scholarly journals Feeding Systems and the Physicochemical and Sensory Quality of Lamb Meat: Can Feeding Systems Affect Lamb Meat Quality?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Geisa Costa ◽  
Renata Ernlund Freitas de Macedo ◽  
Fernando Hentz ◽  
Odilei Rogerio Prado ◽  
Claudio José Araujo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Feeding Systems

This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, fat composition, and sensory attributes of lamb meat produced in two feeding systems: (1) Unweaned and unsupplemented lambs in the pasture and (2) early weaned lambs in the pasture with concentrate supplementation post-weaning. The experiment was performed in the winter–spring pastures in the subtropical region of Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments (feeding systems), four paddocks per treatment and twenty lambs (experimental units) per paddock. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, pH, rib eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, and visual fatness were determined. Loin samples were used for instrumental color, thawing and cooking loss, shear force, water holding capacity, fat and sensory analyses. Carcass pH did not differ between the systems (p > 0.05). Supplemented weaned lambs showed a higher body condition score, carcass weight, dressing percentage and fatness (p < 0.001). They also showed higher (p < 0.05) total fat and long chain fatty acid (FA) content than unweaned lambs. Lamb meat from both systems showed similar and high sensory acceptance. Early weaning and supplementation proved to be a better choice for producing lambs in the winter–spring pasture, under subtropical conditions, because it promoted better carcass and meat traits and good sensory attributes, which could improve payment to the farmers.

Carcass composition in four sheep breeds: the importance of type of breed and stage of maturity

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood ◽  
H. J. H. MacFie ◽  
R. W. Pomeroy ◽  
D. J. Twinn
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Omental Fat ◽  
Mature Size

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the effects of type of breed on carcass composition, an examination was made of 361 lambs from four breeds: Clun Forest and Colbred (termed ewe breeds); and Suffolk and Hampshire (termed ram breeds). The animals were in four carcass weight groups averaging 15, 17, 19 and 21 kg.Percentage subcutaneous fat was influenced more by carcass weight than by breed, whereas both carcass weight and breed had similar effects on percentage lean. At the mean carcass weight of 18 kg, Colbreds, the leanest breed, had a similar value for percentage lean (about 57 % of carcass tissue weight) to the carcasses over all breeds weighing 15 kg; and Cluns, the fattest breed, had a similar value (about 54%) to those weighing 21 kg. Since the ram breeds were intermediate in composition between the two ewe breeds there was no effect of type of breed on carcass composition. The breed differences were related to eventual mature size and to the stage of maturity at each carcass weight, as judged by body length and bone weight measurements. However, Colbreds were bigger and leaner than published estimates of their mature weight suggested. Humerus weight was a good predictor of lean or total fat weight, explaining 83 % ofvariation when used as a predictor along with carcass weight.Type of breed had a marked effect on internal fat deposition, the ewe breeds having heavier weights of both kidney knob and channel fat (KKCF) and caul fat (omental fat) than the ram breeds; and on the length oflimb bones, the ewe breeds having longer but thinner bones than the ram breeds. The order of the relative growth of the tissues and fat depots was: subcutaneous fat > caul fat > KKCF > intermuscular fat > lean > bone. Therefore, the internal fat depots were later maturing than intermuscular fat.The percentage of prime cuts in the carcass was not affected by carcass weight. Colbreds had significantly lower values than the other breeds. Suffolks had the lowest lean to bone ratio.

Effects of sex and year on growth and live assessment of carcass characteristics of lambs grazing annual pastures

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
LP Thatcher ◽  
B Warren ◽  
PJ Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Fat Score ◽  
Clover Content

Lambs from the Poll Dorset x (Border Leicester x Merino) cross were raised from a late lambing in 1983 (a year when pastures grew unchecked and had high clover content) and 1984 (a year with intermittent dry periods and a low clover content in pastures). Multivariate repeated measures analyses were used to compare growth rates for rams, wethers and ewes within 2 periods of growth in 1983, and 4 in 1984. In all stages rams grew significantly faster than wethers and ewes, whereas wether growth rate exceeded that of ewes in only 3 stages. In general, when pasture availability and quality was high, rams grew faster than wethers by 0.3 kg/week and ewes by 0.5 kg/week. The rams grew 0.16 kg/week faster when pasture availability was limiting for a period in winter but lost significant (P<0.01) body condition, whilst ewes maintained both weight and condition. When good quality feed was again available, rams gained more weight than wethers, as did wethers compared with ewes, while rams and wethers gained more condition than ewes. Carcass weight and fatness, measured either as indicators of fat (GR measurement or fat score) or as total subcutaneous fat, could be predicted from assessments made on live lambs. Full liveweight, sex and year explained 41% of variation in GR, 48% in fat score and 79% in subcutaneous fat. Condition score, sex and year explained 45% of variation in GR, 52% in fat score and 57% in subcutaneous fat. Full liveweight, condition score, sex and year explained 80% of the variation in subcutaneous fat, 47% in GR and 57% in fat score. An interaction of sex with full liveweight in predicting carcass weight and subcutaneous fat indicated that as carcass size increased, the sex of the lamb became an increasingly important consideration when assessing characteristics important in describing lamb carcasses. Dressing percentage decreased by 0.08/kg as liveweight increased. This result was consistent over the 2 years, with opportunities for error being assessed and eliminated in the second year. Notwithstanding that this was an unimportant loss in real terms, published information showed an increase in dressing percentage with liveweight.

scholarly journals Slaughter Results, Meat Chemical Composition and pH of Aberdinangus, Hereford and Limousin bulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (341) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Inga Muizniece ◽  
Daina Kairisa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Beef production must combine the interests of both producers and consumers, taking into account the sustainable use of environmental resources. The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the slaughter results, meet chemical composition and pH value of three beef breeds – Aberdinangus (AA), Hereford (HF) and Limousin (LI) bulls. The bulls were fattened on Latvian and Lithuanian farms, mainly using grass forage. The breed and age of bulls before slaughter significantly affected all slaughter results, except for fat class. From the meat chemical composition traits, the bull breed and age before slaughter had a significant effect only on the protein content. LI bulls showed the highest carcass weight 301.1±6.8 kg (p<0.05), dressing percentage 58.2±1.1% (p<0.05) and conformation score 3.56±0.18 points. The best fattened carcasses were obtained from AA bulls - 2.43±0.20 points. Muscle samples of musculus longissimus (M. longissimus) bulls of LI breed showed higher content of moisture (72.0±1.0%), protein (23.0±0.2%), ash (1.1±0.0%) and cholesterol (56.7±6.6 mg 100 g−1). AA breed bulls showed higher total fat (6.6±1.2%) and iron content (13.1±0.6 mg). The highest pH was observed in the meat obtained from AA bulls – 6.0±0.1, LI and HF breed bulls showed pH 5.8±0.0 and 5.8±0.1 respectively. Correlation analysis showed a significant, strong positive correlation between cold carcass weight and dressing percentage for AA and LI bulls, r=0.90 and r=0.88, respectively. For LI breed bulls, a strong positive correlation was also found between the cold carcass weight and the conformation score (r=0.98, p<0.01).

scholarly journals Sire breed effect on carcass and temperament traits

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2717
Author(s):  
Leandro Lunardini Cardoso ◽  
Joal José Brazzale Leal ◽  
Marcelo Henrique Giordano Nunes ◽  
Bruno Borges Machado Teixeira ◽  
Bruna Pena Sollero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Sire Breed

This paper aimed to identify and evaluate the effects of sire breed on temperament and productive traits of different cross-breeds between Nellore (NE), Tabapua (TB), and Brahman (BR) bulls mated with Angus cows (AN), as well as the relationship between temperament and productive traits. The productive traits measured in this study include slaughter weight and post weaning weight gain. Temperament was assessed by flight-speed (FS). Carcass data collected in this study include hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold dressing percentage, carcass length, initial pH, ultimate pH, subcutaneous fat thickness and carcass longissimus muscle area. The sire breed effect was greater for slaughter weight. Hot carcass weight was not affected by the sire breed. The longissimus muscle area was larger for AN x TB and AN x NE crossbreeds than for AN x BR crossbreeds. Subcutaneous fat thickness and cold dressing percentage were not affected by sire breed. The offspring of NE, TB, and BR sires mated with AN cows had similar carcass measurements, except for the longissimus muscle area, which was smaller for offspring sired by the Brahman breed. The temperament trait was not influenced by sire breed.

Studies of fat distribution in the bovine carcass. I. The partition of fatty tissues between depots

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
HR Johnson ◽  
RM Butterfield ◽  
WJ Pryor
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Definition Of

(1) Total side fat (total dissected fat plus intramuscular fat) was examined in 23 bovine carcasses in four weight ranges. (2) The partition of fatty tissue between five depots revealed relative rises in intermuscular and subcutaneous depots and relative declines in intramuscular, kidney, and channel fats with increasing carcass weight. (3) Intermuscular and subcutaneous fats reached high levels relative to total side fat at different stages. Intermuscular fat rose quickly to c. 45.0% of total side fat at about 2.0 kg total side fat (c. 56 days) whilst subcutaneous fat reached 29.0% at c. 13.0 kg total side fat (c. 270 days). (4) Intramuscular fat did not show an increase relative to total side fat as carcass weight increased. Its contribution to total fat was greatest in the lightest sides and reached a minimal value at c. 13.0 kg total side fat, which it maintained thereafter. (5) All regressions of the weight of five fat depots on total side fat were highly significant (P < 0.01). (6) There appears to be a need for precise definition of fat distribution patterns in breeds and strains of cattle in order that carcasses of optimum composition might be produced.

scholarly journals Effects of slaughter age and gender on carcass characteristics of Turkish indigeneous Hair goat kids reared under an extensive production system

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. O. Toplu ◽  
E. O. Goksoy ◽  
A. Nazligul
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
And Gender

Abstract. This study was conducted to investigate effects of slaughter age and gender on carcass characteristics of indigenous Hair goat kids reared under an extensive production system. A total of 60 Hair goat kids (30 females and 30 males) slaughtered at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age was used as the material of this study. In the study, the cold carcass weights of kids at 3–12 months of age were between 6.15 and 10.83 kg. The cold dressing percentage was determined as 47.04–52.65 %. The effect of slaughter age on these traits was statistically significant (P<0.001). The cold carcass weight and the cold dressing percentage increased with the slaughter age. The effect of kid gender on the cold carcass weight was statistically significant (P<0.001). The mean value of this trait in males was higher than the females. The percentages of omental-mesenteric fat (P<0.001) and kidney-knob and channel fat (P<0.01) significantly increased with slaughter age. Subcutan, intermuscular, total fat and muscle/ bone percentages of the left half carcass significantly increased with slaughter age (P<0.01). However, bone (P<0.05) and muscle/total fat (P<0.01) percentages significantly decreased with slaughter age. The female kids had significantly higher values than males in terms of omental-mesenteric fat, kidney-knob and channel fat, subcutaneous, intermuscular and total carcass fat percentages (P<0.001). In conclusion, it is recommended that Hair goat kids should be slaughtered at 9 months of age under extensive management system to result in more edible meat production.

The composition, fat distribution and yield of carcass beef from steers and heifers when entire, spayed, pregnant or fitted with an intravaginal device

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (123) ◽  
pp. 354 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Saul
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Intravaginal Device ◽  
Beef Muscle ◽  
Research Institute

An experiment at the Pastoral Research Institute, Hamilton, compared the carcass composition and yield of one group of 14 Hereford steers, and four groups of 14 heifers, either spayed, fitted with an intravaginal device, pregnant or entire. The animals were slaughtered at 18 or 22 months when average fat depths and carcass weights were 5.8 mm and 188.0 kg, or 7.5 mm and 219 kg, respectively. When compared at a constant carcass weight, the steers generally had heavier boneless primary cuts, with less fat than the heifers (P<0. 05). Steers also had less channel and kidney fat, subcutaneous fat, intra-muscular and inter-muscular fat and consequently less total fat than heifers (P<.05) . Differences between heifer groups were generally small and non-significant. When compared at the same age, differences between heifers and steers in carcass fatness were generally not significant (P>0. 05) but trends similar to those described above were apparent. Estimated yield of carcass beef (muscle plus saleable fat) was affected by sex, fat depth and level of fat specified in the carcass beef. When lean carcass beef (1 5% fat) was specified, steers yielded about 3.8% more than heifers at the same weight and fat depth, but when fatter carcass beef (20% fat) was specified, this difference was reduced to about 3.2%. Removal of channel and kidney fat from the carcass brought the yield of steer and heifer carcasses to within about 3.0% of each other.

Pasture-based finishing of early-maturing sired suckler beef bulls at 15 or 19 months of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. s28-s32
Author(s):  
C. Lenehan ◽  
A. P. Moloney ◽  
E. G. O’Riordan ◽  
A. Kelly ◽  
M. McGee
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Beef Bulls

The performance of early-maturing breed sired suckler bulls finished at pasture, with or without concentrate supplementation, at 15 or 19 months of age was evaluated. In total, 60 Aberdeen Angus-sired bulls were assigned to a two (slaughter age (SA): 15 (S15) or 19 (S19) months)×two (finishing strategies (FS): grass only or grass+barley-based concentrate) factorial arrangement. There were no (P>0.05) SA×FS interactions. Increasing SA increased carcass weight (265 v. 355 kg), kill-out proportion (542 v. 561 g/kg), conformation (6.7 v. 8.3, 1 to 15) (P<0.001) and fat (5.8 v. 6.8) scores (P<0.01), and resulted in yellower subcutaneous fat (‘b’ value, 6.6 v. 8.3) and darker muscle (‘L’ value, 30.0 v. 28.3) (P<0.01). Supplementation reduced estimated herbage intake by 0.60 and 0.47 kg dry matter (DM)/kg DM of concentrates for S15 and S19, respectively. Supplementation increased carcass weight (+6.7%, P<0.001) and kill-out proportion (+1.8%, P=0.06) but had no effect on carcass fat and conformation scores or fat and muscle colour. In conclusion, carcasses were adequately finished, with or without concentrates for S19, but not for S15. Supplementation had no effect, and age had relatively minor effects, on fat and muscle colour.

A comparison of different pre and post-slaughter measurements for estimating fat reserves in Spanish Blanca Celtibérica goats

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Mendizabal ◽  
R. Delfa ◽  
A. Arana ◽  
A. Purroy
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Fat Thickness

Five pre-slaughter measurement values and four post-slaughter measurement values were used to estimate the weight of fat in the omental (OM), mesenteric (MES), perirenal (PR), subcutaneous (SC), and intermuscular (IM) fat depots in goats. The pre-slaughter measurements were: live weight (LW), sternal body condition score (BCSs), lumbar body condition score (BCSl), sternal fat thickness (FTs) and lumbar fat thickness (FTl) measured by ultrasound. The post-slaughter measurements were empty live weight (ELW), hot carcass weight (HCW), adipocyte diameter in the sternal subcutaneous fat (ADSCs) and adipocyte diameter in the lumbar subcutaneous fat (ADSCl). Linear and multiple regressions were fit to data collected from 22 adult, non-pregnant and non-lactating Blanca Celtibérica does. The results obtained showed BCSs, ranging from 1.5 to 4.5 (scale: 0-5) to be the best pre-slaughter estimator of an animal's total fat (R2 = 0.90, RSD = 2.252 kg) and HCW to be the best post-slaughter estimator (R2 = 0.92, RSD = 1.972 kg). Additionally, multiple regression using HCW and ADSCl together yielded estimates of the total amount of fat in all five of the depots considered here with an R2 = 0.95 and an RSD = 1.542 kg. Therefore, the use in vivo of BCSs is the best method for predicting nutritional status in does in extensive production systems in the Mediterranean region.Key words: Fat reserve, body weight, carcass weight, body condition score, ultrasound, adipocyte, goat

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Feeding Systems in Beef Cattle Production

1969 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336
Author(s):  
Ismael Carlo ◽  
Radaí Mendoza ◽  
Jaime Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Feeding Systems

Different feeding systems for beef cattle production were studied at the Corozal and Isabela Substations of the Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Puerto Rico. The data for each location were analyzed separately. Observations at Isabela indicate that Pangola-grass soilage is not suitable for rearing beef cattle. Ad libitum feeding of a bulky ration showed no comparative advantage over grazing alone in weight gains of the heifers. Similarly, a finishing period on ad libitum bulky feed was no better than grazing alone. The dressing percentage for the ad libitum bulky-fed group was 64.26 percent compared to 62.30 percent for the group on grazing alone and to 62.23 percent for the group on grazing plus a finishing period on ad libitum bulky feed. There was no significant difference between these two latter groups. The soilage group was not slaughtered. Data from the Corozal Substation indicate that corn supplementation was superior to the other treatments in regard to weight gains of the heifers. However, when economical aspects are considered, corn supplementation may prove unjustifiable. The molasses supplementation was no better than grazing alone. The dressing percentage of the corn supplemented heifers was significantly different from grazing alone (60.70 vs. 59.03 percent) and from grazing plus concentrate supplementation when pastures were poor (60.70 vs. 59.10 percent). Dressing data for the molasses-fed group (60.40 percent) were not statistically analyzed because individual liveweights of heifers were not obtained for reference against the corresponding "hot carcass" weights.

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