scholarly journals Estimation of the Amount of Electrical Energy Available From the Biogas Produced at the Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant in the City of Sokodé

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitale M'Balikine Krou ◽  
Gnon Baba ◽  
Ogouvidé Akpaki
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
The City ◽  
Recoverable Energy ◽  
Faecal Sludge

 The purpose of this study is to estimate the amount of energy produced from biogas at the faecal sludge treatment plant in the city of Sokodé. The methodological approach consisted in producing biogas by co-digestion of faecal sludge with the fermentable fractions of solid waste then in estimating the quantity of energy available from the produced biogas. Tests of co-digestion of faecal sludge and fermentable fractions of solid waste, showed that from 2258 tons/DM of biomass in one year, 44476 m3 of biogas, or 29177 m3 of methane could be produced. The methane content, which is 65.6 %, is a very interesting source of energy. Several techniques for producing energy from biogas exist, one of which is the production of electricity. In this study, it is a question of making the choice of an adequate electric motor which will allow to produce electric energy from the biogas on the faecal sludge treatment plant. Thus, it was necessary to estimate the quantity of energy available from the biogas produced. To do so, it was calculated the quantity of energy that can be produced by the biogas in one year, the quantity of recoverable energy produced in a year and the quantity of energy supplied by biogas in one hour. The results showed that by 2035, the co-digestion of fermentable solid waste and faecal sludge from the city of Sokodé, would produce 534,246 kWh. The recoverable part would be 507,534 kWh and the energy supplied is 58 kWh.

scholarly journals CARACTERISATION PHYSICO-CHIMIQUE ET MICROBIOLOGIQUE DES BOUES DE VIDANGE DESHYDRATEES ET DES DECHETS SOLIDES MENAGERS ORGANIQUES POUR UNE VALORISATION EN COMPOST AGRICOLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. C21A08-1-C21A08-4
Author(s):  
Ouindpouiré Auguste A. Soré ◽  
◽  
Samuel Ouoba
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The City ◽  
Faecal Sludge

In the city of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso, faecal sludge treatment plants suffer from the lack of a process for recovering sludge after drying. Forsolid household waste, the quantities collected are mainly intended fortechnical landfill. Finding a solution for the recovery of Dewatered Faecal Sludge (DFS) and Organic Household Solid Waste (OHSW) is necessary in order to complete the faecal sludge management and solid waste management sectors. Our work aims to make a physico-chemical, microbiological and eco-toxicological study of a compost based on DFS and OHSW in order to propose a methodological approach for the sustainable production of hygienic compost. This article discusses the first step of our research, which consisted in characterizing the DFS at the Zagtouli treatment station as well as the OHSW of waste treatment and recovery center of Ouagadougou in order to identify a suitable recovery channel. To do so, a representative sample was taken from the Zagtouli DFS heap for laboratory analysis. The OHSW sample was obtained from household garbage bins from pre-collection centers in the city of Ouagadougou. The raw characteristics of DFS and OHSW (organic matter, nitrogen, pH, etc.) and their value in mineral elements (calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus) show that these substrates would be ideal for the production of quality compost.

Municipal Solid Waste Management

2016 ◽  
pp. 19-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaison Chatsiwa ◽  
Never Mujere ◽  
Avhatendi Bethania Maiyana
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
The City

The rapid increase in urban population has resulted in poor environmental conditions in urban and peri-urban settlements. In most developing countries, the problem of inefficient municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is endemic. The problem manifests in heaps of uncollected solid waste or ubiquitous illegal dumps on open areas and by the street sides. This paper examines issues of solid waste management practices in the City of Kwekwe in Zimbabwe. It highlights types of waste, its generation, transfer and disposal. A mixed methodological approach including field observations, structured questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews were employed in the gathering of data for the study. The key findings established to be the factors affecting effective solid waste management in the City are irregular solid waste collection, inadequate operational funding, inappropriate technologies, inadequate staffing, lack of knowledge cooperation and knowledge on the part of the residents. Based on the research findings, principles of environmental stewardship need to be promoted in the City.

scholarly journals Energy Integration in Wastewater Treatment Plants by Anaerobic Digestion of Urban Waste: A Process Design and Simulation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Vicentin ◽  
Fernando Fdz-Polanco ◽  
Maria Fdz-Polanco
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Integration

The process simulation performed in the present study aimed at investigating energetically self-sufficient wastewater treatment plant of 500,000 population equivalents. To implement this, three different scenarios were evaluated using computational tools named GPS-X® and SuperPro®. They were designed based on municipal wastes recovery to energy generation and its utilisation within the facility. An anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process for biological treatment of wastewater was considered and mesophilic anaerobic digestion at different scenarios (1) primary sludge (PS) with waste activated sludge (WAS), (2) PS with thermally hydrolysed WAS, and (3) PS with WAS and organic fractions derived from municipal solid waste. The results from scenario 1 and scenario 2 showed only enough thermal energy to meet their demand (they reach only 44 and 52% of electrical self-sufficiency, respectively), while positive net thermal and electrical energy result in scenario 3 from codigestion of sewage sludge and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The main limitation of tools used is their lack of sensitivity to economies of scale and their dependence on real data used for process design to obtain more accurate results.

scholarly journals Strategies for achieving energy neutrality in biological nutrient removal systems – a case study of the Slupsk WWTP (northern Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Zaborowska ◽  
Krzysztof Czerwionka ◽  
Jacek Makinia
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Northern Poland ◽  
The City

The paper presents a model-based evaluation of technological upgrades on the energy and cost balance in a large biological nutrient removal (BNR) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the city of Slupsk (northern Poland). The proposed upgrades include chemically enhanced primary sludge removal and reduction of the nitrogen load in the deammonification process employed for reject water treatment. Simulations enabled to estimate the increased biogas generation and decreased energy consumption for aeration. The proposed upgrades may lead the studied WWTP from the energy deficit to energy neutrality and positive cost balance, while still maintaining the required effluent standards for nitrogen. The operating cost balance depends on the type of applied coagulants/flocculants and specific costs of electric energy. The choice of the coagulant/flocculent was found as the main factor determining a positive cost balance.

Sludge Incineration Process of Kyoto City – The Employment and Heat Balance of the Step Grate Stoker Furnace

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 1763-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomiya Ito
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sewerage System ◽  
Sludge Incineration ◽  
Kyoto City ◽  
Sludge Cake ◽  
The City

Kyoto City, an ancient city of international tourism, has been actively constructing its public sewerage system as one of the most important policies of the city. As of April, 1989, 79.6% of the urbanization promotion area of the city has been sewered. The fully completed sewerage system will be established in 1994, the 1200th anniversary of the founding of the city as the ancient Heian capital of Japan. However, the increase of the sewered ratio effects a steady increase in the influent volume of wastewater. Due to the inland location of the city, sludge produced in the wastewater treatment plants has been landfilled after incineration, but recently the securing of appropriate sites for landfill is difficult, and hence sludge treatment and disposal is an important issue for Kyoto City. In order to minimize the ultimate disposal volume, incineration of the entire volume of sludge has been undertaken in early days of sewerage operations. This report introduces the sludge incineration system and assesses the newly adopted step grate stoker furnace. At present, Kyoto City has 4 treatment plants in operation. The Toba Treatment Plant, which has the largest treatment capacity receives sludge cake trucked from the Fushimi Treatment Plant and excess sludge pumped through pipes from the Kisshoin Treatment Plant, and incinerates the whole amount of sludge cake generated in the plant. The sludge cake produced at the Ishida Treatment Plant is incinerated at an adjacent refuse sanitation plant together with the municipal refuse from the city. The characteristics of sludge treatment systems are given in this report. The step grate stoker furnace system was introduced to reduce the final disposal volume and to save energy. Through comparison with the multiple-hearth furnace system the actual results of operation were verified. The volume of generated ash was decreased by more than 50%, and energy consumption was reduced by 77%, resulting in an 18% reduction of operating expenses.

Operation of Centralized Sludge Treatment Facilities

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 1753-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senji Kaneko ◽  
Hachiro Shimomura
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Service Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
The City

Construction of sewerage systems in the city of Yokohama has proceeded at a rapid pace ever since the first wastewater treatment plant went into operation in 1962. By 1984, all eleven of the planned wastewater treatment plants were in operation. By March 1989, the sewerage service rate had reached 80 percent, representing over 2.56 million of the city's residents. Naturally, the expansion of the sewerage system was reflected in a commensurate increase in the quantity of sludge for treatment and disposal. Recognizing the critical importance of keeping abreast of this increase, the city has promoted the development of technology for more efficient treatment and disposal of sludge throughout the intervening years. In recent years, the city has also seen extensive urbanization and mounting concern among its citizenry for conserving the environment. In response, it was decided to shift from the former decentralized method of sludge treatment (i.e., treatment of sludge at the plant generating it) to a method of centralized treatment at two sludge treatment centers, each built within a different wastewater treatment plant located in the waterfront area. Yokohama was the first city in Japan to adopt this form of centralized sludge treatment. The construction of the centralized sludge treatment facilities made extensive use of results from a program of technological development. The centers feature the first egg-shaped digestion tanks, a high-concentration mode of digestion made possible by the use of centrifugal thickeners, power generator fueled with digestion gas, effective use of the waste heat from these generators, and the saving of fuel by the use of incinerators equipped with dryers. The record for the first year of full-scale operation clearly demonstrated the merits of centralized treatment. The quantity of digestion gas generated at the center was double that of the quantity generated under the former method for an equivalent quantity of sludge. Power generation fueled by digestion gas supplied 64 percent of the center's own power needs. While operating at only one-fifth of the planned sludge capacity, the center boasted a savings of about 200 million yen for the year, and the treatment costs were less than half of the treatment cost of the same quantity utilizing the former method. This report presents an account of the operational record for the first year of this center (the Hokubu Sludge Treatment Center) and the system of effective energy use that took place in it.

scholarly journals Implementasi Demand Side Management (DSM) Pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air PDAM Mulia Baru

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Mulyono Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
One Year

The Mulia Baru Water Treatment Plant (IPA) is one of 6 Water Treatment Plants owned by the Ketapang Regency PDAM that is indicated to use a large amount of electrical energy. From the data obtained during one year (January to December 2017), the average monthly electricity consumption is 128,016,667 kWh with an average.Drinking Water Production Volume per month of 144,119,833 m3. Therefore the average Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) value for 2017 is 0.89. Through the application of the Peak Clipping and Strategic Concervation DSM program, a decrease in peak load occurs at a time interval between 17:00 and 22:00, in this condition a decrease in load of 0.47 (%).For greater savings, it is necessary to schedule the operation of large loads at peak load times.

scholarly journals Long-Term Performance Analysis Using TRNSYS Software of Hybrid Systems with PV-T

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6921
Author(s):  
Sebastian Pater
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
One Year ◽  
Systems Simulation ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact

A hybrid photovoltaic-thermal collector (PV-T) with the capability to produce thermal energy and electrical energy simultaneously has attracted the attention of researchers, especially in terms of improving PV-T performance. This study analyses the work of four model installations with PV-T and other devices built in the transient systems simulation program. The novelty of this article lies in a long-term approach to the operation of PV-T panels under selected climatic conditions. Influence of the installation’s configuration on the obtained temperatures of solar cells, and, in consequence, on electric power generated by PV-T and the amount of heat produced during one year in a selected location is presented. Among others, the impact of the temperature coefficient of photovoltaic cells for long-term PV-T operation was analyzed in the paper. The results showed that the type of cell used may decrease the yearly electric energy production from PV-T even by 7%. On the other hand, intensification of the process of heat reception from PV-T using a heat pump increased this production by 6% in relation to the base model. The obtained research results indicate possible methods for improving the effectiveness of PV-T operation in a long-term aspect.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KINERJA ASET INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR TINJA (IPLT) CIBEET DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG

Pondasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Rizkia Noviana
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Faecal Sludge

AbstractCibeet Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant (FSTP) Bandung Regency is one of the wastewater treatment infrastructures in Bandung Regency. The purpose of this research is to see the performance of Cibee FSTP assets based on three measurement dimensions which include: technical, economic, and environmental dimensions. This type of research method is a descriptive method. Qualitative approach analysis techniques and quantitative approaches. The results of the performance evaluation from the technical dimension explain that the technical performance is poor. The evaluation results from the economic dimension show that economic performance is poor. Meanwhile, the evaluation results from the environmental dimension are poor.Keywords: Performance Evaluation, Supporting Facilities, FSTP, and Installation Unit. AbstrakInstalasi Pengolahan Lumpur Tinja (IPLT) Cibeet Kabupaten Bandung merupakan salah satu infrastruktur pengolahan air limbah di Kabupaten Bandung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kinerja aset IPLT Cibeet berdasarkan tiga dimensi pengukuran yang meliputi: dimensi teknis, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Jenis metode penelitian adalah metode deskriptif. Teknik analisis berdasarkan  pendekatan  kualitatif  dan  pendekatan  kuantitatif.  Hasil  evaluasi kinerja dari dimensi teknis menjelaskan bahwa kinerja teknis buruk. Hasil evaluasi dari dimensi ekonomi  bahwa kinerja ekonomi buruk. Sedangkan hasil evaluasi dari dimensi lingkungan buruk.Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Kinerja, Fasilitas Pendukung, IPLT, dan Unit Instalasi

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