Assessing the efficacy of perioperative carprofen administration in dogs undergoing surgical repair of a ruptured cranial cruciate ligament

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Reese ◽  
EJ Trotter ◽  
CE Short ◽  
HN Erb ◽  
LL Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subjective Pain ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Twenty-one otherwise healthy dogs that presented for surgical repair of a ruptured cranial cruciate ligament were blindly and randomly given either carprofen (2.2 mg/kg body weight, orally) or a placebo beginning 12 hours preoperatively and continuing every 12 hours for a total of three doses. The patients were assessed for postoperative pain using a subjective pain score and given oxymorphone (0.1 mg/kg body weight, intramuscularly) every four hours if the pain score was 2 or greater. Blood samples were also collected to determine serum cortisol levels. There was a significant increase in serum cortisol levels in the immediate postoperative period in both the placebo group and the carprofen group (p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of increase in serum cortisol levels between the two groups. No correlation was evident between the serum cortisol levels and the corresponding pain scores in either group. This subjective method of assessing postoperative pain was not accurate and should not be relied upon for determination of postoperative analgesic administration. Perioperative oral administration of carprofen did not appear to be effective in controlling postoperative pain in these patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of morphine and fentanyl in attenuation of Intra operative stress response under general anesthesia: A randomized double blinded study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
R Krishna Prabu ◽  
P Rani ◽  
NP Madhu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: This randomized double blinded study was done to compare the effect of intravenous morphine and fentanyl in attenuation of stress response during surgeries under general anesthesia in adults. The attenuation of stress response was analyzed with changes in serum cortisol and glucose levels one hour after induction of anesthesia. Methods: Fifty consented healthy volunteers in age group 20-50, under ASA I and ASA II posted for elective surgery were included in the study. Two groups of 25 each, group M who received 0.2 mg/kg body weight of morphine and group F who received 2 microgram/kg body weight of fentanyl before anaesthetic induction were compared. The members of two groups were randomly allocated and double blinded using sealed envelope technique. Blood samples were collected for baseline glucose and cortisol in all the subjects. One hour after the administration of study drugs, which was given at the time of induction blood samples were collected for analysis of glucose and cortisol. The changes in blood glucose and serum cortisol levels were compared at the end of the study using independent samples ‘t’ test. Results: There was no significant difference in blood sugar levels in both groups at the end of 1 hour. But there was significant increase in serum cortisol levels in group F compared to group M. Conclusion: This study concludes that morphine is better than fentanyl in attenuation of Intraoperative stress by effectively controlling serum cortisol levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9796 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 65-68

Comparative Analysis of Vertical Forces in Dogs Affected with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease and Tibial Plateau Angles Greater or Less than 25 Degrees

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (06) ◽  
pp. 387-390
Author(s):  
Cássio Ricardo Auada Ferrigno ◽  
Alexandre Navarro Alves de Souza ◽  
Márcio Poletto Ferreira ◽  
Valentine Verpaalen ◽  
Julia Maria Matera
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Meniscal Lesion ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

Abstract Objective Our objective was to compare the peak vertical force (PVF) and vertical impulse (VI) between dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease and a tibial plateau angle (TPA) greater or less than 25 degrees. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 18 dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease in which kinetic gait data were obtained with a pressure walkway system. Dogs were distributed in two groups: dogs with a TPA ≤ 25 degrees (n = 8) and dogs with a TPA > 25 degrees (n = 10). Mean PVF and VI in per cent of body weight (%BW) were compared between groups with an unpaired t-test (p < 0.05). Results Mean PVF and VI for the cranial cruciate ligament disease limb were 14.39%BW and 3.57%BWs for dogs with a TPA >25 degrees and 14.44%BW and 3.47%BWs for dogs with a TPA ≤ 25 degrees. There was no significant difference in mean PVF and VI between the groups. Conclusion The results suggest that there is no difference in kinetic data between dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease and a TPA greater or less than 25 degrees. Other factors such as body weight, time of injury or meniscal lesion could be more related to the magnitude of cranial cruciate ligament disease lameness.

The effects of a novel lateral extracapsular suture system on the kinematics of the cranial cruciate deficient canine stifle

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Lanz ◽  
K. S. Aulakh ◽  
J. R. Butler ◽  
R. M. McLaughlin ◽  
T. A. Harper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Electromagnetic Tracking ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Significant Difference

SummaryObjective To evaluate the relative position of the femur and tibia in cranial cruciate ligament- intact stifles, cranial cruciate ligamentdeficient stifles, and cruciate-deficient stifles following lateral extracapsular suture system (LESS) stabilization under load at specific joint angles.Study design In vitro biomechanical study.Methods Twenty pelvic limbs from 11 dogs were used to evaluate the relative position of the femur and tibia between three stifle conditions (cranial cruciate ligament-intact, cranial cruciate ligament-deficient, and LESSstabilized) at a load of 30% of body weight and stifle angles of 125°, 135°, and 145° using electromagnetic tracking sensors.Results Cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifles had significantly greater (p <0.0001) cranial displacement and internal rotation of the tibia relative to the femur than cranial cruciate ligament-intact or LESS stifles at all stifle angles. Cranial displacement of the tibia relative to the femur for cranial cruciate ligament-intact and LESS stifles were not significantly different from one another at a stifle angle of 125°, but were significantly different at stifle angles of 135° (p = 0.0182) and 145° (p = 0.0012). There was no significant difference in internal rotation of the tibia relative to the femur between the cranial cruciate ligament-intact and LESS stifles at any of the stifle angles.Clinical significance The LESS procedure effectively decreased cranial tibial displacement and eliminated internal rotation of the tibia relative to the femur in the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifles at stifle angles of 125°, 135°, and 145° in vitro.

scholarly journals Use of the modified Insall Salvati method for determination of vertical patellar position in dogs with and without cranial cruciate ligament rupture considering the morphology of the cranio-proximal tibia

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Kňazovický ◽  
Valent Ledecký ◽  
Marián Hluchý ◽  
Marek Ďurej
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Patellar Ligament ◽  
Insertion Point ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

The aim of this study was to evaluate if the modified Insall Salvati (IS) method can be applied for the canine patient despite differences of proximal tibial morphology, and if such potential differences are also seen in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Insall Salvati method is a simple and convenient method for determination of the vertical position of patella, by dividing the length of patella by length of the patellar ligament. The influence of the variable proximal tibial morphology on the modified (IS) index was measured and the value of modified IS index in healthy dogs (n = 25) was compared with dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (n = 26). Medio-lateral radiographs of 102 stifles were evaluated. Patellar ligament length (PLL), patellar length (PL), modified IS ratio and the height of insertion point of patellar ligament on tibial tuberosity were measured. Data of the IS ratio were compared with the value of the height of the insertion point with no significant difference (P = 0.36). There was no significant difference (P = 0.07) in the PLL:PL ratio between dogs affected or unaffected with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Based on the results of this study we can conclude that the morphology of the cranio-proximal tibia and the height of insertion point of the patellar ligament do not have an influence on the value of the modified IS index both in healthy dogs and in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

Conformation of the proximal tibia and cranial cruciate ligament disease in small breed dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kyllar ◽  
Duncan Midgley ◽  
Martin Owen ◽  
Jan Janovec
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tibial Tuberosity ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Relative Body Weight ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease ◽  
Small Breed

SummaryObjectives: To investigate the conformation of the proximal tibia in small breed dogs with and without cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) and to identify morphologic abnormalities that may predispose to development of CCLD.Methods: Mediolateral radiographs of the entire tibia of dogs <15 kg with surgically confirmed CCLD were retrospectively evaluated. Proximal tibial width (PTW), tibial plateau length (TPL), tibial plateau angle as described by Slocum and Slocum (sTPA), proximal tibial tuberosity angle (PTTA), tibial plateau angle as described by Inauen and colleagues (nTPA), and diaphyseal tibial width (DTW) were measured. The same variables were obtained from mediolateral radiographs of the entire tibia of dogs <15 kg without CCLD. In addition, a quotient nTPA/ PTW, relative tibial tuberosity width (rTTW), and relative body weight (rBW) were calculated for each dog. Independent two-sample t-test (p = 0.05) was used to compare mean ± SD of all measured variables between the two groups.Results: Gender, age, and weight mean ± SD were not significantly different between the two groups of dogs (p <0.05). Dogs with CCLD had significantly greater sTPA (p = 0.015) and rBW (p = 0.016).Clinical significance: In dogs of small breeds, a combination of an excessively steep tibial plateau and an increased relative body weight may predispose to early CCLD development. The slope of the tibial plateau was found to be caused by an abnormal caudal angulation of the proximal tibia, a phenomenon previously associated with CCLD development in small breed dogs in individual cases.

Evaluation of Postoperative Pain after Sinonasal Surgery

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Wise ◽  
Justin C. Wise ◽  
John M. DelGaudio
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Pain Location ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Analgesic Use

Background Pain after sinonasal surgery concerns both patients and surgeons. Factors affecting sinonasal postoperative pain have not been examined extensively. Methods Using a prospective survey design, sinonasal surgery patients evaluated postoperative pain (on a scale of 0–10), pain location, and medication use. Results One hundred twenty-seven patients consented to participate. One hundred fifteen patients returned surveys, with 100 patients appropriate for analysis over the 6-day postoperative period. Pain score and medication use were evaluated with respect to sex, primary/revision case, nasal packing, and other factors. Repeated measures analysis of variance and chi-square analysis were conducted (p < 0.05). Pain ratings and analgesic use declined significantly over the postoperative period (p < 0.05). Mean pain score on postoperative day (POD) 1 was 3.61 and on POD 6 was 1.72. Mean medication use was 1.37 tablets on POD 1 and 0.55 tablets on POD 6. Additionally, a significant interaction existed, such that narcotic medication use declined from 1.91 tablets on POD 1 to 0.52 tablets on POD 6, whereas nonnarcotic medication use remained steady (p < 0.05). Periorbital pain was most frequent (46.3%), with unilateral facial pain reported least (4.1%). A significant difference existed for distribution of pain location (p < 0.05). Finally, the difference in pain rating between primary and revision procedure for women (0.65) was less than for men (1.12); this interaction was significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion Multiple patient and operative factors affect pain rating and medication use after sinonasal surgery. Generally, pain level should be low with little analgesic use postoperatively.

scholarly journals Comparison of cortisol levels in patients with vasovagal syncope and postural tachycardia syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humaira Fayyaz ◽  
Shazadi Ambreen ◽  
Hammad Raziq ◽  
Azmat Hayyat
Keyword(s):  
Vasovagal Syncope ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Tilt Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postural Tachycardia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Objectives: To compare the levels of cortisol in patients of vasovagal syncope (VVS) and postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi and Electrophysiology Department at (AFIC). This study included 80 subjects, comprising of 35 patients in each group of vasovagal syncope and postural tachycardia syndrome and 10 healthy subjects. Patients with complaint of syncope was evaluated for vasovagal syncope and postural tachycardia syndrome using Head Up Tilt Test (HUTT). Blood samples of all the participants were taken and serum cortisol was analyzed using ELISA method. Results were analyzed on SPSS Statistics 21 using ANOVA with a p-value of ≤0.05 regarded as significant. Results: Hormonal analysis shows that cortisol levels in the vasovagal, postural tachycardia syndrome and in control group was 153±16.7pg/ml, 160.17±pg/ml, and 69.65±5.8pg/ml respectively. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in both vasovagal and POTS groups as compared to controls with a p-value of 0.04 and 0.023 respectively. However, there was no significant difference between vasovagal and POTS patients with p value 0.570. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that cortisol responses of VVS and POTS were positive. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4122 How to cite this:Khan HF, Ambreen S, Raziq H, Hayat A. Comparison of cortisol levels in patients with vasovagal syncope and postural tachycardia syndrome. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4122 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Morphometric characteristics of the patellar tendon

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Milodrag Vranjes ◽  
Ivan Vukasinovic ◽  
Mirko Obradovic ◽  
Mile Bjelobrk ◽  
Zlatko Budinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
The Body ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Introduction. The most common injuries of the knee joint are injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament. The golden standard in reconstruction of this ligament is graft bone - patellar tendon - bone. Knowing the morphometric characteristics of these ligaments is crucial for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. This study was aimed at determining morphometric characteristics of the patellar tendon in vivo, measured intraoperatively, and at defining the correlation between the obtained values and body weight, height, gender and sport activity among different groups of athletes. Material and Methods. This study included 184 patients suffering from anterior cruciate ligament injuries who were admitted to the Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology. Results. The patellar tendon width ranged from 28 mm to 43 mm, averaging at 32.02 mm. The length of the patellar tendon ranged from 35 mm to 62 mm, averaging at 46.34 mm. The thickness of the patellar tendon ranged from 3 mm to 6 mm, averaging at 3.78 mm. The measured results were positively and statistically relevant with the body mass, height and body mass index. Discussion and Conclusion. The patellar tendon was thicker, longer and wider in persons with higher values of body weight and height. Men have statistically longer, thicker and wider patellar tendon than women. There was no statistically significant difference between morphometric characteristics of the patellar tendon among professional athletes and recreational athletes, neither was there one in the obtained geometric data of the patellar tendon among tested groups of professional athletes.

scholarly journals Minimally Invasive Video-assisted Thyroidectomy vs Conventional Open Hemithyroidectomy in Asian Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Reyaz M Singaporewalla ◽  
Anil D Rao ◽  
Arunesh Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Incision Length ◽  
Video Assisted ◽  
Asian Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conventional Open Surgery

ABSTRACT Introduction Although the technique of minimally invasive video assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) is well established in continental Europe, data on it's role in Asian patients is limited. We compared the results of MIVAT with conventional open hemithyroidectomy in Asian patients. Materials and methods Over a 1-year period, patients undergoing hemithyroidectomy for benign symptomatic goiters were selected. Inclusion criteria for MIVAT were benign colloid goiters, recurrent cysts or follicular lesions and neoplasms with lobe volume of less than 40 cc or nodule diameter less than 35 mm. Larger goiters underwent conventional open surgery. Patients with previous neck surgery and proven malignancy were excluded. Operative time, complications, postoperative pain score, incision length and cosmetic satisfaction at 6 months were recorded. Results Thirty-six patients (MIVAT-21, Conventional-15) were included. Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic profile and co-morbidities. The mean operating time for both groups showed no significant difference (MIVAT = 111.67 ± 19.4 min, Conventional = 112.40 ± 25.06 min; p = 0.925). Minimally invasive video assisted thyroidectomy patients had significantly less pain in the immediate postoperative period (mean pain score 2.38 vs 4.8, p < 0.001). Mean incision length at end of surgery was significantly smaller in the MIVAT group (2.58 vs 6.3 cm; p < 0.001). Neck scar satisfaction at 6 months was excellent in 71.4% of MIVAT cases vs 26.6% of conventional hemithyroidectomy cases. There were no complications in any of the treatment groups. Conclusion In selected cases, MIVAT is as safe as conventional open surgery with distinct advantages of better postoperative pain control and cosmesis. How to cite this article Rao AD, Singaporewalla RM, Majumder A. Minimally Invasive Video-assisted Thyroidectomy vs Conventional Open Hemithyroidectomy in Asian Patients. World J Endoc Surg 2016;8(3):189-192.

Tibial Plateau Symmetry and the Effect of Osteophytosis on Tibial Plateau Angle Measurements

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew John Ritter ◽  
Ruby L. Perry ◽  
N. Bari Olivier ◽  
Sun Young Kim ◽  
Loic M. Dejardin
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Medial Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
The Face

A novel technique was developed to estimate the caudal medial tibial plateau landmark in the face of osteophytosis to improve accuracy in tibial plateau angle measurements. Using this technique, tibial plateau angles were evaluated in 31 normal dogs before and 8 months after right cranial cruciate ligament transection. There was no significant difference in mean tibial plateau angle before or after induction of osteophytosis. Additionally, it was determined that 90% of dogs had a difference of =2° between right and left tibial plateau angles, which was considered symmetrical.

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