scholarly journals Presumed topography of basal ganglion: Derived from TRODAT images in a case of hemorrhagic stroke complicated with asymmetrical cogwheel rigidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Yin Chen ◽  
◽  
Yu-Li Chiu ◽  
Yuan-Ling Chang ◽  
Ruei-Sian Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglion ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Lesion Site ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Dopamine Transport ◽  
Case Presentations ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Systemic maps of basal ganglion lesion corresponding to clinical symptoms are lacking at present. Only the framework of functional domains in striatum was presumed. We present a case with asymmetrical cogwheel rigidity which is related to the lesion site of the basal ganglion in his functional brain image. Case presentations: A 50-year-old male who suffered from subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracranial hemorrhage presented with upper limbs cogwheel rigidity. The symptom was more severe in the right side than the left side. Dopamine transport images revealed bilateral decreased dopamine transporter binding capacity in bilateral striatum. In left striatum, decreased uptake in dorsal region is more severe than ventral region. Cogwheel rigidity was mildly improved after use of pramipexole. Conclusions: This case report suggests that asymmetrical cogwheel rigidity is linked to the lesion site of the basal ganglion. Topography exists in the striatum and is related to dysfunctional site of parkinsonism. Keywords: cogwheel rigidity; asymmetrical cogwheel rigidity; parkinsonism; basal ganglion; topography

scholarly journals Overview of The Head CT-Scan in Stroke Patients who was Treated at Muhammadiyah Hospital Palembang

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Pratrisna Yusastra ◽  
Indriyani Indriyani ◽  
Budi Utama
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Thalamic Lesion ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
The Right

Background: Stroke is a collection of symptoms of neurological deficits due to sudden acute disturbance of brain function, both focal and global, caused by blockage or rupture of arteries and veins and proven by imaging and/or reflex pathology. Using CT-Scan, the description of acute phase stroke can be easier and can determine the appropriate treatment criteria for stroke. Purposes: To determine characteristic Head CT-Scan image of stroke patients hospitalized in Muhammadiyah Palembang Hospital. Methods: This study was conducted in a retrospective descriptive manner and obtained a sample of 41 stroke patients according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria using total sampling. Result: In this study, there were 28 patients (68.2%) with ischemic stroke and 13 patients (31.7%) with hemorrhagic stroke. Head CT-Scan image of ischemic stroke shows basal ganglia lesion (28.5%) and the right hemisphere lesions (57.1%) as the most predominant area. Head CT-Scan image of hemorrhagic stroke (58.3%) had intracerebral hemorrhage with the dominant thalamic lesion area (66.6%) and the right hemisphere (58.3%) had the most lesions with 8 patients (66, 6%) had a midline shift. Stroke patients were treated as experienced by the elderly (90.2%) and were dominated by the female sex (63.4%) and are dominated by clinical symptoms of hemiparesis (29.2%). Conclusion: Stroke patients at Muhammadiyah Palembang hospital dominated by ischemic stroke and on head CT Scan image predominantly shows lesions on the right cerebral hemisphere.

Off-Pump Supraarterial Decompression Myotomy for Myocardial Bridging

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mersa M. Baryalei ◽  
Theodorus Tirilomis ◽  
Wolfgang Buhre ◽  
Stephan Kazmaier ◽  
Friedrich A. Schoendube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Myocardial Bridging ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Hemodynamic Compromise ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Right

Background: Myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery may result in clinical symptoms. Surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a therapeutic option with considerable risk. We hypothesized that off-pump supraarterial myotomy could be an effective treatment modality. Methods: Between October 1998 and May 2000, 13 patients were referred for surgery. All were symptomatic despite medical therapy. Anteroseptal ischemia had been proven by thallium scintigraphy in all 13 patients, exercise testing was positive in 11. All patients were operated on with an off-pump approach after median sternotomy. Results: Mean patient age was 61 8 years (range, 43-71 years). Coronary artery disease mandating additional bypasses was present in 3 patients. The bypasses were done off pump in 2 patients. Conversion to on-pump surgery was necessary in 3 of 13 patients (23%) because of hemodynamic compromise (1 patient), opening of the right ventricle (1 patient), and injury to the LAD (1 patient). Supraarterial myotomy was performed in all patients. One patient who underwent surgery with CPB developed postoperative anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Postoperative exercise testing was performed in all patients and did not reveal any persistent ischemia. Mortality was 0%. All patients were free from symptoms and had not undergone repeat interventions after an average of 51 7 months of follow-up. Conclusions: Off-pump supraarterial myotomy effectively relieves coronary obstruction but has a certain periprocedural risk as evidenced by 1 myocardial infarction, 1 right ventricular injury, and 1 LAD injury. Long-term freedom from symptoms and from reintervention favor further investigation of this surgical therapy.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Liver Cancer Patients in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within January 2013 until December 2014 Period

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad R. Permadi ◽  
Hana Ratnawati ◽  
Teresa L. Wargasetia
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Key Words Liver Cancer ◽  
Liver Cancer Patient ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Right

Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Indonesia. This research is to find out the prevalence and characteristics of liver cancer patients in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within the January 2013 until December 2014 period based on age, gender, clinical symptoms and predilections. This study was a descriptive verificative research with data retrieval of patients medical records that have been diagnosed with liver cancer that were hospitalized in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within January 2013 until December 2014 period. The study showed that the liver cancer patient prevalence in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within the period of January 2013 until December 2014 was 46 people. Characteristics of liver cancer patients in Immanuel Hospital Bandung within January 2013 until December 2014 period showed that the most liver cancer patients were male, compare with female with ratio 4:1, the most common age group of 56-65 years old, the most common clinical symptoms were abdominal pain with or without reffered pain to the right scapular bone and the most common predilection was right lobe of the liver. Key words: liver cancer, patients' characteristics, prevalence 

scholarly journals A case report of unilateral conductive hearing loss as a consequence of malignant sinonasal melanoma: the importance of completing a full clinical history and examination

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Blackabey ◽  
Olivia Kenyon ◽  
Rishi Talwar
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Histological Diagnosis ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Sinonasal melanoma is a rare head and neck tumour. It is associated with a poor prognosis, high rates of loco-regional recurrence and distant metastasis. Treatment of the disease is therefore complicated, and because of limited data regarding the cancer, management is frequently tailored to the individual patient. We describe an unusual presentation of sinonasal melanoma with relevant histology, radiology and clinical photography. Case presentation The case report describes the presentation of a 64-year-old man to the Ear, Nose and Throat department with progressive right-sided hearing loss. A thorough history highlighted other clinical symptoms including unilateral nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Clinical examination showed a right middle ear effusion with a polypoidal lesion in the right nasal cavity. Relevant imaging demonstrated a destructive process that required further assessment. An endoscopic sinus procedure was performed to obtain histological diagnosis as well as providing symptomatic relief. Histology confirmed malignant mucosal melanoma. The patient underwent maxillectomy and orbital exenteration (due to further progression of disease) at a tertiary centre with a plan for subsequent immunotherapy. This however has been delayed due to further surgery to excise a metastatic lesion to the right femur. Conclusions This case report highlights the importance of a thorough clinical history and examination. An unusual presentation of a sinonasal tumour can easily be missed leading to a significant delay in treatment. The case report also describes the use of functional endoscopic sinus surgery in order to obtain histological diagnosis and to debulk the tumour, providing symptomatic relief. The current literature regarding management will be discussed as well as current developments guiding future treatment.

Myiasis in Bufo regularis caused by a Tabanid Larva

Parasitology ◽  
1924 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
Edward Hindle
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Cylindrical Structure ◽  
The Right

In December, 1922, whilst dissecting a large female example of Bufo regularis, one of my students noticed a cylindrical structure extending along the ventral region of the body-cavity. A careful examination showed that this structure consisted of an elongated sac-like diverticulum of the right lung, containing an almost full-grown specimen of a dipterous larva, which could be seen through the membraneous wall of the diverticulum. The base of the latter, in addition to its point of origin from the lung, was also connected to the dorsal surface of the liver by strands of fibrous tissue, suggesting that the growth had been in existence some considerable time in order to cause such adhesions. Posteriorly, the diverticulum hung freely in the body cavity and extended to the extreme hinder end. Its dimensions were 5·5 cm. in length, by 0·5 cm. in diameter, but tapering towards each extremity.

scholarly journals High glucose and insulin in combination cause insulin receptor substrate-1 and -2 depletion and protein kinase B desensitisation in primary cultured rat adipocytes: possible implications for insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes

2003 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Buren ◽  
HX Liu ◽  
J Lauritz ◽  
JW Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Rat Adipocytes ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
High Insulin ◽  
The Right

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cellular effects of long-term exposure to high insulin and glucose levels on glucose transport and insulin signalling proteins. DESIGN AND METHODS: Rat adipocytes were cultured for 24 h in different glucose concentrations with 10(4) microU/ml of insulin or without insulin. After washing, (125)I-insulin binding, basal and acutely insulin-stimulated d-[(14)C]glucose uptake, and insulin signalling proteins and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) were assessed. RESULTS: High glucose (15 and 25 mmol/l) for 24 h induced a decrease in basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake compared with control cells incubated in low glucose (5 or 10 mmol/l). Twenty-four hours of insulin treatment decreased insulin binding capacity by approximately 40%, and shifted the dose-response curve for insulin's acute effect on glucose uptake 2- to 3-fold to the right. Twenty-four hours of insulin treatment reduced basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake only in the presence of high glucose (by approximately 30-50%). At high glucose, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) expression was downregulated by approximately 20-50%, whereas IRS-2 was strongly upregulated by glucose levels of 10 mmol/l or more (by 100-400%). Insulin treatment amplified the suppression of IRS-1 when combined with high glucose and also IRS-2 expression was almost abolished. Twenty-four hours of treatment with high glucose or insulin, alone or in combination, shifted the dose-response curve for insulin's effect to acutely phosphorylate protein kinase B (PKB) to the right. Fifteen mmol/l glucose increased GLUT4 in cellular membranes (by approximately 140%) compared with 5 mmol/l but this was prevented by a high insulin concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to high glucose per se decreases IRS-1 but increases IRS-2 content in rat adipocytes and it impairs glucose transport capacity. Treatment with high insulin downregulates insulin binding capacity and, when combined with high glucose, it produces a marked depletion of IRS-1 and -2 content together with an impaired sensitivity to insulin stimulation of PKB activity. These mechanisms may potentially contribute to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.

Autonomic response after hemorrhagic stroke in the right insular cortex: What is the common pathophysiology in rat and human?; Reply

2021 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 102772
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ribeiro Marins ◽  
Marcelo Limborço-Filho ◽  
Carlos Henrique Xavier ◽  
Silvia Guatimosim ◽  
Marco Antônio Peliky Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

ANOMALIES OF THE PULMONARY VEINS AND THEIR SURGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-166
Author(s):  
HARRY G. PARSONS ◽  
ANN PURDY ◽  
BRUCE JESSUP
Keyword(s):  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Surgical Measures ◽  
The Right

The successful operations upon abnormalities of the outflow tracts of the heart suggest that surgical measures may also be applied to the correction of abnormal inflow tracts. Technically the anastomosis of veins to the auricle has been proved feasible in the experimental animal. Therefore, it should be possible to correct abnormally placed pulmonary veins in man. A wide variety of such anomalies occur. In 55 of 136 reported cases, all the oxygenated blood from the lungs was returned to the right heart through anomalous vessels. Thirty-five per cent of these cases of complete diversion were accompanied by other major cardiac defects. It is estimated that 50% or more of the return flow from the lungs must reach the right heart to produce clinical symptoms. Two cases are presented of persistence of the left superior vena cava which transmitted all the freshly oxygenated blood to the right auricle, by way of the left innominate and the right superior vena cava. The clinical picture was that of growth retardation, minimal cyanosis, a huge hyperactive heart, a loud left mesocardial systolic murmur, pulsating shadows in both upper pulmonary fields, and nearly identical oxygen-saturation of blood obtained from the right heart and femoral artery. One case is reported in which all the oxygenated blood from the lungs is carried to the right auricle by way of the ductus venosus. Surgical correction of the abnormality of these cases by transplantation of one or more of the veins would have been possible. However, no case known to the authors has yet been successfully corrected.

scholarly journals Extrusion of Root Canal Sealer in Periapical Tissues - Report of Two Cases with Different Treatment Management and Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athina Dalopoulou ◽  
Nikolaos Economides ◽  
Vasilis Evangelidis
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Complete Healing ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Periapical Lesion ◽  
Root Canal Sealer ◽  
Treatment Management ◽  
Retrograde Filling ◽  
Root Canal Retreatment ◽  
The Right

Summary Background: Extrusion of root canal sealers may cause damage to the surrounding anatomic structures. Clinical symptoms like pain, swelling and paresthesia or anesthesia may be present. The purpose of this presentation is to describe two cases of root canal sealer penetration into periapical tissues. A different treatment management was followed in each case. Case reports: A 55 year-old man underwent root canal retreatment of the right mandibular first molar tooth due to a periapical lesion. Postoperative periapical radiographs revealed the presence of root canal sealer (AH26) beyond the apex in the distal root in proximity to the mandibular canal. The patient reported pain for the next 7 days. Radiographic examination after 1 year showed complete healing of the periapical area and a small absorption of the root canal sealer. A 42 year-old woman was referred complained of swelling and pain in the area of the right maxillary first incisor. Radiographic examination showed extrusion of root canal sealer in the periapical area associated with a periapical lesion. Surgical intervention was decided upon, which included removal of the sealer, apicoectomy of the tooth and retrograde filling with MTA. After 1 year, complete healing of the area was observed. Conclusion: In conclusion, cases of root canal sealer extrusion, surgical treatment should be decided on only in association with clinical symptoms or with radiographic evidence of increasing periapical lesion.

scholarly journals Association between altered proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) findings and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia.

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Senair Alberto Ambros ◽  
Paulo Belmonte Abreu ◽  
Eloísa Elena Ferreira ◽  
Pdro Eugenio Ferreira ◽  
Luciana Estacia Ambros
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Disorganized Speech ◽  
The Right

Objective: To assess the metabolic alterations of the thalamus in subjects with schizophrenia compared to healthysubjects and to investigate whether specific schizophrenic symptoms are associated with metabolic alterationsmeasured by 1H MRS. Methods: This is a case-control study including patients with schizophrenia diagnosed usingthe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition, DMS-IV and the Operational CriteriaChecklist for Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT). Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) was used to assessmetabolite concentrations (N-acetylaspartate, choline, creatinine, myoionositol and lactacte) in the left and rightthalamus of 13 patients with schizophrenia and 13 healthy controls. Results: In this study, concentrations ofspecific metabolites in the thalamus, determined by 1H MRS, were similar for individuals with schizophrenia andcontrols. It was observed that cases with family history of schizophrenia and disorganized speech demonstrated areduction in the ratio of the metabolites NAA /Cho in the thalamic nuclei on the right side. However, those withorganized delusions, hallucinations and non-affective auditory hallucinations had an increase of metabolites on theright side compared to the left thalamus. Decreased thalamic metabolic activity in patients with positive symptomswas observed in contrast with those who had well-organized delusions and auditory non-affective hallucinations,core symptoms of schizophrenia. Conclusion: A lateralized thalamic involvement was verified, suggesting thatorganic and genetic factors compromise the right thalamus and that the disorganization associated with delusionsand hallucinations compromises the left thalamic nuclei. Further studies to investigate the correlation betweensymptoms and thalamic dysfunction are warranted. (Rev Neuropsiquiatr 2011;74:183-190)

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