A simulation study on the performance of the sign test, Mann-Whitney test, Hodges-Lehmann estimator and control charts for Normal and Weibull data

Musa x paradisiaca L. leaves are known to contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and other compounds that can be used as larvicides. This study aims to determine the effect of Musa x paradisiaca L leaves’ ethanol extract granules on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. The Research was experimental in two stages of effectiveness testing, that are extract and granule formula effectiveness test. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. The extraction method used was maceration using 96% ethanol. The concentration of the extract dosage used were 0.2; 0.5; 1; 2; and 4%, with control (+) temephos and control (-). Repetitions were carried out 3 times with a sample total of 675 larvae. Observations were made for 12 and 24 hours. Preparation of granules using 2 formulas, formula 1 granules without extract and formula 2 granules with the extract. To fulfill the granule formulation criteria, the preparation was evaluated. The results showed that the concentration of 4% extract was the most effective at 98.7%, as stated by the Kruskal-Wallis test result,p-value <0.05, which means that there was an effect on the effectiveness of larvicide. The percentage of mortality of larvae given formula 2 is 100% and based on the Mann-Whitney test with value p<0.05, there is a difference between granule 1 and 2 formula. Criteria of granule including moisture content (1.72 %), angle of rest 240, flow velocity (50 gr/sec), and dispersion time (2.25 minutes). The granular formula of Musa x paradisiaca L leaves can make the application easier and hopefully can be used as effectively as synthetic larvicide in the community.

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EFFECT OF ACUPRESSURE THERAPY POINT LI 4, SP 6, AND BL 60 ON DURATION OF THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOR IN PRIMIGRAVIDA AND NEWBORN’S APGAR SCORE

Belitung Nursing Journal ◽

10.33546/bnj.294 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 697-701

Author(s):

Fara Imelda Theresia Patty ◽

Suhartono Suhartono ◽

Ngadiyono Ngadiyono ◽

Mardiyono Mardiyono

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Center ◽

Apgar Score ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

First Stage Of Labor

Background: The prolonged partus is one of the causes of maternal deaths marked by the slow progress of labor. Induction of labor and caesarean section is a common procedure performed on long-term partus events to end pregnancy. The birth acupressure technique is a complementary method to activate the hormone oxytocin at a certain point to use to soften the cervix and increase contraction.Objective: To examine the effect of acupressure point LI4, SP6 and BL60 on the duration of the first stage of labor and APGAR Score of newborn in primigravida.Methods: This research employed a Quasy experimental study with posttest control group design. It was conducted at the Public Health Center of Trauma and Public Health Center of Palaran Samarinda, East Kalimantan. There were 40 respondents selected using purposive sampling, which 20 respondents assigned in the experiment and control group. The duration of the first stage of labor was assessed using partograph and APGAR Score was assessed using APGAR Score assessment sheets. Mann Whitney test was used for data analysisResults: Findings showed that the duration of the first stage of labor in the experiment group was 187 minutes and in the control group was 307 minutes. Mann Whitney test obtained p-value 0.001 (<0.05), which indicated that there was a statistically significant difference of the duration of the first stage of labor between both groups. However, Mann Whitney test for APGAR score showed p-value 0.114 (>0.05), which indicated that there was no significant difference of APGAR score in the experiment and control group.Conclusion: There was a significant effect of acupressure on the duration of the first stage of labor, but no effect of the APGAR score. Therefore, acupressure may be recommended to shorten the duration of the first stage of delivery in primigravida.

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METACOGNITIVE STRATEGY AND STUDENT’S READING COMPREHENSION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AT SMK N 1 KOTA BENGKULU

Journal of English Education and Teaching ◽

10.33369/jeet.2.3.62-71 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 62-71

Author(s):

Herlina Syafrianti ◽

Bambang Suwarno ◽

Elfrida .

Keyword(s):

Reading Comprehension ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Metacognitive Strategy ◽

Control Group ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

This research aimed to know the effect of using metacognitive strategy towards student’s reading comprehension. The design was quasi-experimental. The sample consists of 69 students in two classes. The instrument consists of reading test which was tried out. The treatment for the experiment group was metacognitive strategy and for the control group was the strategy that the teacher use in the class. The data were collected through pre-test and post-test. The activity in the classroom during six meetings, two meetings for pre-test and post-test and four meetings for teaching in the classroom. The data was analyzed by The Wilcoxon Test and The Mann-Whitney Test. The Wilcoxon Test for the control group showed that there was no significant difference between pre-test and post-test. The Wilcoxon test for the experiment group showed that there was significant difference between pre-test and post-test. The Mann-Whitney test for pre-test showed that there was no significant difference between experiment and control class. The Mann-Whitney test for post-test showed that there was significant difference between experiment and control class. Finding of the research showed that, there was significant difference between pre-test and post-test for the experiment class and there was significant differece between experiment and control class for post-test result. This result indicated that there was an effect of metacognitive strategy towards student’s reading comprehension

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On Neutral Responses (Zeros) in the Sign Test and Ties in the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney Test

The American Statistician ◽

10.1198/000313001750358554 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 96-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ronald H Randles

Keyword(s):

Sign Test ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test

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The Combination of Softball Handling Exercise and ROM Increases Upper Extremity Muscle Strength in Non-Haemoragic Stroke Patients

JENDELA NURSING JOURNAL ◽

10.31983/jnj.v4i1.4666 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 29-37

Author(s):

Ade Lestiani Limaretha ◽

Mugi Hartoyo ◽

Syamsul Arif

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test ◽

And Control

Background: Stroke is a brain tissues damage caused by blood supply disruption to the brain. Effects that often occurs in stroke patients is weakness in one side of the body, such as the upper extremity. Exercises to stimulate muscle hands strength can be a combination softball handling exercise and ROM. Purpose: This research aims to determine the effect of a combination softball handling exercise and ROM on muscle strength in non haemoragic stroke patients at Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang Hospital.Methods: Type of research is Quasi Experiment with a non-rondomised control group pre-post test design. There were 32 respondents including in this research using purposive sampling to select the sample. The research data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test to determine the effect on the intervention group and control group, then tested using the Mann Whitney test to determine the effectiveness difference between a intervention group and control group.Results: the Wilcoxon Test showed that there was an effect of a combination softball handlingand ROM on muscle strength in non haemoragic stroke patients (p value 0.000), and there was an effect on the control group without intervention (p value 0.003). While the Mann Whitney test showed that the combination group was more effective in increasing the muscle strength p value = 0.001 (0.05).Conclusion: There is the effect of a combination of softball handling exercise and ROM on the strength of the extremity muscles over non haemoragic stroke pastients.

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MENINGKATKAN KECERDASAN LOGIS MATEMATIS PADA KELOMPOK B ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DADU ANGKA PADA KELOMPOK B

CERIA (Cerdas Energik Responsif Inovatif Adaptif) ◽

10.22460/ceria.v2i6.p347-353 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 347

Author(s):

Ajeng Nisa ◽

Yanti Mustika Oktavianti ◽

Agus Sumitra

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Group Design ◽

Normality Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Equivalent Control ◽

And Control ◽

Normally Distributed

Intelligence for young children is very important for themselves and their social development, because if the intelligence of children develops well, it will be easier for them to get along with creating new things. Besides learning media has a very important role in the learning process. Media that can improve mathematical logical intelligence in children, one of them is the dice numbers. Based on observations shows that the logical-mathematical intelligence of students is still low. This study uses a quasi-experimental method using a non-equivalent control group design. Based on the calculation of the experimental class normality test that is 0.044 <0.05, so the data are declared not normally distributed. While in the control class the result is 0.200> 0.05, until the data are declared normally distributed. Therefore, because one class is declared not normally distributed, the data will be processed using the Mann Whitney test. The results of the Mann Whitney test in the experimental and control classes were 0.001 <0.05. So the conclusion is dice media can improve mathematical logical intelligence.Kecerdasan untuk anak usia dini sangat berperan penting bagi dirinya maupun perkembangan sosialnya, karena jika kecerdasan anak berkembang dengan baik maka akan memudahkan mereka bergaul juga menciptakan hal-hal baru. Selain itu media pembelajaran memiliki peranan sangat penting pada proses belajar. Media yang dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan logis matematis pada anak, salah satunya yaitu dadu angka. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, kecerdasan logis-matematis peserta didik masih tergolong rendah. Penelitian ini memakai metode kuasi eksperimen serta memakai desain kelompok kontrol non-ekuivalen (the nonequivalent control group design). Berdasarkan perhitungan uji normalitas kelas eksperimen yakni 0.044 < 0.05, sehingga data dinyatakan tidak berdistribusi normal. Sedangkan di kelas kontrol hasilnya adalah 0.200 > 0.05, hingga data dinyatakan berdistribusi normal. Oleh sebab itu karena salah satu kelas dinyatakan tidak berdistribusi normal, data akan diolah memakai uji Mann Whitney. Hasil dari postes Mann whitney di kelas eksperimen serta kontrol adalah 0.001 < 0.05. Jadi kesimpulannya media dadu angka dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan logis matematis.

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The Effect of Hypnotherapy using Induction Hanung Technique on the Level of Cigarette Dependence and Carbon Monoxide in Exhaled Breath among Active Smokers

Holistic Nursing and Health Science ◽

10.14710/hnhs.1.1.2018.12-23 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Margiyati Margiyati ◽

Meidiana Dwidiyanti ◽

Diyan Yuli Wijayanti

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Nursing Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cigarette Dependence ◽

And Control

Background: Smoking is a habit that causes many health problems. Nicotine substances in cigarettes cause addiction and carbon monoxide inhaled is poisonous. Hypnotherapy using induction hanung technique is an alternative which can be used to change someone’s smoking behaviors. This therapy is performed by giving hypnotic suggestions combined with a massage at acupuncture points of neguan, yintang, and taiyang. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of hypnotherapy using induction hanung technique on the level of cigarette dependence and carbon monoxide in exhaled breath among active smokers in Kesdam IV/ Diponegoro College of Nursing, Semarang.Methods: The present study employed a true-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 40 students were recruited as samples and randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=20) and control group (n=20). The intervention in the form of hypnotherapy using induction hanung technique was given for six times in two weeks. The instruments used were Fagerstorm Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and smokerlyzer. Data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test and independent t-test.Results: The results showed a decrease in the score of cigarette dependence level in the intervention group by 1.25 after the intervention was given with pretest mean value of 1.45 (SD=1.132). The result of Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in the cigarette dependence score between the intervention and control groups with a pvalue of 0.028. The level of carbon monoxide in the exhaled breath also decreased by 8.80 ppm after the intervention from the pretest mean values of 12.55 (SD=6.669). The independent sample t-test result also showed a significant difference in the carbon monoxide level between the two groups with a p-value of 0.000.Conclusion: The present findings showed that hypnotherapy using induction hanung technique affected the level of cigarette dependence and carbon monoxide in exhaled breath among the active smokers. Based on the findings, this therapy is recommended as an alternative to nursing intervention for the smoking cessation programs.

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METACOGNITIVE STRATEGY AND STUDENT’S READING COMPREHENSION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AT SMK N 1 KOTA BENGKULU

Journal of English Education and Teaching ◽

10.33369/jeet.2.2.58-67 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 58-67

Author(s):

Herlina Syafrianti ◽

Bambang Suwarno ◽

Elfrida .

Keyword(s):

Reading Comprehension ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Metacognitive Strategy ◽

Control Group ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

This research aimed to know the effect of using metacognitive strategy towards student’s reading comprehension. The design was quasi-experimental. The sample consists of 69 students in two classes. The instrument consists of reading test which was tried out. The treatment for the experiment group was metacognitive strategy and for the control group was the strategy that the teacher use in the class. The data were collected through pre-test and post-test. The activity in the classroom during six meetings, two meetings for pre-test and post-test and four meetings for teaching in the classroom. The data was analyzed by The Wilcoxon Test and The Mann-Whitney Test. The Wilcoxon Test for the control group showed that there was no significant difference between pre-test and post-test. The Wilcoxon test for the experiment group showed that there was significant difference between pre-test and post-test. The Mann-Whitney test for pre-test showed that there was no significant difference between experiment and control class. The Mann-Whitney test for post-test showed that there was significant difference between experiment and control class. Finding of the research showed that, there was significant difference between pre-test and post-test for the experiment class and there was significant differece between experiment and control class for post-test result. This result indicated that there was an effect of metacognitive strategy towards student’s reading comprehension.

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Study of Flebogrif®—A New Tool for Mechanical Sclerotherapy—Effectiveness Assessment Based on Animal Model

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11020544 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 544

Author(s):

Zbigniew Rybak ◽

Maciej Janeczek ◽

Maciej Dobrzynski ◽

Marta Wujczyk ◽

Albert Czerski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Varicose Veins ◽

Parametric Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Vein Wall ◽

New Device ◽

Whitney Test ◽

Mann Whitney Test ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

Sclerotherapy is the chemical occlusion of vessels using an intravenous injection of a liquid or foamed sclerosing agent that is used in the therapy of blood and lymphatic vessels malformations in the young, and for spider veins, smaller varicose veins, hemorrhoids and hydroceles in adults. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mechanosclerotherapy of venous veins with a new device—Flebogrif®—based on an animal model. The experiment was performed on nine Polish Merino sheep weighing 40–50 kilograms. The animals were anesthetized intravenously. The material was divided into three groups: two experimental (1 and 2) and control (3) group. The first experimental group was treated with the use of Flebogrif® and a sclerosant simultaneously, while only Flebogrif® was used in the second experimental group. Flebogrif® was applied into the lateral saphenous vein of both pelvic limbs. The vessel wall thickness was estimated at four points of the histological image in mm (V1, V2, V3, V4). For one month, the animals were euthanized, and the occlusion rate of the treated veins and changes in the vein wall were determined. Histological slides were analyzed under a light microscope and histometry of the vein wall was performed. The Shapiro–Wilk test and the quantity of the investigated parameter groups allowed for using a non-parametric method at four points to compare thickness measurements (the Mann–Whitney test), with p < 0.05. The Mann–Whitney test indicated statistically significant differences between both experimental groups. The results obtained from morphometrical and histological analysis showed better results in the first experimental group than those of the second experimental group. Finally, statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the both the experimental group and control group in morphological analysis. The achieved results allowed us to conclude that the simultaneous use of Flebogrif® and a sclerosant yielded better results of vein lumen reduction than the use of Flebogrif® alone.

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