings.

INFLUENCES OF THE COMPATIBILITY OF NR/SSBR AND PHASE-SELECTIVE DISTRIBUTION OF SILICA ON ITS STATIC AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 000-000
Author(s):  
Qing-Yuan Han ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Yu-Chun Li ◽  
You-Ping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bound Rubber ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Wet Skid Resistance

ABSTRACT The compatibility between solution polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR 2466) and natural rubber (NR) is characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The single glass transition in the entire temperature range of all NR/SSBR blends and good correlation between Tg and SSBR fraction prove the excellent compatibility between SSBR 2466 and NR. With increasing SSBR content, a reduced Payne effect, more homogeneous dispersion of silica, stronger rubber–filler interaction, and more silica selectively distributed in the SSBR phase were determined via rubber-processing analysis, transmission electron microscopy, bound rubber, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The high vinyl content, low styrene content, and end-functionalized structure of SSBR play vital roles in promoting its compatibility with NR and a stronger rubber–silica linkage. The resulting increased tan δ at 0 °C and low tan δ at 60 °C indicates good wet-skid resistance and low rolling resistance by blending SSBR 2466, and 70/30 NR/SSBR is the best balance for producing a “green tire” tread.

scholarly journals Preparation and Performance of Silica/ESBR Nanocomposites Modified by Bio-Based Dibutyl Itaconate

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Ji ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Liwei Li ◽  
Xinxin Zhou ◽  
Lan Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Modified Silica ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Hydroxy Groups ◽  
Wet Skid Resistance

Ester-functionalized styrene-butadiene rubber (dibutyl itaconate-styrene-butadiene rubber) (D-ESBR) was synthesized by low-temperature emulsion polymerization using dibutyl itaconate (DBI) as a modified monomer containing ester groups. Nonpetroleum-based silica with hydroxy groups was used as a filler to enhance the D-ESBR, which can provide excellent mechanical properties, low rolling resistance, and high wet skid resistance. During the preparation of the silica/D-ESBR nanocomposites, a hydrogen-bonding interface was formed between the hydroxy groups on the surface of silica and the ester groups in the D-ESBR macromolecules. As the content of ester groups in the D-ESBR increases, the dispersion of silica in the nanocomposites is gradually improved, which was verified by rubber process analyzer (RPA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Overall mechanical properties of the silica/D-ESBR modified with 5 wt % DBI were improved and became superior to that of the non-modified nanocomposite. Compared with the non-modified silica/D-ESBR, the DBI modified silica/D-ESBR exhibited a lower tan δ value at 60 °C and comparable tan δ value at 0 °C, indicating that the DBI modified silica/D-ESBR had lower rolling resistance without sacrificing wet skid resistance.

scholarly journals Influence of Eco-Friendly Processing Aids on Silica-Based Rubber Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7244
Author(s):  
Sung Ho Song
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Processing Aids

As eco-friendly “green tires” are being developed in the tire industry, conventionally used carbon black is being replaced with silica in rubber compounds. Generally, as a lubricant and dispersing agent, processing aids containing zinc ions have been employed as additives. However, as zinc is a heavy metal, alternative eco-friendly processing aids are required to satisfy worldwide environmental concerns. Furthermore, non-toxic, degradable, and renewable processing aids are required to improve the mechanical properties of the rubber composites. In this study, we evaluated the effects of diverse silica-based processing aids containing hydrocarbon, benzene, and hydroxyl functional groups on the mechanical properties of rubber composites. Among them, rubber composites that used amphiphilic terpene phenol resin (TPR) with hydrophilic silica showed compatibility with the hydrophobic rubber matrix and were revealed to improve the mechanical and fatigue properties. Furthermore, owing to the enhanced dispersion of silica in the rubber matrix, the TPR/styrene butadiene rubber composites exhibited enhanced wet grip and rolling resistance. These results indicated that TPR had multifunctional effects at low levels and has the potential for use as a processing aid in silica-based rubber composites in tire engineering applications.

scholarly journals Maleic Anhydride Modified Dicyclopentadiene Resin for Improving Wet Skid Resistance of Silica Filled SSBR/BR Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 4478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoming Huang ◽  
Qiwei Pan ◽  
Zhaohui Chen ◽  
Kunhao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Maximum Enhancement ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Wet Skid Resistance

As commercial rubber in tires, silica-filled solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber/butadiene rubber (SSBR/BR) compounds exhibited preferable wet skid resistance (WSR) properties, which could be further enhanced by the incorporation of some oligomeric resins. However, the untreated dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) resin shows a slight improvement in wet friction even if the good compatibility between DCPD and SBR owing to their common cyclic structures. For this problem to be addressed, we aimed to enhance its resin-silica interaction by reaction with maleic anhydride (MAH). In detail, the effect of MAH content on WSR, curing characteristics, physical-mechanical properties of the silica-filled SSBR/BR composites was investigated. When the MAH content is 4 wt% in the modified DCPD resin, the maximum enhancement of about 15% in tan δ values at 0 °C, as well as that of 17% in British pendulum skidding tester (BPST) index is obtained, indicating a desirable improvement in WSR. In addition of these two commonly used methods, water contact angles of the vulcanizates increase gradually with increasing MAH content, further confirming the remarkable performance of modified DCPD resin in WSR.

CORRELATION OF FILLER NETWORKING WITH REINFORCEMENT AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SSBR/CARBON BLACK/SILICA COMPOSITES

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wengjiang Feng ◽  
Zhenghai Tang ◽  
Peijin Weng ◽  
Baochun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Filler Network ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

ABSTRACT The use of silica to partially replace carbon black is a common practice in the fabrication of “green tires.” Although some degree of consensus has been approached concerning the improved performance conferred by silica substitution, such as the improved dispersion of carbon black, a quantitative understanding of the relationship between filler networking and the performance of rubber composites has not been established. Thus, an investigation focusing on filler network structure and the correlation between the network structure and the reinforcement of rubber composites was conducted. We prepared solution-polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR) reinforced by carbon black and carbon black/silica in different ratios. To exclude as much of the effect from changed crosslinking, and figure out how filler blending influences filler dispersion and filler network structure, the silane generally used in the tire industry was not adopted. The quantitative predictor, the mass fractal dimension df, was derived from the Kraus model and the Huber–Vilgis model. We found that when the amount of substituted silica increases, the filler cluster branching decreases, accompanied by increased reinforcement efficiency. The depressed filler networking induced by silica substitution at an appropriate proportion leads to improved dynamic properties, including lower rolling resistance and better wet skid. When the silica proportion in the filler is too high, severe filler networking is observed, resulting in decreased reinforcing efficiency and impaired dynamic properties.

Effect of Carbon Black Structures towards Heat Build-Up Measurements and its Dynamic Properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 1134 ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ismail Rifdi Rizuan ◽  
Mohammad Azizol Abdul Wahab ◽  
Ahmad Zafir Romli
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Heat Build Up ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different carbon black structures towards heat build-up measurements and its dynamic properties such as tangent delta, loss modulus and storage modulus on the industrial rubber compounds containing Natural Rubber (NR) and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR). Different carbon black structures were used and characterised with respect to their rheological and physical properties. Heat Build-up test is a testing procedure which is used to measure the rate of heat generated by the rubber vulcanisates when subjected to rapidly oscillating compressive stresses or strain under controlled conditions. It was found that NR compound containing low and high carbon black structures; N375 and N339 produced lower heat generation compared to NR/SBR blends that filled with the same type of carbon black fillers. It shows that NR with low and high carbon black structures exhibits low heat build-up (surface and intrinsic) with a balance of good traction and low rolling resistance for application in tyre.

scholarly journals Effect of Graphene Oxide Modified with Organic Amine on the Aging Resistance, Rolling Loss and Wet-Skid Resistance of Solution Polymerized Styrene-Butadiene Rubber

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Songhan Wan ◽  
Xiaobin Lu ◽  
Hongguo Zhao ◽  
Songbo Chen ◽  
Shuwei Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Aging Resistance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Wet Skid Resistance

Graphene oxide (GO) was modified by p-phenylenediamine (PPD), aiming at improving the wet-skid resistance and reduce the rolling loss of solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR). PPD with amino groups enabled GO to obtain anti-aging function. The structure of modified GO (PPD-GO) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Mechanical tests showed that the mechanical properties of SSBR before and after aging were improved by adding PPD-GO. The results of thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimeter synchronization analysis (TGA-DSC) indicated that SSBR/PPD-GO obtained good thermo-oxidative stability. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of SSBR composites showed that the mechanical loss factor (tanδ) peak moved to high temperature with the content of PPD-GO. The tanδ values of SSBR composites showed that it had a good effect on improving the wet-skid resistance and reducing the rolling loss of SSBR by adjusting the content of PPD-GO. In particular, with the addition of 4 phr GO, SSBR was effectively improved in mechanical properties, aging resistance, wet-skid resistance and low rolling loss.

Novel modification of styrene butadiene rubber/acrylic rubber blends to improve mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and swelling behavior for oil sealing applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110313
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel-Hakim ◽  
Soma A el-Mogy ◽  
Ahmed I Abou-Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Oil Resistance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Blending of rubber is an important route to modify properties of individual elastomeric components in order to obtain optimum chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. In this study, a novel modification of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is made by employing acrylic rubber (ACM) to obtain blends of outstanding mechanical, dynamic, and oil resistance properties. In order to achieve those properties, we used a unique vulcanizing system that improves the crosslink density between both polymers and enhances the dynamic mechanical properties as well as its resistance to both motor and break oils. Static mechanical measurements, tensile strength, elongation at break, and hardness are improved together with dynamic mechanical properties investigated using dynamic mechanical analyses. We also proposed a mechanism for the improvement of crosslink density and consequently oil resistance properties. This opens new opportunities for using SBR/ACM blends in oil sealing applications that requires rigorous mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties.

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