scholarly journals Controlled-Release Fertilizer in the Production of Seedlings of Anonna cacans Warm

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar José Smiderle ◽  
Aline Das Graças Souza ◽  
Renata Diane Menegatti
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Different Doses

The use of controlled-release fertilizers is a promising alternative for supplying nutrients during the initial growth of nursery seedlings. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of different doses of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) on initial growth and nutritional status in seedlings of Anonna cacans Warm. The seeds were originally sown in a seedbed and then, after initial seedling development, were transplanted into polyethylene bags containing a substrate of washed medium sand, to which different doses of CRF had been added before transplanting. The experimental design was completely randomised, with four treatments, five doses of Osmocote® NPK 19-06-10 formulation (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 g L-1 of substrate), with four replications, each replication comprising three seedlings (one in each container). Increases in root-collar diameter and plant height were determined throughout the experimental period (6 months) from data collected every 30 days after transplanting. At the end of the experiment the following were evaluated: height, root-collar diameter, N concentration, chlorophyll index, chlorophyll concentration (a, b and total) and leaf area. Root-collar diameter and height showed a positive linear response to increases in the fertilizer dose. From a 4 g L-1 dose of CRF, the nutrient supply added to the substrate of medium sand optimises the initial phase of plant growth and guarantees the adequate nutritional status of Anonna cacans, and can be suggested as a viable technique for use in forest nurseries, and one which results in efficient use of the input material and avoids fertilizer wastage.

scholarly journals Influence of the Nutritional Aspects on Initial Growth of African Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Camila Oliveira Muniz ◽  
Eliana Paula Fernandes Brasil ◽  
Lucas Morais Lobo ◽  
Evaldo De Melo Ferreira ◽  
João Augusto da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
African Mahogany ◽  
Statistical Variation ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Block Effect ◽  
Root Collar

Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. (African mahogany) is one of the most economically important forest species, since it is used in the international furniture market. However, little is known about its culture and nutritional requirements. This study aimed to assess the development of K. ivorensis plants subjected to different base saturations, as well as to different N, P and K levels. An 8-ha area was used, wherein 4 ha had base saturation increased to 55% and the remaining 4 ha to 75%. The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks with eight repetitions in a factorial scheme (4 × 4 × 4), being four N doses, four P doses and four K doses. The base saturation was assessed through the block effect. The root collar diameter and the plant height were measured 12 months after planting. Each experimental plot comprised six plants. The root collar diameter showed statistical differences between blocks and N doses. Only the NPK association showed statistical variation in plant height. However, a growth decreasing trend resulting from increased N doses was observed, as well as a growth increasing trend resulting from increased P and K doses. All treatments favored African mahogany growth. The most indicated base saturation was 55%, since there was no plant growth improvement when V% was increased to 75%. The excess of N impaired the growth of the species. The best treatment comprised 60 g urea, 240 g triple superphosphate, and 168 g potassium chloride.

scholarly journals CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZER IN THE GROWTH OF Moringa oleifera LAM. SEEDLINGS

FLORESTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuanny Lins Monteiro Rosa ◽  
Renan Baptista Jordaim ◽  
Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre ◽  
Caroline Palacio de Araujo ◽  
Fabrício Gomes Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera presents important medicinal properties, and its seeds are used to treat water for human consumption and wastewater. The aim of the present study was to analyze the initial growth of M. oleifera seedlings in enriched commercial substrate with differing doses of controlled release fertilizer. The experimental was designed in randomized blocks, with four repetitions of 16 seedlings each. The treatment used doses of controlled release fertilizer, with 0; 2; 4; 6; and 8 kg m-3 of commercial substrate. A hundred days after installing the experiment, the following characteristics were analyzed: height of the aerial part; diameter of the root collar; length; volume; and dry mass of the roots and aerial part. Additionally, the relation between the height of the aerial part and the diameter of the root collar and the Dickson quality index (DQI) were determined. The data was submitted to analysis of variance and to the Shapiro-Wilk test to verify the normality and regression. Controlled release fertilizer at a dose of 5.37 kg m-3 of substrate is recommended for M. oleifera seedling production.

scholarly journals DESEMPENHO DE MUDAS DE Pinus taeda PRODUZIDAS EM RAIZ NUA E EM DOIS TIPOS DE RECIPIENTES, 24 MESES APÓS O PLANTIO

FLORESTA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalberto Brito De Novaes ◽  
José Geraldo De A. Carneiro ◽  
Deborah Guerra Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Root Collar

O presente estudo analisou a viabilidade do uso de uma nova metodologia de produção de mudas de Pinus taeda, cujo objetivo foi comparar a qualidade de mudas produzidas em blocos prensados, com mudas produzidas em tubetes e em raiz nua, com base nos parâmetros morfológicos. Empregou-se 5 tratamentos: a) Blocos prensados com 10 cm de altura; b) Blocos prensados com 7 cm de altura; c) Raiz nua; d) Tubetes (48 unidades/bandeja) e e) Tubetes (96 unidades/bandeja). Avaliou-se no viveiro os seguintes parâmetros: a) Altura da parte aérea (H); b) Diâmetro de colo (D); c) Relação H/D e d) Pesos de matéria fresca e seca das partes aérea, radicial e total. No campo foram avaliados a sobrevivência e o crescimento inicial. O desenvolvimento das mudas produzidas nos blocos prensados com 10 cm foi superior aos demais métodos utilizados neste trabalho. As médias mais baixas foram verificadas em mudas produzidas em tubetes. Performance Pinus taeda seedlings produced in bare root and two conteiner, after 24 months of the plantation Abstract The present study has anlysed the viability of the use of a new methodology fase in the prodution of Pinus taeda seedlings. The main objective was to compare the seedlings quality when produced in pressed blocks, tubes (60 cm3) and bare root. The five treatment were: a) Pressed blocks 10 cm height; b) Pressed blocks 7 cm height; c) Bare roots; d) Tubes (48 units/tray) and e) Tubes (96 units/tray). Were evaluated in the nursery the following parameters: a) Stem height (H); b) Root-collar diameter (D); c) H/D ratio and d) Weight fresh and dry weight matter (stem, root and total. In the field the survival and the initial growth. The performance of the seedlings produced in the 10 cm pressed blocks was higher than the other methods used in this experiment. The lowest averages were observed in seedlings produced in tubes for all morphological parameters evaluated.

scholarly journals Growth of bare root Pinus taeda, L. seedlings cultivated under five densities in nursery

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
José Geraldo de Araújo Carneiro ◽  
Deborah Guerra Barroso ◽  
Luis Maurício da Silva Soares
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

Seedlings compete for nutrients, water and light. The available area for each seedling affects their behavior related to requirements for these resources. This experiment evaluated the influence of five plant densities on the growth of bare root Pinus taeda, L. seedlings in a nursery after outplanting. The analyzed characteristics were: height (H), root collar diameter (D), H/D ratio, and dry matter weight. Higher densities stimulated H growth and the lowest densities increased D average and dry matter weight and lowered the H/D ratio. Seedlings were distributed by H, D and H/D classes. Higher densities had a larger number of seedlings in larger H classes. Larger numbers of seedlings with larger D and lower H/D ratios were found in lower densities. Ten months after outplanting the seedlings grown in lower densities had higher survival percentages and growth. Some saplings of standardized heights were uprooted with the objective of studying their root systems. The lowest densities stimulated higher numbers of first and second order roots as well as fresh and dry matter weights of thin roots with mycorrhizae presence. In both parts of the experiment, the density of 278 seedlings m-2 yielded equivalent averages as compared to the lowest densities.

scholarly journals Growth Regulators Affect the Growth and Biochemical Activity of Curcuma longa Plants Grown in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meire Pereira de Souza Ferrari ◽  
Mayara dos Santos Queiroz ◽  
Matheus Marquezini de Andrade ◽  
Jessica Rezende Trettel ◽  
Hélida Mara Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Biochemical Activity ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro growth and biochemical activity of Curcuma longa explants using different MS medium formulations and growth regulators. In all the experiments, plants were grown in MS medium supplemented with agar (6.5 g L-1) and pH adjusted to 5.8. In the first assay, the MS culture medium at 70% strength, supplemented with 30 g L-1 of sucrose, and without the addition of activated carbon, resulted in the highest number of shoots. The sucrose concentration of 60 g L-1, combined with the addition of actived charcoalin half-strength MS medium, resulted in the increased root dry mass, root collar diameter, and relative chlorophyll index. In the second assay, the highest root collar diameter and dry matter of shoots and roots were found in the MS medium supplemented with 4.44 BAP, 0.46 KIN, and 1.08 NAA. The MS medium with 8.88 BAP, 0.92 KIN, and 2.16 μM NAA resulted in the highest number of shoots (7.75), number of leaves (35), and shoot length (88.57 mm). The antioxidant activity was significantly higher in the treatments that resulted in better plantlets growth performance, demonstrating that the antioxidant activity is related to other factors such as a possible role of growth regulators on the elicitation of compounds in plants. Superoxide dismutase had a high enzymatic activity in both assays, whereas the enzymatic activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase was dependent on the culture media used.

scholarly journals Growth performance and resistance to ground late frosts of Fagus sylvatica L. plantation treated with a brassinosteroid compound

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Gallo Josef ◽  
Baláš Martin ◽  
Linda Rostislav ◽  
Kuneš Ivan
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Height Range ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

We measured the initial growth performance of a young plantation of European beech treated with a brassinosteroid compound prior to planting and compared it with a control treatment: we assessed heights, root collar diameters and mortality rate during the period 2012–2015. The trees showed posterior damage by ground frost after a substantial late frost event on the night of 4–5 May 2014. Therefore, we evaluated the post-stress vitality of trees, subsequent height increment from spring to August, and the height range of the damage.<br />Mean height, root collar diameter, and mortality rate did not show any significantly better performance in the brassinosteroid treatment over the control treatment. Neither did the application treatment have a significant positive effect on the resistance of beech to late frosts. The severe frost damage was most intense at 30 cm above ground, and rapidly declined with increased height.

scholarly journals Evaluating a Controlled-Release Fertilizer for Plant Establishment in Floating Elements for Bioretention Ponds

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Zanin ◽  
Carmelo Maucieri ◽  
Nicola Dal Ferro ◽  
Lucia Bortolini ◽  
Maurizio Borin
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽  
Mentha Aquatica ◽  
Quality Of Water

In bioretention ponds proposed to manage urban runoff, floating elements with anchored macrophytes plants improve nutrient and pollutants removal and provide aesthetic benefits. To prompt the establishment and initial growth of plants in floating elements with substrate, the application of Osmocote (a controlled-release fertilizer) in tablet form was proposed. In a confined environment, eight treatments were compared, combining two substrates (peat and zeolite at a ratio of 1:1 or 2:1 v/v), two levels of fertilization (without or with addition of Osmocote plus tablets; 5 g plant−1), and the presence or absence of Mentha aquatica L. plants. For about 16 weeks, the amount and quality of water, along with plant growth and nutrient content, were monitored. The results showed better plant growth when Osmocote was supplied, with no effect of the substrate. The presence of the plant produced the almost total uptake of the nutrients contained in the tap water and released by the fertilizer. This indicates that the use of a controlled release fertilizer can improve plant growth without compromising water quality, hence being a valuable solution to promote plant establishment usable as routine practice when a bioretention basin is vegetated with floating elements with substrate.

scholarly journals Use of Time-of-Flight Ultrasound to Measure Wave Speed in Poplar Seedlings

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenglu Liu ◽  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Houjiang Zhang ◽  
Cheng Guan ◽  
Dan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Velocity ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Ultrasonic Speed ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Poplar Seedlings

In this study, 145 poplar (Populus × euramericana cv.’74/76’) seedlings, a common plantation tree species in China, were selected and their ultrasonic velocities were measured at four timepoints during the first growth year. After that, 60 poplar seedlings were randomly selected and cut down to determine their acoustic velocity, using the acoustic resonance method. The effects of influencing factors such as wood green density, microfibril angle, growth days, and root-collar diameter on acoustic speed in seedlings and the relationship between ultrasonic speed and acoustic resonance speed were investigated and analyzed in this work. The number of specimens used for investigating growth days and root-collar diameter was 145 in both cases, while 60 and two specimens were used for investigating wood density and the microfibril angle, respectively. The results of this study showed that the ultrasonic speed of poplar seedlings significantly and linearly increased with growth days, within 209 growing days. The ultrasonic velocity of poplar seedlings has a high and positive correlation with growth days, and the correlation was 0.99. However, no significant relationship was found between the ultrasonic velocity and root-collar diameter of poplar seedlings. Furthermore, a low and negative relationship was found between wood density and ultrasonic speed (R2 = 0.26). However, ultrasonic velocity significantly decreased with increasing microfibril angle (MFA) in two seedlings, and thus MFA may have an impact on ultrasonic speed in poplar seedlings. In addition, ultrasonic velocity was found to have a strong correlation with acoustic resonance velocity (R2 = 0.81) and a good correlation, R2 = 0.75, was also found between the dynamic moduli of elasticity from ultrasonic and acoustic resonance tests. The results of this study indicate that the ultrasonic technique can possibly be used to measure the ultrasound speed of young seedlings, and thus early screen seedlings for their stiffness properties in the future.

scholarly journals APLICAÇÃO DE FERTILIZANTE DE LIBERAÇÃO LENTA NO ESTABELECIMENTO DE MUDAS DE IPÊ-ROXO E ANGICO-BRANCO EM ÁREA DE DOMÍNIO CILIAR

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aletéia Lang ◽  
Ubirajara Contro Malavasi ◽  
Vanessa Decker ◽  
Paula Vergili Pérez ◽  
Maicon Antonio Aleixo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Modern Tool

O uso de fertilizantes de liberação controlada constitui-se em uma das modernas técnicas na produção de mudas. Porém existem poucos relatos de seus efeitos sobre o crescimento inicial de espécies florestais nativas em área de domínio ciliar. O estudo objetivou comparar os efeitos de diferentes fertilizantes de liberação lenta (FLL) com uma formulação convencional no crescimento a campo de mudas de Anadenanthera colubrina e Tabebuia avellanedae. As mudas foram plantadas com 55 g por cova de Basacote 3M, Basacote 6M, Basacote 9M, formulação 16-8-12, e uma testemunha (sem fertilização). As mensurações não destrutivas incluíam os incrementos em altura, diâmetro do coleto e número de folhas aos 90, 180, 270 e 360 dias após o plantio, e avaliações destrutivas da massa seca aérea e radicular em mudas escavadas aos 180 e 360 dias após o plantio. Os resultados revelaram maior incremento para o diâmetro do coleto e o número de folhas em A. colubrina com FLL, enquanto que mudas de T. avellanedae expressaram maiores respostas em incrementos de altura. As biomassas secas da raiz e aérea não foram influenciadas pela adição de fertilizantes na cova, apresentando apenas diferenças entre as espécies.Palavras-chave:  Crescimento inicial; Anadenanthera colubrina; Tabebuia avellanedae; fertilizante de liberação lenta. AbstractEffects of fertilizers applied to ipe roxo and angico during their seedlings planting. Slow release fertilizer (SRF) is a modern tool for seedling production. However, there are few reports on the effects of its application on initial growth of native forest species planted on repairing areas. The aim of this experiment was to compare the effects of SRF and a conventional fertilizer on initial growth of fields planted with Anadenanthera colubrine and Tabebuia avellanedae seedlings. Treatments included 55 g per planting hole of Basacote 3M, Basacote 6M, Basacote 9M, conventional fertilizer NPK (16-8-12) and a control (no fertilizer). Non destructive measurements included increments of root collar, length, and number of leaves at 90, 180, 270 and 360 days after planting date. Destructive measurements included dried biomass of above and bellow ground tissues, root length, and leaf area of three seedling randomly selected from each treatment. The results showed higher increments in root collar diameter and number of leaves for A. colubrine with SRF while T. avellanedae seedlings showed higher increments in plant height. Differences in relation to above and below ground dry masses were detected only between species at 180 and 360 days after planting date.Keywords: Initial growth; Anadenanthera colubrina; Tabebuia avellanedae; slow release fertilizer.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Size ofAfzelia quanzensison Germination and Seedling Growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kupatsa Mtambalika ◽  
Chimuleke Munthali ◽  
Dominic Gondwe ◽  
Edward Missanjo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Afzelia Quanzensis ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Root Collar

Afzelia quanzensisWelw is a valuable timber producing tree species in Africa. A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of seed size on seed germination and seedlings quality ofAfzelia quanzensis. Seed was categorized into three groups in regard to their length, small (<1.5 cm), medium (≥ 1.5 ≤ 2.5 cm), and large (>2.5 cm). The treatments were completely randomized into four replications. Germination percentage was not significantly(P>0.05)different between the treatments, although large seeds had the highest germination percentage of 94.9%. There were significant(P<0.05)differences in seedling height and root collar diameter among the different seed sizes, with large seeds having the highest seedlings height and largest root collar diameter. This was attributed to differences in the food reserves. Survival of transplants from shoot dieback was significantly(P<0.05)different such that seedlings from large seed attained the highest survival of 92%. It is therefore recommended that, for production of high quality transplants in the nursery, large seeds should be used.

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