scholarly journals The Nature of Idiomatic Knowledge

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Jesus Martinez del Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intuitive Knowledge ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Speaker

<p>Since idiomatic knowledge, the knowledge of speakers to speak or competence is exclusive of humans it answers to the nature of humans who are creative and contingent. Idiomatic knowledge is nothing previously made but something being created at the moment of speaking. It is creative because it is individual and new thus answering to the needs of expression of the individual speaker who speaks in accordance with a context and situation. It is contingent and thus historical because speakers learn it from the speaking community they belong to. Depending on the conception the linguist has about language and what to be a human means, idiomatic knowledge may appear as unconscious (Saussure), innate and thus intuitive (Chomsky) or merely intuitive, something learnt in the same way as the other types of knowledge or competence (Coseriu). My aim now is to study the type of intuitive knowledge it is, starting with the human peculiar characteristics of creativity and historicity (Coseriu, Ortega y Gasset) and analyzing the verbal behavior of speakers.</p>

scholarly journals La responsabilidad ética del tiempo en Søren Kierkegaard como ética del porvenir: principio existencial de solidaridad. The Ethical Responsibility of Time in Søren Kierkegaard as an Ethics of Becoming: Existential Principle of Solidarity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael García Pavón
Keyword(s):  
Soren Kierkegaard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Responsibility ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Specific Responsibility ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual

En este trabajo se pretende mostrar que la tarea ética de llegar a ser sí mismo, en el pensamiento de Kierkegaard, implica una responsabilidad específica sobre la dimensión temporal de la existencia, la cual se fundamenta en la relación de confianza y amor con la temporalidad de otras personas. Esta relación sería la solidaridad, en tanto provoca, simultáneamente, que el individuo se elija a sí mismo en el tiempo y pueda acoger y reduplicar las condiciones del devenir del otro. Esto significa, en términos éticos, como lo expone en El equilibrio entre lo estético y lo ético en la formación de la personalidad, que cuando, ante la seriedad de la situación de elegirse a sí mismo, la persona se elige, recibe por ello la infinitud del poder eterno de la personalidad. La tarea ética es poder creer en la posibilidad de vivir en esa libertad que abre el tiempo a un porvenir. De este modo, la solidaridad nos permite estar en un constante comenzar en espera de la revelación de la verdad.The objective of this paper is to argue that the ethical task of becoming oneself, in the thought of Kierkegaard, implies an specific responsibility over the temporal dimension of existence; which is grounded in the relation of trust and love with the temporality of other persons. This relation will constitute solidarity, because it provoques, simultaneously, that the individual become able to choose himself in time and could receive and reduplicate the conditions of becoming of the other. This means, in ethical terms, as is exposed in The Balance between the esthetic and the ethical in the development of the personality, that when the person is before the earnestness of choosing himself, in the moment of choosing himself he receives the infinitude of the eternal power of personality. Then, the ethical task is to be able to believe that is possible to live in the freedom that opens time to a future becoming. In this way solidarity will permit us to be in a constant beginning in the expectancy of the revelation of the truth.

scholarly journals VIRTUAL SATISFACTION AS A SYMPTOM OF INTERPASSIVITY IN MODERN SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Zhanna E. Vavilova
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Research into how new media are transforming our daily lives is the frontier of modern philosophical and scientific thought. It is difficult to reflect on what is happening to society and to the person at the moment; however, for all the pace of social transformations today, we can still talk about potential risks and opportunities offered by new technologies. The article introduces the concept of virtual satisfaction and examines its connection with the phenomenon of interpassivity which is well known in philosophical discourse, as well as with manifestations of visual normalization in society. The aim of the study is to trace the mechanism of involvement of humans in interpassive practices of a virtualized society through consumption of media images. This environment acts as a virtual link between social reality and the needs of the individual which can only be satisfied with the mediation of the Other. On the one hand, this is the world of safe interactions and quasi-interactions where satisfaction is obtained in screen non-contact forms. On the other hand, this satisfaction turns out to be interpassive, depriving us not only of realization of desire, but also of desire itself, so that people voluntarily lose part of themselves, and therefore part of their humanity.

Writing in Aphasia Rehabilitation: Cursive vs Manuscript

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Boone ◽  
Harold M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Correct Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Manual Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Read Number

Reading and writing performance was observed in 30 adult aphasic patients to determine whether there was a significant difference when stimuli and manual responses were varied in the written form: cursive versus manuscript. Patients were asked to read aloud 10 words written cursively and 10 words written in manuscript form. They were then asked to write on dictation 10 word responses using cursive writing and 10 words using manuscript writing. Number of words correctly read, number of words correctly written, and number of letters correctly written in the proper sequence were tallied for both cursive and manuscript writing tasks for each patient. Results indicated no significant difference in correct response between cursive and manuscript writing style for these aphasic patients as a group; however, it was noted that individual patients varied widely in their success using one writing form over the other. It appeared that since neither writing form showed better facilitation of performance, the writing style used should be determined according to the individual patient’s own preference and best performance.

The Final ‘Thank You’

Derrida Today ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Grant Farred
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Political Transition ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Cup ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nelson Mandela ◽  
Black President ◽  
The Moment

‘The Final “Thank You”’ uses the work of Jacques Derrida and Friedrich Nietzsche to think the occasion of the 1995 rugby World Cup, hosted by the newly democratic South Africa. This paper deploys Nietzsche's Zarathustra to critique how a figure such as Nelson Mandela is understood as a ‘Superman’ or an ‘Overhuman’ in the moment of political transition. The philosophical focus of the paper, however, turns on the ‘thank yous’ exchanged by the white South African rugby captain, François Pienaar, and the black president at the event of the Springbok victory. It is the value, and the proximity and negation, of the ‘thank yous’ – the relation of one to the other – that constitutes the core of the article. 1

Margaret Mahy: An Adlerian Reading

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
KATHRYN WALLS
Keyword(s):  
Young Female ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Psychology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Alfred Adler ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Magical Power ◽  
Margaret Mahy ◽  
The Individual

According to the ‘Individual Psychology’ of Alfred Adler (1870–1937), Freud's contemporary and rival, everyone seeks superiority. But only those who can adapt their aspirations to meet the needs of others find fulfilment. Children who are rejected or pampered are so desperate for superiority that they fail to develop social feeling, and endanger themselves and society. This article argues that Mahy's realistic novels invite Adlerian interpretation. It examines the character of Hero, the elective mute who is the narrator-protagonist of The Other Side of Silence (1995) , in terms of her experience of rejection. The novel as a whole, it is suggested, stresses the destructiveness of the neurotically driven quest for superiority. Turning to Mahy's supernatural romances, the article considers novels that might seem to resist the Adlerian template. Focusing, in particular, on the young female protagonists of The Haunting (1982) and The Changeover (1984), it points to the ways in which their magical power is utilised for the sake of others. It concludes with the suggestion that the triumph of Mahy's protagonists lies not so much in their generally celebrated ‘empowerment’, as in their transcendence of the goal of superiority for its own sake.

Macaronics as What Eludes Translation

Paragraph ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-230
Author(s):  
Haun Saussy
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Moment

‘Translation’ is one of our all-purpose metaphors for almost any kind of mediation or connection: we ask of a principle how it ‘translates’ into practice, we announce initiatives to ‘translate’ the genome into predictions, and so forth. But the metaphor of translation — of the discovery of equivalents and their mutual substitution — so attracts our attention that we forget the other kinds of inter-linguistic contact, such as transcription, mimicry, borrowing or calque. In a curious echo of the macaronic writings of the era of the dawn of print, the twentieth century's avant-garde, already foreseeing the end of print culture, experimented with hybrid languages. Their untranslatability under the usual definitions of ‘translation’ suggests a revival of this avant-garde practice, as the mainstream aesthetic of the moment invests in ‘convergence’ and the subsumption of all media into digital code.

Gewalt und Kommunikation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-28
Author(s):  
Jens Bonnemann
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Philosophy ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Normal Case ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Philosophy Of Dialogue ◽  
The Individual

In ethics, when discussing problems of justice and a just social existence one question arises obviously: What is the normal case of the relation between I and you we start from? In moral philosophy, each position includes basic socio-anthropological convictions in that we understand the other, for example, primarily as competitor in the fight for essential resources or as a partner in communication. Thus, it is not the human being as isolated individual, or as specimen of the human species or socialised member of a historical society what needs to be understood. Instead, the individual in its relation to the other or others has been studied in phenomenology and the philosophy of dialogue of the twentieth century. In the following essay I focus on Martin Buber’s and Jean-Paul Sartre’s theories of intersubjectivity which I use in order to explore the meaning of recognition and disrespect for an individual. They offer a valuable contribution to questions of practical philosophy and the socio-philosophical diagnosis of our time.

Erfahrung ohne Erfahrenden

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Petr Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
Individual Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intentional Structure

This article examines the limits of Heidegger’s ontological description of emotionality from the period of Sein und Zeit and Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik along the lines outlined by Lévinas in his early work De l’existence à l’existant. On the basis of the Lévinassian concept of “il y a”, we attempt to map the sphere of the impersonal existence situated out of the structured context of the world. However the worldless facticity without individuality marks the limits of the phenomenological approach to human existence and its emotionality, it also opens a new view on the beginning and ending of the individual existence. The whole structure of the individual existence in its contingency and finitude appears here in a new light, which applies also to the temporal conditions of existence. Yet, this is not to say that Heidegger should be simply replaced by Lévinas. As shows an examination of the work of art, to which brings us our reading of Moravia’s literary exposition of boredom (the phenomenon closely examined in Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik), the view on the work of art that is entirely based on the anonymous and worldless facticity of il y a must be extended and complemented by the moment in which a new world and a new individual structure of experience are being born. To comprehend the dynamism of the work of art in its fullness, it is necessary to see it not only as an ending of the world and the correlative intentional structure of the individual existence, but also as their new beginning.

Computational and experimental studies of the strength of full-scale samples of pipes with defects "metal loss" and "dent with groove"

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Neganov ◽  
◽  
Victor M. Varshitsky ◽  
Andrey A. Belkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metal Loss ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Sufficient Stability ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
The Moment

The article contains the comparative results of the experimental and calculated research of the strength of a pipeline with such defects as “metal loss” and “dent with groove”. Two coils with diameter of 820 mm and the thickness of 9 mm of 19G steel were used for full-scale pipe sample production. One of the coils was intentionally damaged by machining, which resulted in “metal loss” defect, the other one was dented (by press machine) and got groove mark (by chisel). The testing of pipe samples was performed by applying static internal pressure to the moment of collapse. The calculation of deterioration pressure was carried out with the use of national and foreign methodical approaches. The calculated values of collapsing pressure for the pipe with loss of metal mainly coincided with the calculation experiment results based on Russian method and ASME B31G. In case of pipe with dent and groove the calculated value of collapsing pressure demonstrated greater coincidence with Russian method and to a lesser extent with API 579/ASME FFS-1. In whole, all calculation methods demonstrate sufficient stability of results, which provides reliable operation of pipelines with defects.

Monkey on My Back. An Autoethnographic Narrative of a Therapeutic Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
The Self ◽  
Symbolic Language ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Therapeutic Experience ◽  
Postmodern Philosophy ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Uncertainty

With a conscious attempt to contribute to contemporary discussions in mad/trans/queer/monster studies, the monograph approaches complex postmodern theories and contextualizes them from an autoethnographic methodological perspective. As the self-explanatory subtitle reads, the book introduces several topics as revelatory fields for the author’s self-exploration at the moment of an intense epistemological and ontological crisis. Reflexively written, it does not solely focus on a personal experience, as it also aims at bridging the gap between the individual and the collective in times of global uncertainty. There are no solid outcomes defined; nevertheless, the narrative points to a certain—more fluid—way out. Through introducing alternative ways of hermeneutics and meaning-making, the book offers a synthesis of postmodern philosophy and therapy, evolutionary astrology as a symbolic language, embodied inquiry, and Buddhist thought that together represent a critical attempt to challenge the pathologizing discursive practices of modern disciplines during the neoliberal capitalist era.

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