scholarly journals Open Social Knowledge Creation and Library and Archival Metadata

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Dean Seeman ◽  
Heather Dean
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Archival Description ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Social Tagging ◽  
Archival Studies ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Research Communities ◽  
Resource Description

Standardization both reflects and facilitates the collaborative and networked approach to metadata creation within the fields of librarianship and archival studies. These standards—such as Resource Description and Access and Rules for Archival Description—and the theoretical frameworks they embody enable professionals to work more effectively together. Yet such guidelines also determine who is qualified to undertake the work of cataloging and processing in libraries and archives. Both fields are empathetic to facilitating user-generated metadata and have taken steps towards collaborating with their research communities (as illustrated, for example, by social tagging and folksonomies) but these initial experiments cannot yet be regarded as widely adopted and radically open and social. This paper explores the recent histories of descriptive work in libraries and archives and the challenges involved in departing from deeply established models of metadata creation.

Knowledge Organization as Knowledge Creation: Surfacing Community Participation in Archival Arrangement and Description

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 502-521
Author(s):  
Greg Bak ◽  
Danielle Allard ◽  
Shawna Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
News Media ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Archival Description ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Library And Archives Canada ◽  
Archival Record ◽  
The University

Remix or bricolage is recognized as a primary mode of knowledge creation in contemporary digital culture. Archival arrangement represents a form of bricolage that archivists have been practicing for years. By organizing records according to provenance, archivists engage in knowledge creation. Archival theory holds that records are created as an output from social and bureaucratic processes. Archival description, then, could serve as a form of archival record, bearing evidence of the processes of archival arrangement. Current participatory and community-based approaches to archival description urgently require an evidential record of their processes of community consultation and professional mediation. This paper examines two Canadian community-based, participatory archival projects. Project Naming, at Library and Archives Canada, draws upon Inuit community contributions to augment the often sparse and sometimes offensive descriptions of historic photos of arctic peoples. The Sex Work Database at the University of Manitoba, works with sex work activists to create and apply a tagging folksonomy to a collection of websites, organizational records and news media. Analysis of these diverse, community-based projects reveals how current approaches to description make it difficult to distinguish between professional and community contributions to arrangement and description, and proposes ways to make such contributions more apparent.

scholarly journals Dispersed/Networked Open Social Discovery Research: Applications for Humanistic Machine Learning & Topic Modelling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Broad Audience ◽  
Democratic Engagement ◽  
Rich Spectrum

One of the benefits of open social scholarship also presents researchers with a challenge: the dispersed nature of the knowledge breakthroughs presented by a diverse network of scholars inside and outside of the academy. Accessibility enhances the broad reach of open social scholarship, leading to a democratic engagement across a culturally rich spectrum of participants. But such processes do not necessarily provide coherent critical constellations or knowledge clusters from the perspective of the broad audience. Further, due to the positive benefits of functioning as a group, open social scholarship groups may ignore or simply not register potential discovery research breakthroughs that do not meet the criteria for the groups’ success. In all three instances (knowledge dispersal; lack of knowledge development coherence for all of the community and non-community members across a network; parallel knowledge breakthroughs that remain dispersed/unrecognized), machine learning and topic modelling can provide a methodology for recognizing and understanding open social knowledge creation.

scholarly journals Exploring Cross-Cultural Differences In Social Knowledge Creation And Exchange: A Preliminary Examination

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Girard ◽  
Andy Bertsch
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
The Social

This paper chronicles an exploratory, in-progress research project that compares the findings of Hofstede’s cross-cultural research with those of Forrester’s Social Technographics research.  The aim of the project is to determine if a relationship exists between cultural differences and social knowledge creation and exchange.  Part one of the study mapped Davenport and Prusak’s information and knowledge creation theories to the six components of Forrester’s Social Technographics study (creators, critics, collectors, joiners, spectators, and inactives).  Next, the Social Technographics results from 13 nations were compared with Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions (power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity).  The analysis included exploring the relationship visually using 24 scatter diagrams, running correlation coefficients (Peasson’s r) for each relationship, testing for significance of Pearson’s r, and finally conducting regression analyses on each relationship. Although the authors believe that culture influences behaviours, this study did not reveal any reasonable relationships between culture and placement along the Social Technographics.  However, it is possible that there exists problems in the Hofstede scales.  The Hofstede scales have been highly criticized in the literature.  It may be that other cross-cultural models such as GLOBE, Schwartz, Triandis, or others may yield different results.  In this regard, further research is necessary.  The next phase of the project will compare Social Technographics with the GLOBE project findings.

Integrating the Social Media Engine with Large-scale Open Access Repositories: A Discussion

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Meneses
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Social

The Social Media Engine relies on interactive computer-mediated technologies and the increased impact, readership, and alt-metrics present in open access repositories—while fostering public engagement, open social scholarship, and social knowledge creation by matching readers with publications. In this paper I focus on a discussion that explores the possibilities of integrating a search engine that ranks its results according to trends in social media with large-scale open access repositories. Ultimately, this discussion aims to explore the implications of creating tools to emphasize the connections between documents that can be treated as objects of study as well.

scholarly journals Can Children Really Create Knowledge?

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Bereiter ◽  
Marlene Scardamalia
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
Declarative Knowledge ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
School Knowledge ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Research Communities ◽  
New Knowledge

Can children genuinely create new knowledge, as opposed to merely carrying out activities that resemble those of mature scientists and innovators? The answer is yes, provided the comparison is not to works of genius but to standards that prevail in ordinary research communities. One important product of knowledge creation is concepts and tools that enable further knowledge creation. This is the kind of knowledge creation of greatest value in childhood education. Examples of it, drawn from elementary school knowledge-building classrooms, are examined to show both the attainability and the authenticity of knowledge creation to enable knowledge creation. It is mainly achieved through students’ theory building, and it is a powerful way of converting declarative knowledge to productive knowledge.

scholarly journals Intersections Between Social Knowledge Creation and Critical Making

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Arbuckle ◽  
Alex Christie ◽  
ETCL Research Group ◽  
INKE Research Group ◽  
MVP Research Group
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Communication Practice ◽  
Research Production ◽  
Critical Making ◽  
Scholarly Production

This article outlines the practices of digital scholarly communication (moving research production and dissemination online), critical making (producing theoretical insights by transforming digitized heritage materials), and social knowledge creation (collaborating in online environments to produce shared knowledge products). In addition to exploring these practices and their principles, this article argues for a combination of these activities in order to engender knowledge production chains that connect multiple institutions and communities. Highlighting the relevance of critical making theory for scholarly communication practice, this article provides examples of theoretical research that offer tangible products for expanding and enriching scholarly production.

scholarly journals Digital decolonization and activist tagging in the Post-Apology Residential School Database

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Allard ◽  
Shawna Ferris ◽  
Kiera Ladner ◽  
Carmen Miedema
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Residential Schools ◽  
Archival Description ◽  
Residential School ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Nous Concluons ◽  
Indian Residential Schools ◽  
Base De Données ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Media Responses

The Post-apology Residential School Database, or PARSD, is a collection of digital and digitized news media responses to and representations of Indian Residential Schools since the Canadian government’s official apology in Parliament on June 11th, 2008. In this conceptual paper, we discuss PARSD tagging practices, describing how our archival description approach is informed by feminist and anti-colonial theoretical frameworks and outlining how project members and ‘guest taggers’ describe, organize, and display PARSD records to promote decolonization. We conclude by considering both the potential and possible limitations that these practices may play in decolonizing and reconciling research.La Base de données sur les pensionnats après la présentation des excuses est une collection de réactions et de représentations des pensionnats indiens dans les médias numériques et numérisés depuis les excuses officielles du gouvernement canadien au Parlement le 11 juin 2008. Dans cet article conceptuel, nous discutons des pratiques de marquage dans la base de données, en décrivant comment notre approche de description archivistique est influencée par les cadres théoriques féministes et anticoloniaux et comment les membres du projet et les 'tagueurs invités' décrivent, organisent et affichent les notices de la base de données de façon à promouvoir la décolonisation. Nous concluons en considérant à la fois les limites potentielles et possibles que ces pratiques peuvent imposer dans la décolonisation et la réconciliation de la recherche.

Theorizing the Research-Practice Gap in the Field of Management

2016 ◽  
pp. 101-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Tkachenko ◽  
Huh-Jung Hahn ◽  
Shari Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Engaged Scholarship ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Practice Gap

This chapter provides a review of key theoretical frameworks and models in the field of Management that conceptualize various aspects representative of the research-practice gap phenomenon. In particular, the authors discuss the scholarly literature and review key frameworks and models on the topic by elaborating on three streams of research: the rigor-relevance debate; knowledge creation and production; and the role of educational institutions in bridging the gap. In addition, more recent, and, rather, holistic perspectives on narrowing the research-practice divide are also presented. These perspectives are Engaged Scholarship and Evidence-Based Management. The chapter concludes with solutions and recommendations aimed at fostering the convergence between research and practice.

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