Speculative Realism and Science Fiction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Willems
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cormac Mccarthy ◽  
Doris Lessing ◽  
Speculative Realism ◽  
Neil Gaiman ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quentin Meillassoux

A human-centred approach to the environment is leading to ecological collapse. One of the ways that speculative realism challenges anthropomorphism is by taking non-human things to be as valid objects of investivation as humans, allowing a more responsible and truthful view of the world to take place. Brian Willems uses a range of science fiction literature that questions anthropomorphism both to develop and challenge this philosophical position. He looks at how nonsense and sense exist together in science fiction, the way in which language is not a guarantee of personhood, the role of vision in relation to identity formation, the difference between metamorphosis and modulation, representations of non-human deaths and the function of plasticity within the Anthropocene. Willems considers the works of Cormac McCarthy, Paolo Bacigalupi, Neil Gaiman, China Miéville, Doris Lessing and Kim Stanley Robinson are considered alongside some of the main figures of speculative materialism including Graham Harman, Quentin Meillassoux and Jane Bennett.

scholarly journals What Difference Does Posthumanism Make?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Crellin ◽  
Oliver J.T. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Productive Force ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper we argue that to understand the difference Posthumanism makes to the relationship between archaeology, agency and ontology, several misconceptions need to be corrected. First, we emphasize that Posthumanism is multiple, with different elements, meaning any critique needs to be carefully targeted. The approach we advocate is a specifically Deleuzian and explicitly feminist approach to Posthumanism. Second, we examine the status of agency within Posthumanism and suggest that we may be better off thinking about affect. Third, we explore how the approach we advocate treats difference in new ways, not as a question of lack, or as difference ‘from’, but rather as a productive force in the world. Finally, we explore how Posthumanism allows us to re-position the role of the human in archaeology,

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of libraries – the role of ISO 16439

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Creaser
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Standard ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Library Impact ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Library impact and how to evaluate it has been debated for a number of years. While the activity – the busy-ness – of the library is now routinely measured and described, the difference the library makes is less tangible and harder to measure. Libraries in all sectors and worldwide are grappling with this issue, and the purpose of this paper is to summarise international standards available to support them. Design/methodology/approach The first international standard concerning library impact, ISO 16439 Information and documentation – methods and procedures for assessing the impact of libraries, was published in 2014 after several years in development. Findings The standard describes a range of methods for assessing library impact which have been used across the world in a variety of libraries in all sectors. Originality/value This paper summarises the key methods described in the standard, and gives references for further reading.

scholarly journals Doris Lessing’s Science Fiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Ms. Shikha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Doris Lessing ◽  
Feminist Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Private Problems ◽  
Post War ◽  
Story Writer

Doris Lessing, the Nobel Laureate (1919-2007), a British novelist, poet, a writer of epic scope, playwright, librettist, biographer and short story writer. She was the “most fearless woman novelist in the world, unabashed ex-communist and uncompromising feminist”. Doris has earned the great reputation as a distinguished and outstanding writer. She raised local and private problems of England in post-war period with emphasis on man-woman relationship, feminist movement, welfare state, socio-economic and political ethos, population explosion, terrorism and social conflicts in her novels.

scholarly journals Intelligentsia Like a Challenge: the Identity of the Russian Intelligentsia in the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
О. M. Zdravomyslova ◽  
N. V. Kutukova
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Moral Code ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian Intelligentsia

The article is devoted to the problem of the Russian intelligentsia identity formation in the 21st century. The authors trace a historical path that the Russian intelligentsia has gone through. Russian philosophers of the 20th century rated this path as tragic, noting that the intelligentsia itself wrote its own history, having captured it in great cultural texts well known in Russia and in the world. The need to understand oneself, one’s purpose, to understand the peculiarity of the situation in Russia and the world is an expression of the intelligentsia’s self-consciousness. Cultural memory, allowing the intelligentsia to maintain its own integrity, plays a leading role in shaping the identity of the intelligentsia. It allows for its own integrity to be maintained. The Russian intelligentsia is a socio-cultural type, including the complex mix of ideas and values which has been shaped since the end of the 18th century in difficult historical conditions. From the beginning, the intelligentsia tried to solve the problem of Russian modernization through enlightening, initiating social changes and participating in them. The Russian intelligentsia formed a special character - psychological traits and behavior, opposite to the type of European intellectuals. Until now, the Russian intelligentsia argues about itself, becoming sometimes closer to European intellectuals, but affirming sometimes its singularity. Nevertheless, in modern Russia there is a widespread perception that the intelligentsia is being replaced by a class of intellectuals - professionals, experts, and public intellectuals which strive to influence the formation of public discourse and the discourse of power. In the course of post-Soviet transformations, the intelligentsia began to lose not only the role of public and political actor, but also the role of the moral elite. The consequences of this process are destructive for younger generations and society as a whole. The study conducted by the authors of the article shows that the discourse of intelligentsia is changing as well as the discourse about it, although the intelligentsia is being constructed in a process of permanent dispute about the past, present and future of Russia. At the same time, intellectual identity is being formed in this dispute. So, it would be wrong to perceive the Russian intelligentsia as an unchanging phenomenon. Its openness to cultural and social changes allows us to talk about the formation of the intelligentsia of the 21st century. The study also reveals that the attitudes towards the intelligentsia expressed by the young generation of educated Russians living in an open, global world, are changing. The new vision of the intelligentsia is similar to its European perception as an intellectual elite. At the same time, a desire of young Russians to turn to the values historically constituting the moral code of the Russian intelligentsia, is observed. Thus, it cannot be said that the intelligentsia has disappeared from Russian public life; instead, the intelligentsia identity is a cultural challenge for the younger generation of modern Russians.

Көркөм тексттеги диалогдун табияты

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
А.М. Токтосунова
Keyword(s):  
Literary Text ◽  
Conversational Speech ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

Аннотация. Макалада көркөм тексттеги диалогдун табияты жана аткарган кызматы жөнүндө сөз болот. Мисалдагы диалогдор Ч.Айтматовдун, Т.Касымбековдун чыгармаларынан алынып, талдоо жүргүзүлдү. Диалогдук кептин көркөм чыгармадагы орду жана оозеки кептеги диалогдон айырмачылыгы жөнүндө маалымат берилди. Диалог каармандардын деңгэлин, социалдык, моралдык, психологиялык, интеллектуалдык өзгөчөлүктөрүн, коомдогу социалдык-психологиялык кырдаалды ар тараптуу туюндурушу тууралуу сөз козголот. Ошону менен бирге диалогдун автордук идеяга, анын тажрыйбасына, чеберчилигине, дүйнө таанымына, чыгармачылык деңгээлине байланыштуу макалада белгиленди. Диалог аркылуу образ түзүү, дүйнөнү образдуу чагылдырылып берилери мисалдар менен бекемделди. Б.Усубалиевдин, Т.С.Маразыковдун пикирлери жетекчиликке алынды. Түйүндүү сөздөр: диалог, коммуникация, коннотация, стиль, семантика, функционалдык стиль, эстетика, прагматика, образ, подтексттик информация. Аннотация. В этой статье рассматриваются природа диалога и его роли в художественном тексте. Анализ приведен на примерах произведений Ч. Айтматова и Т. Касымбекова. Дана информация места диалога в художественных произведениях и устной речи, и различия от устной речи. В статье речь идёт о роли диалога в социально-психологической, моральной, интеллектуальной характеристике героев в различных социально-психологических ситуациях. В статье отмечается, что диалог связан с идеями, опытом, мировоззрением, уровнем творческого мастерства автора. Приведены примеры того, что через диалог создаются образы, даётся образная картина мира в различных условиях и ситуациях в художественной литературе. Взяты за руководство мнения Б.Усубалиева и Т. Маразыкова. Ключевые слова: диалог, коммуникация, коннотация, стиль, семантика, функциональный стиль, эстетика, прагматика, образ, подтекстная информация. Annotation. In the article the speech is going about the nature of dialogue and the literary text. The dialogues on examples are from Ch. Aitmatov᾿s and T. Kasymbekov᾿s works and they were analysed. It has been informed about the difference the role of dialogue in creative works and conversational speech. The article deals with the role of dialogue in the socio-psychological, moral, intellectual characterization of the characters in various socio-psychological situations. The article notes that the dialogue is connected with the ideas, experience, worldview, level of the creative skill of the author. Examples are given that images are created through dialogue, an imaginative picture of the world is given in various conditions and situations in fiction.The article has been guided by the opinions of T. Marazykov and B. Usubaliev. Keyword: dialogue, communication, connotation, style, semantics, functional style, aesthetics, pragmatics, image, subtext information.

Conclusion and Epilogue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Strasser
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Women's Agency ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
A Site

The conclusion summarizes the main findings of this book’s exploration of the transgenerational and transregional Jesuit chain of influence in the early modern world. It stresses the simultaneously mimetic and individualistic manifestations of missionary masculinity and the role of media in reproducing it. While Jesuit masculinity left traces on societies around the world, the men and women whom the missionaries believed to have converted in turn also reformed European Catholicism. An epilogue takes the story to today’s US-controlled Guam where Chamorro Catholicism provides a site for anti-imperial critique and identity-formation, reflecting a process that began with the events narrated in this book. Notably, twenty-first-century Chamorro death customs still show vestiges of early modern matrilineal traditions and indigenous women’s agency.

Understanding Cosmo-Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Reham Hosny
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Political World ◽  
Central Objective ◽  
Neil Gaiman ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The central objective of this paper is to provide a new conceptual theoretical framework starting from the role of new new media in shaping a new kind of literature, which I call Cosmo-Literature. Towards this, I start working from Levinson’s differentiation among old media, new media, and new new media to arrive at the difference among the variable types of media. Next, I address the role of new new media in establishing world democracies and changing the social, cultural, and political world map. After that, I investigate the terms of “global village” and “cosmopolitanism” in relation to literature. To clarify what I mean by Cosmo Literature, I will investigate two new new media novels: Only One Millimeter Away, an Arabic Facebook novel by the Moroccan novelist Abdel-Wahid Stitu, and Hearts, Keys and Puppetry an English Twitter novel by Neil Gaiman, to infer the characteristics of Cosmo-Literature in general and Cosmo narration in particular.

scholarly journals On Correlationism and the Philosophy of (Human) Access: Meillassoux and Harman

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niki Young
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Speculative Realism ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quentin Meillassoux

AbstractSpeculative Realism (SR) has often been characterised as a heterogeneous group of thinkers, united almost exclusively in their commitment to the critique of what Quentin Meillassoux terms ‘correlationism’ or what Graham Harman calls the ‘philosophy of (human) access.’ The terms ‘correlationism’ and ‘philosophy of access’ are in turn often treated – at times even by Meillassoux and Harman themselves – as synonymous. In this paper, I seek to analyse these terms to evaluate their similarities, but also possible differences. I shall argue that the difference between the two terms ought to be retained and emphasised, since it hints at important differences between the positions of Harman and Meillassoux.

scholarly journals Features of urging hashtags during the period of the Revolution of Dignity

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
World Community ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Revolution

The article considers the features of urging hashtags that functioned in Facebook and Twitter social networks during the Euromaidan. The role of hashtags in times of revolutions has been identified, and it has been noted that hashtags help uncensored revolutionaries to disseminate information among their compatriots and the world community, attract the attention of the world media, and encourage people to support and join them. The paper considers syntactic features of urging hashtags, it is indicated that in the vast majority of cases such hashtags are located at the end of the post, although some may be located in the middle of the post. In addition the paper mentions publications consisting of some hashtags, among which are urging hashtags. Studying urging hashtags as sentences, the author singled out the following types: simple and complex, two-syllable and one-syllable, common and uncommon, complete and incomplete, complicated and non-complicated. Moreover, it has been noted that urging hashtags have a motivating modality. In regards of the peculiarities of the graphics of urging hashtags, the author points out the difference in spelling of the same words to create a different visual effect. Due to the fact that the hashtags use no spaces, the addressers wrote the sentence in one word, and in order to visually separate the words, the beginning of a word was capitalized or words were hyphenated. In addition, attention is drawn to punctuation and apostrophes: authors did not use those in the posts, because they „break” the words, after which the statement ceases to be the one single hashtag. In order to spread urging hashtags not only in the Ukrainian-speaking space, but also among the world audience, the addressers published urging hashtags in both Ukrainian and English, while the use of urging hashtags in Ukrainian remains more frequent.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MENTALITY IN THE ETHNOS WORLD CULTURE FORMING: Philosophical Aspects

2018 ◽  
pp. 476-483
Author(s):  
Elena A. Norkina
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Collective Unconscious ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Interpretation Method

Introduction. The mentality is the integrated characteristic of the people living in the certain culture describing their peculiar vision of the world around and explaining specifics of response to it. The phenomenon of mentality is revealed through a frame of reference, of the estimates, norms and moods, which are based on knowledge, beliefs, and traditions, available in this society. It sets together with the dominating requirements and archetypes of the collective unconscious the beliefs, the characteristic of the nation, ideals, tendencies, interests distinguishing one ethnos from another. Materials and Methods. The existence philosophical interpretation method is a key method used in the present research. It is based on comparison of different nations ethnic pictures. Results. There is presented the analysis of studies covering issues relating to the term “mentality”, its role in the cultural and philosophical identity formation. There were compared the following concepts: “mentality” vs “mindset” and “mentality” vs “ethnic identity”, those are close in their meanings but are not the same in their pragmatics. Discussion and Conclusions. Ethno mentality is fixed materially in art through the incorporation of ethnic values. The study of the mentality from the philosophical point of view provides opportunities for research introducing conceptual elements and solving complex issues. Keywords: a mentality, a culture, an ethnos, a nation, a tradition, philosophical interpretation.

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