scholarly journals Optimization of total phenolic extraction of Chromolaena odorata leaf for antifungal activity against plant pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Biet V. Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Phenolic Extraction

Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites mainly responsible for different pharmacological activities of the plant extracts. In this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) variables were optimized for the extraction of the phenolic compounds from Chromolaena odorata (C. odorata) by using a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized conditions were at 62oC for 3 min with solvent to feed ratio of 14:1 (mL/g) and ethanol concentration of 50% (v/v). The highest yield of total phenolic compounds was 75.76 mgGAE/g. Ethanol extract clearly showed antifungal activity through antifungal index. The antifungal effect Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum siamese were 79.07%, 78.66% and 78.42%, in 0.5% of ethanol extract, respectively

scholarly journals Optimization of Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction of Total Phenolic Compound from Leaves of Chromolaena Odorata L. Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Guntima Sirijeerachai ◽  
Suphattra Khunasinkun ◽  
Piyapassara Boonleau ◽  
Ratchadaporn Oonsivilai ◽  
Aroonsri Nuchitprasitchai
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Chromolaena odorata L. or C. odorata is a weed that found in tropical continents . Leaves, roots and flowers of C. odorata have been used as medicinal plants for centuries. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the chemical composition of its extracts having phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins and steroids. The total phenolic compounds (TPC) in medicinal plants are acknowledged as biochemical activities such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant agents and etc. This work is interested in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of an ethanolic extract of C. odorata leaves. Though, many solvents can be used to extract TPC from plants. Ethanol with ultrasound assisted extraction was selected. The response surface methodology coupled with the nonlinear solver were used to find the optimal extraction variables. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed as the sampling technique. Three variables are the ratio of ethanol to the dried leaves of C. odorata (X1), aqueous ethanol concentration (X2), and the extraction time (X3). The extraction conditions were fixed at 40 kHz and 60 ˚C. The maximum yield of TPC was 111.77 mg GAE/g dry extract at 57 % v/v of aqueous ethanol concentration, 43 mL of solvent/g of dried sample and 35 minutes extraction time.

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petkova ◽  
Manol Ognyanov ◽  
Blaga Inyutin ◽  
Petar Zhelev ◽  
Panteley Denev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Malus Baccata

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Combination: A Green Strategy to Improve the Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Inês Mansinhos ◽  
Sandra Gonçalves ◽  
Raquel Rodríguez-Solana ◽  
José Luis Ordóñez-Díaz ◽  
José Manuel Moreno-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted

The present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of different natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) on the extraction of phenolic compounds from Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco, on the antioxidant activity, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase (Tyr) inhibitory capacities. Ten different NADES were used in this research and compared with conventional solvents. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for 60 min proved to be the best extraction condition, and proline:lactic acid (1:1) and choline chloride:urea (1:2) extracts showed the highest total phenolic contents (56.00 ± 0.77 mgGAE/gdw) and antioxidant activity [64.35 ± 1.74 mgTE/gdw and 72.13 ± 0.97 mgTE/gdw in 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2.2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods, respectively]. These extracts also exhibited enzymes inhibitory capacity particularly against Tyr and AChE. Even so, organic acid-based NADES showed to be the best extractants producing extracts with considerable ability to inhibit enzymes. Twenty-four phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC-HRMS, being rosmarinic acid, ferulic acid and salvianolic acid B the major compounds. The results confirmed that the combination of UAE and NADES provide an excellent alternative to organic solvents for sustainable and green extraction, and have huge potential for use in industrial applications involving the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Grape Pomace

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassiano Brown da Rocha ◽  
Caciano Pelayo Zapata Noreña
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

AbstractThe grape pomace is a by-product from the industrial processing of grape juice, which can be used as a source of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to separate the phenolic compounds from grape pomace using an acidic aqueous solution with 2 % citric acid as a solvent, using both ultrasound-assisted extraction, with powers of 250, 350 and 450 W and times of 5, 10 and 15 min, and microwave-assisted extraction using powers of 600, 800 and 1,000 W and times of 5, 7 and 10 min. The results showed that for both methods of extraction, the contents of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH increased with time, and microwave at 1,000 W for 10 min corresponded to the best extraction condition. However, the contents of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were lower than exhaustive extraction using acidified methanol solution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Extracts Obtained from FruitWastes Using Different Methods

Ingeniería ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Ciliana Florez Montes ◽  
Andrés Felipe Rojas González ◽  
Sneyder Rodríguez Barona
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Context: Currently, the increase in agroindustrial waste generation has encouraged the search for viable use alternatives. In this paper, four methods to obtain extracts from mango, soursop, and grape peels, as well as and grape seeds, are studied. Their efficiency is analyzed through extraction yields and antioxidant capacity characterization of the extracts. Method: The extraction was performed using solvent, Soxhlet, microwave-assisted, and ultrasound assisted extraction. The characterization of the extracts was made by total phenolic compounds and flavonoids quantification, as well as antioxidant capacity determination, using the DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC tests. Results: It was found that grape seed extracts obtained by different extraction methods, highlighting those obtained by microwave assisted extraction, present a high total content phenolic compounds (>321.381,41 ± 3.476,85 μg Gallic Acid/g) and flavonoids (>103.232,01 ± 4.638,19 μg Quercetin/g), in addition to high antioxidant activity, according to the results of the DPPH (<1,06 ± 0,01), FRAP (>152.280,08 ± 5.197,53 µg TROLOX/g), and ORAC (>124.566,81 ± 581,96 μg TROLOX/g) tests. Conclusions: The results presented in this study suggest that the extracts obtained from grape seeds, especially those obtained by means of microwave-assisted extraction, have a potential use in food and pharmaceutical industries, due to their high antioxidant capacity and their total phenolic compounds and flavonoids content.

scholarly journals Extraction of Anthocyanins and Total Phenolic Compounds from Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Using an Experimental Design Methodology. Part 2: Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Aliaño-González ◽  
Estrella Espada-Bellido ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ceferino Carrera ◽  
Miguel Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Two optimized methods for ultrasound-assisted extraction were evaluated for the extraction of two types of acai bioactive compounds: Total anthocyanins (TAs) and total phenolic compounds (TPCs). For the extraction optimization, a Box Behnken factorial design of different variables in the following intervals was used: Methanol-water (25%–75%) for solvent composition, temperatures between 10 and 70 °C, amplitude in the range between 30% and 70% of the maximum amplitude −200 W), extraction solvent pH (2–7), the ratio for sample-solvent (0.5 g:10 mL–0.5 g:20 mL), and cycle between 0.2 and 0.7 s. The extraction kinetics were studied using different periods between 5 and 30 min. TA and TPC were analyzed by UHPLC and the Folin–Ciocalteu method, respectively. Optimized conditions for TA were: 51% MeOH in water, 31 °C temperature, pH 6.38, cycle 0.7 s, 65% amplitude, and 0.5 g:10 mL of sample-solvent ratio. Optimized conditions for the TPC were: 49% MeOH in water, 41 °C temperature, pH 6.98, cycle 0.2 s, 30% amplitude, and 0.5 g:10 mL of sample-solvent ratio. Both methods presented a relative standard deviation below 5% in the precision study. The suitability of the methods was tested in real samples. It was confirmed that these methods are feasible for the extraction of the studied bioactive compounds from different açai matrices.

scholarly journals Optimization of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Functional Ingredients from Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Šic Žlabur ◽  
Sandra Voća ◽  
Nadica Dobričević ◽  
Mladen Brnčić ◽  
Filip Dujmić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Probe Diameter ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Abstract The aim of the present study was to reveal an effective extraction procedure for maximization of the yield of steviol glycosides and total phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant activity in stevia extracts. Ultrasound assisted extraction was compared with conventional solvent extraction. The examined solvents were water (100°C/24 h) and 70% ethanol (at 70°C for 30 min). Qualitative and quantitative analyses of steviol glycosides in the extracts obtained were performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and radical scavenging capacity by 2, 2-azino-di-3-ethylbenzothialozine- sulphonic acid) assay were also determined. The highest content of steviol glycosides, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in stevia extracts were obtained when ultrasound assisted extraction was used. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was correlated with the total amount of phenolic compounds. The results indicated that the examined sonication parameters represented as the probe diameter (7 and 22 mm) and treatment time (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 min) significantly contributed to the yield of steviol glycosides, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. The optimum conditions for the maximum yield of steviol glycosides, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids were as follows: extraction time 10 min, probe diameter 22 mm, and temperature 81.2°C.

scholarly journals In vitro antiplasmodial, cytotoxic and antioxidant effects, and phytochemical constituents of eleven plants used in the traditional treatment of malaria in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Olorunfemi Abraham Eseyin ◽  
Iweh Emmanuel Etim ◽  
Emmanuel E. Attih ◽  
Ekarika Johnson ◽  
Aniefiok Sunday Udobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Milicia Excelsa

Purpose: To evaluate the antiplasmodial effects of eleven plants (Bombax buonopozense, Carica papaya, Anthocleista djalonensis, Milicia excelsa, Heterotis rotundifolia, Homalim letestui, Starchystarpheta cayennnensis, Ocimum gratissimum, Cleistopholis patens, Chromolaena odorata and Hippocratea africana) reportedly used in the treatment of malaria in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. Methods: Phytochemical analysis was done by standard methods, while in vitro antiplasmodial evaluation was carried out using Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquineresistant strains using lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay.  Cytotoxicity test was undertaken by MTT assay on LLC-MK2 cells and the concentration killing 50 % of the cells (CC50) was calculated.Antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Results: Milicia excelsa, Heterotis rotundifolia and Chromolaena odorata had moderate antiplasmodial activity. Ocimum gratissimum and Hippocratea africana were weakly active. Milicia excelsa showed a considerable level of cytotoxicity, while Bombax buonopozense exhibited moderate cytotoxicity. Bombax buonopozense (95.3 %) and Ocimum gratissimum (92.0 %) exhibited high DPPH scavengingeffect comparable to Vitamin C (98.7 %). There was a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between DPPH inhibition and the total phenolic contents of the eleven plants studied (r2 = 0.6616), between DPPH inhibition and flavonoids (r2 = 0.3553), between antiplasmodial activity and saponin content (r2= 0.3992), and between the two antiplasmodial evaluation assay methods (r2 = 0.614).Conclusion: The results of this work provide some justification for the use of Milicia excelsa, Heterotis rotundifolia, Chromolaena odorata, Ocimum gratissimum and Hippocratea africana in the treatment of malaria. Keywords: Antiplasmodial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Phytochemicals, Antimalaria

scholarly journals PENETAPAN KADAR FENOLIK TOTAL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SERUNAI (Chromolaena odorata L.) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Risa Supriningrum ◽  
Henny Nurhasnawati ◽  
Siti Faisah
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Diuretic Agents ◽  
Asteraceae Family ◽  
Compound Test

Serunai (Chromolaena odorata L.) is a medicinal plant, including the Asteraceae family. Serunai is used to treat wounds, mouthwash to treat sore throats, coughs, malaria drugs, headache medications, antidiarrheals, antimicrobials, antispasmodics, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory and diuretic agents. Serunai plants contain chemical compounds tannins, phenols, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. The purpose of this study was to determine the total phenolic content of the leaves of serunai using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. The stages of the research include plant determination, sampling, making of simplicia leaf of serunai, making extract by maceration method, phenolic compound test, determination of total phenolic levels by UV-Vis spectrophotometry with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, comparing gallic acid. The results obtained by an average of total phenolic levels of ethanol extract of serunai is 171.30368 ± 1.9694 mg GAE / g means that in every gram of ethanol extract of flattened leaves is equivalent to 171,30368 mg gallic acid.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Strobile Extracts

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Jae Il Lyu ◽  
Jaihyunk Ryu ◽  
Kyoung-Sun Seo ◽  
Kyung-Yun Kang ◽  
Sang Hoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Solvent

In this study, we investigated the phenolic compounds in hop strobile extracts and evaluated their antioxidant property using DPPH and ABTS assay. The total phenolic compound (TPC) and total flavonoid compound (TFC) estimated in two different solvent extracts considerably varied depending on the extraction solvent. The most abundant phenolic compound in hop strobile was humulones (α-acid) with levels ranging from 50.44 to 193.25 µg/g. El Dorado accession revealed higher antioxidant activity in ethanol extracts (DPPH: IC50 124.3 µg/mL; ABTS: IC50 95.4 µg/mL) when compared with that of the other accessions. Correlations between DPPH (IC50) scavenging TFC in ethanol extract (TFC_E, −0.941), and TPC_E (−0.901), and between ABTS (IC50) scavenging TFC_E (−0.853), and TPC_E (−0.826), were statistically significant at p < 0.01 level, whereas no significant correlation was observed between antioxidant activities, TPC and TFC in water extract. This study is the first to report that variations in the level of phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of various hop cultivars depended on the type of extraction solvent used and the cultivation regions. These results could provide valuable information on developing hop products.

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