scholarly journals Income and Education as the Determinants of Anti-Corruption Attitudes: Evidence from Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-170
Author(s):  
Anita K. Zonebia ◽  
Arief Anshory Yusuf ◽  
Heriyaldi Heriyaldi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Increasing Returns ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Nonlinear Pattern

A higher level of corruption is found to be associated with a lower level of income in most cross-country studies. However, at any given income level, education can also be a very important determinant of the level of corruption, and failing to include education may bias or overestimate the importance of income. We estimated an empirical model of an individual’s attitude toward anti-corruption using a large sample of 9,020 individuals who represent the Indonesian population and found that the effect of income (measured by expenditure) is either weakened or eliminated when we controlled for the level of education. The effect of education is also found to exhibit a nonlinear pattern, which implies that investing in education will have increasing returns in the form of an anti-corruption attitude. This finding supports the view that increasing access to education is an effective measure to reduce corruption norms, particularly in developing countries.

scholarly journals Inclusão, educação superior e educação do/no campo: o PRONERA no contexto do capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (esp. 2) ◽  
pp. 1068-1092
Author(s):  
Carina Elisabeth Maciel ◽  
Celia Beatriz Piatti ◽  
Gisele da Rocha Souza
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Education ◽  
Education Program ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
National Education ◽  
Land Struggle

This article aims to analyze the National Education Program on Agrarian Reform - PRONERA - as a higher education program that aims at inclusion at this level of education, but that finds resistance in the characteristics of a system that does not allow everyone access to education. This program is identified as State policy that has been maintained for 21 years, through clashes, struggles and demands, in opposition to the logic of plastered rural education, and proposes an emancipating, decolonizing education. The research is of bibliographic and documentary nature and, to subsidize the analyzes made, we resort to authors who reflect on the land struggle and agrarian reform, Rural Education, Alternation Pedagogy, Higher Education, in order to dialogue with Mészaros and Demir on the structural crisis of capital and its implications for rural education, with a focus on PRONERA. It is concluded that the inclusion policies made possible the development of PRONERA, but they maintain the neoliberal logic as structuring of this Program that, having as mentor an ultra-neoliberal government, has its principles shaken by the lack of resources and the prioritization of a privatized and meritocratic.

Inequity in Intergenerational Mobility in Transitional China and Its Dynamics: The Effects of Schooling

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Jinyan ◽  
Chung Yue-ping
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Intergenerational Mobility ◽  
Increasing Returns ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Economic Equality ◽  
Equity In Access ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
Analysis Models ◽  
Transitional China ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In this study, the relationship between schooling and intergenerational mobility was examined by applying regression analysis and path analysis models to the CHNS dataset. It was found that schooling has only small effects on status and economic equality. It was found that stronger, intermediate effects resulted from parents’ transforming advantages attached to their economic, educational and household registration status into advantages for their children. These trends, now growing stronger in transitional China, have resulted from increasing returns to education and increasingly unequal access to education. In order to prevent schooling from contributing to the solidification of economic inequality, equity in access to education must be pursued.

scholarly journals Why Does Misallocation Persist?

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit V. Banerjee ◽  
Benjamin Moll
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Credit Constraints ◽  
Extensive Margin ◽  
Capital Misallocation ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
General Conditions

Recent papers argue that the misallocation of resources can explain large cross-country TFP differences. This argument is underpinned by empirical evidence documenting substantial dispersion in the marginal products of resources, particularly capital, in developing countries. But why does misallocation persists? That is, why don't distortions disappear on their own? This is particularly true for capital misallocation, a point we illustrate in a simple model of capital accumulation with credit constraints. We distinguish between misallocation on the intensive and the extensive margin, and show that the former should disappear asymptotically under general conditions, while the latter may persist. We conclude by discussing possible theories of persistent misallocation. (JEL D24, E22, G31, G32, L26)

Identifying News Consumption, News Avoidance Patterns, and Incidental News Exposure among Jordanians: A Qualitative Study

Glimpse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Ruba Mohd ◽  
Javier Serrano Puche ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Think Aloud Protocol ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Determining Factor

In the world we live in, we encounter news everywhere. Authentic or not, fragmented or complete, audiences are being exposed to vast amounts of information, and it seems impossible to limit news intake, even when we want to. In a recent cross-country research based on data gathered from 35 countries (Toff, Kalogeropoulos et al. .2020), it was found that people avoid the news for factors varying between nations. This paper attempts to look into news consumption and avoidance patterns among Jordanians by posing several questions. Their entry points to news, preferred news mediums, the extent to which they are incidentally exposed to information, consciously or unconsciously, as well as if there were news avoidance patterns amongst them. These questions were explored through examination of a limited number of respondents from different generations, genders, and academic backgrounds and by deploying a Q methodology approach executed through card-sorting exercise with a think-aloud protocol and an in-depth one to one interview. The results indicated that Jordanians use multiple entry points to news, and the majority of them regard social media as a source of news. Neither gender, generation, nor the level of education seems to be a determining factor. The study revealed the existence of news avoidance trends. Education appeared to have no impact on the motives behind them.

The Conceptualization of a Research Model for the Measurement of e-Government 2.0 Readiness in the Developing Countries

2012 ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Yfantis Vasileios ◽  
Abel Usoro ◽  
Tseles Dimitrios
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Acceptance Model ◽  
The Web

This chapter explores the potential of Web 2.0 utilization in developing countries through the concept of e-government. Successful implementation of the Web 2.0 concept has to combine both technological and human factors. Thus, this chapter proposes a conceptual model that will measure e-government 2.0 readiness. The conceptual model is based on a combination of the Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and indexes from the United Nation’s database. South Sudan is used at the end as a brief case study of the potential of e-Government 2.0. Future research should validate the empirical model. Meanwhile, the implications of the model are presented.

A Conceptual Model for the Measurement of E-Government 2.0 Adoption by Developing Countries

2015 ◽  
pp. 239-251
Author(s):  
Yfantis Vasileios ◽  
Abel Usoro ◽  
Tseles Dimitrios
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Social Computing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Acceptance Model

The current work explores the use of social computing as a tool to improve the interactions between the government and other parties. Social computing, which is known as Web 2.0, is applied in the public sector through the concept of e-Government 2.0. This chapter proposes a conceptual model that will measure e-Government 2.0 adoption by combining known information technology theories. The conceptual model is based on a combination of the Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Planned Behavior and indexes from the United Nation's database. Future research should validate the empirical model. Meanwhile, the implications of the model are presented.

Women's Economic Empowerment in the Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
pp. 1159-1174
Author(s):  
Ummu Atiyah Ahmad Zakuan ◽  
Kalthum Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Established Fact

It is an established fact that women's empowerment is primary to the socio-economic and political development of a nation. It will be meaningless, if women that constitute half of the population of the globe do not have access to education, healthcare, employment and political decision making bodies. A nation benefits fully when both men and women contribute rigorously in social cohesion, economic growth, peace and prosperity. Findings from countries and reputable institutions such as World Bank and the United Nations revealed that greater gender equality correlates positively with national economic growth. The World Economic Forum recently reported that across the 135 countries examined, greater gender equality correlates positively with per capita gross national product. Countries with greater equality between women and men have economies that are more competitive and fast growing. Hence, removing barriers on empowering women stimulates economic development. This chapter commences with the meaning of women empowerment followed by the identification of various barriers on women empowerment, and investigation on women economic empowerment in the developing countries. The patriarchal system is also introduced to explain how it influences women empowerment. Finally, this chapter argues that women empowerment in general can only be achieved if the patriarchal system is transformed or reengineered to foster more equality between both groups.

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