Correlation of SaO2 in patients of COVID-19 with and without COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2945-2947
Author(s):  
Ali Faheem ◽  
Misbah-ul- Qamar ◽  
Saveela Sadaqat ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Rizwan Masud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Time Distribution ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
The World ◽  
Pulmonary Cells ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
The Difference

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc throughout the world, with 150 million cases to date and over 3 million lives claimed worldwide. Aim: To explored the difference in levels of SaO2 of COVID-19 positive patients with and without COPD. Study design: Experimental Study. Methodology: From May2020 to 2021 patients admitted at Aziz Bhatti Shaheed hospital were included in this studies. COVID-19 was confirmed by RT-PCR.COPD was confirmed by using GOLD standard of diagnostic criteria. SaO2 was measured by using pulse oximeter and confirmed by blood samples measurement of SaO2. Statistical analysis: SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis. Paired sample t test was performed to evaluate the hypoxia levels between three pairs among the time distribution of 1st, 3rd, and 6th, day. Results: Levels of SaO2 were statistically significant between COVID-19 positive patients and COVID-19 positive patients with COPD. We calculated the levels of SaO2 at day1, 3rd, and 6th day and results were significant to show that COPD might be having some protective effect against hypoxia and that might be due to use of medications or adaptation of pulmonary cells. Conclusion: It was concluded that levels of SaO2 was significantly reduced in COVID-19 patients without COPD in comparison to patients without COPD. Keywords: COVID-19, COPD and SaO2.

scholarly journals Department of Oral Biology Faculty of Dentistry Hasanuddin University Makassar, Indonesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Asmawati Asmawati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Many

Oral infections can be caused by the many microorganisms that occupy the oral cavity. Tongue is one of thevulnerable areas of the oral cavity occupied by microorganisms, in which colonized bacteria may cause disease.Mechanical tongue cleansing using tongue scraper can reduce anaerobic bacteria on dorsal of the tongue. Theobjective of this study was to observe the difference of anaerobic bacteria amount on dorsal of the tongue before andafter mechanical tongue cleansing using tongue scraper. This was laboratory experimental study with sampleconsists of 25 students selected by random sampling method. The results showed that the amount of bacteria isdecreased approximately 28% after tongue cleansing using tongue scraper. Based on the statistical analysis with tteston α=0.05, there is a difference on the amount of anaerobic bacteria on dorsal of the tongue before and aftermechanical tongue cleansing using tongue scraper.

scholarly journals BANKING STOCK ABNORMAL RETURN ANALYSIS OF PRE AND POST MERGER AND ACQUISITION IN INDONESIA

JEMBATAN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Rivanny Astricia ◽  
Isni Andriana ◽  
Reza Ghasarma
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Abnormal Return ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Merger And Acquisition ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Event Study Methodology

The number of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in Indonesia is growing because of government policy and also their usefulness as a corporate tool to pursue strategic growth and profit. This study aims to analyze the abnormal returns of banking industries pre and post-merger and acquisition in Indonesia. Using a sample of 7 M&A deals in Indonesia from 2018 to 2019, the event study methodology used in this study is Paired Sample T-Test to tell the difference between pre and post abnormal returns. The data that use for calculating is -30 until +30 of Merger and Acquisition. The result shows that from 7 mergers and acquisition there is only one bank that has a significant difference while the rest does not have a significant difference pre and post the event. This research hopefully can be used for further research, useful for investment practitioners.

scholarly journals Interpersonal trust and socio-demographic indicators: analysis of World Values Survey data

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The World ◽  
Demographic Indices ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level

The article focuses on identifying and analyzing links between interpersonal trust indices and socio-demographic indicators based on a sample of adults who participated in the World Values Survey (WVS). The following key issues are addressed: review of definitions and confidence indicators; review of publications devoted to the study of relationship between trust and economic development of countries; statistical analysis of five demographic indices (gender, age, life satisfaction, income level and education) in samples of respondents formed by the criterion of level of interpersonфal trust. The purpose of this study is to characterize the relationship between socio-demographic indicators and indices of interpersonal trust using statistical methods of analysis. The paper considers a sample of 78,632 respondents in 2010-2014 who participated in the World Values Survey. The data is divided into two groups: a cluster of respondents with a high level of interpersonal trust, and one – with a low level of interpersonal trust. The hypothesis, that the average values of socio-demographic indicators in both clusters are the same, was tested. Using a statistical analysis of the sample, which consists of 78,632 respondents in the period during 2010 through 2014, the hypothesis was rejected for the following indicators: "age", "education", "satisfaction with life", "income". The average values of these indicators are higher in a cluster with a high level of interpersonal trust. Using t-test, we proved that the difference between the indicators in the clusters is significant. Gender split is mostly equal in both clusters. This suggests that the level of interpersonal trust is the same for both sexes. It was shown that the coefficients of variation of traits in clusters do not exceed the coefficients of their variation in the whole sample (except for a slight deviation), which indicates that such clusterization indeed captures valuable characteristics of the population.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LATIHAN VARIASI SHOOTING KE ARAH GAWANG TERHADAP AKURASI SHOOTING DALAM PERMAINAN SEPAK BOLA PADA PEMAIN U-14 SSB TUNAS MUDA BENGKULU

KINESTETIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
Ade Junaidi ◽  
Tono Sugihartono ◽  
Ari Sutisyana ◽  
Defliyanto Defliyanto
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Initial Test ◽  
Final Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Test Result

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of variation shooting into the goal on shooting accuracy in the game of football. The population in this study were 30 players Age 14 SSB Shooter Young Bengkulu. Experimental study using one group pretest-posttest design research with sampling technique is total sampling, where the entire population is sampled. Based on the research, the result of pretest = 22.46 in the category of less once and posttest = 27.86 in the category less by the difference of 5.4. Statistical analysis used in this research is t test. The result of t test result of calculation between initial test and final test there is significant influence. The calculation result states that t count = 16,119> t table = 1,699 with level ? = 0,05 then Ho rejected and Ha accepted meaning there is significant influence of shooting variation into the goal on shooting accuracy in the game of football. So it can be concluded that the influence of shooting variation into the goal on shooting accuracy in the game of football on the player Age 14 SSB Shooter Young Bengkulu.Keywords: Exercise, Accuracy, Shooting.

scholarly journals Comparison of three different instruments for orthodontic study model analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
JC Julyan ◽  
Jennifer Julyan ◽  
Johny De Lange
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Models ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Comprehensive Study

INTRODUCTION: A proper model analysis forms a vital part of the orthodontic diagnosis process, but it remains a time-consuming procedure. In day-to-day practice, many orthodontists assess the models subjectively, without applying analytical tests, due to the time it takes to do proper model analysis.1,2 Plaster dental models have long been the gold standard for orthodontic study model analysis and to calculate the Bolton index for tooth size disproportions, as well as intra-arch space discrepancies.3,4 Vernier callipers or needle pointed dividers are traditionally used to perform measurements on dental models.5 More recently digital orthodontic study models that are computer-based have been developed and have the potential to replace the traditional plaster orthodontic models.6 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to do model analysis on one hundred orthodontic cases by making use of three different measuring tools. The objective was to see if a difference exists with regards to the measurements produced by the three different instruments and to compare the instruments with each other. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three different instruments were used to measure Ave values on one hundred orthodontic study models. The three instruments included a Boley Gauge, Digital Vernier Calliper and Carestream 3600 scanner with accompanying software. The five values measured on the study models were: maxillary intercanine width, maxillary intermolar width, mesio-distal width of tooth 11, mesio-distal width of tooth 46 and mesio-distal width of tooth 41. RESULTS: The statistical analysis performed showed that the difference in measurements produced by the three instruments were not statistically significant for the inter-molar width (p = 0.849), intercanine width (p = 0.657), mesio-distal width of tooth 11 (p = 0.178) and mesio-distal width of tooth 41 (p = 0.240 The difference in measurements for the mesio-distal width of tooth 46 were statistically significant (p<0.01). However no clinically significant difference was found when the measurements produced by the three instruments were compared. CONCLUSIONS: All three of the instruments produced accurate measurements and can be used confidently when doing a comprehensive study model analysis for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The values produced were similar for all three instruments with insignificant differences between the three.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Speculative Realism and Science Fiction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Willems
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cormac Mccarthy ◽  
Doris Lessing ◽  
Speculative Realism ◽  
Neil Gaiman ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quentin Meillassoux

A human-centred approach to the environment is leading to ecological collapse. One of the ways that speculative realism challenges anthropomorphism is by taking non-human things to be as valid objects of investivation as humans, allowing a more responsible and truthful view of the world to take place. Brian Willems uses a range of science fiction literature that questions anthropomorphism both to develop and challenge this philosophical position. He looks at how nonsense and sense exist together in science fiction, the way in which language is not a guarantee of personhood, the role of vision in relation to identity formation, the difference between metamorphosis and modulation, representations of non-human deaths and the function of plasticity within the Anthropocene. Willems considers the works of Cormac McCarthy, Paolo Bacigalupi, Neil Gaiman, China Miéville, Doris Lessing and Kim Stanley Robinson are considered alongside some of the main figures of speculative materialism including Graham Harman, Quentin Meillassoux and Jane Bennett.

Between High Culture and Low Culture; and also The Difference Between Popular Culture and Folk Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kunal Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Common People ◽  
High Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Culture

High culture is a collection of ideologies, beliefs, thoughts, trends, practices and works-- intellectual or creative-- that is intended for refined, cultured and educated elite people. Low culture is the culture of the common people and the mass. Popular culture is something that is always, most importantly, related to everyday average people and their experiences of the world; it is urban, changing and consumeristic in nature. Folk culture is the culture of preindustrial (premarket, precommodity) communities.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EDUCATION AND TOLERANCE IN STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR GLEB NAYDONOV
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Interethnic Differences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Different Levels

The article considers the students’ tolerance as a spectrum of personal manifestations of respect, acceptance and correct understanding of the rich diversity of cultures of the world, values of others’ personality. The purpose of the study is to investgate education and the formation of tolerance among the students. We have compiled a training program to improve the level of tolerance for interethnic differences. Based on the statistical analysis of the data obtained, the most important values that are significant for different levels of tolerance were identified.

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