scholarly journals Frequency of Neonatal Hypoglycemia Among Women Diagnosed with Maternal Hyperglycemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1685-1687
Author(s):  
Humaira Ashraf ◽  
Mehreen Yousaf Rana ◽  
Afra Rehman ◽  
Anila Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Maternal Hyperglycemia ◽  
Glucose Estimation

Objective: To determine frequency of neonatal hypoglycemia, in maternal hyperglycemia Subject and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at department of Pathology with collaboration of gynae and OBS department of PNS SHIFA Karachi. Study duration was six months from March 2015 to August 2015. All pregnant women who reported at antenatal clinics of PNS SHIFA Hospital and diagnosed as the cases of hyperglycinemia were included in the study. Maternal blood glucose testing was done according to WHO guidelines i.e. fasting sample, ingestion of 75 g glucose, 01 h and 02 h sample for plasma glucose estimation. Neonatal blood glucose was checked immediately after birth by glucometer. All the data was collected via study proforma. Results: A total of 157 pregnant women were studied their average age was 28.20±4.67 years. Caesarean section was done in 62.4% cases and 58.6% babies were males. Neonatal hypoglycemia was observed among 24.8% of the cases. Neonatal hypoglycemia was statistically significant according to gestational age (p- 0.012), while statistically insignificant according to parity (p-0.184). Conclusion: As per study conclusion, the neonatal hypoglycemia was observed to be highly prevalent among neonates of diabetic mothers as 24.8%. It was found to be statistically significant according to gestational age. Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, Neonates, Hypoglycemia

scholarly journals Serum Concentrations of Selected Organochlorines in Pregnant Women and Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes. A Cross-Sectional Study from Two Rural Settings in Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7652
Author(s):  
Margit Steinholt ◽  
Shanshan Xu ◽  
Sam Ol Ha ◽  
Duong Trong Phi ◽  
Maria Lisa Odland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Settings

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 194 pregnant women from two low-income settings in Cambodia. The inclusion period lasted from October 2015 through December 2017. Maternal serum samples were analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The aim was to study potential effects on birth outcomes. We found low levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP), except for heptachlors, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor epoxide, and p,p’-DDE. There were few differences between the two study locations. However, the women from the poorest areas had significantly higher concentrations of p,p’-DDE (p < 0.001) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (p = 0.002). The maternal factors associated with exposure were parity, age, residential area, and educational level. Despite low maternal levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, we found significant negative associations between the PCB congeners 99 (95% CI: −2.51 to −0.07), 138 (95% CI: −1.28 to −0.32), and 153 (95% CI: −1.06 to −0.05) and gestational age. Further, there were significant negative associations between gestational age, birth length, and maternal levels of o,p’-DDE. Moreover, o,p’-DDD had positive associations with birth weight, and both p,p’-DDD and o,p’-DDE were positively associated with the baby’s ponderal index. The poorest population had higher exposure and less favorable outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia in Northern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mukunya ◽  
Beatrice Odongkara ◽  
Thereza Piloya ◽  
Victoria Nankabirwa ◽  
Vincentina Achora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycemia ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Child Age

Abstract Background Neonatal hypoglycemia is the most common endocrine abnormality in children, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The burden and risk factors of neonatal hypoglycemia in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa are unknown. Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia in Lira District, Northern Uganda. Methods This was a community-based cross-sectional study, nested in a cluster randomized controlled trial designed to promote health facility births and newborn care practices in Lira District, Northern Uganda. This study recruited neonates born to mothers in the parent study. Random blood glucose was measured using an On Call® Plus glucometer (ACON Laboratories, Inc., 10125 Mesa Road, San Diego, CA, USA). We defined hypoglycemia as a blood glucose of < 47 mg/dl. To determine the factors associated with neonatal hypoglycemia, a multivariable linear regression mixed-effects model was used. Results We examined 1416 participants of mean age 3.1 days (standard deviation (SD) 2.1) and mean weight of 3.2 kg (SD 0.5). The mean neonatal blood glucose level was 81.6 mg/dl (SD 16.8). The prevalence of a blood glucose concentration of < 47 mg/dl was 2.2% (31/1416): 95% CI 1.2%, 3.9%. The risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia were delayed breastfeeding initiation [adjusted mean difference, − 2.6; 95% CI, − 4.4, − 0.79] and child age of 3 days or less [adjusted mean, − 12.2; 95% CI, − 14.0, − 10.4]. Conclusion The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia was low in this community and was predicted by delay in initiating breastfeeding and a child age of 3 days or less. We therefore suggest targeted screening and management of neonatal hypoglycemia among neonates before 3 days of age and those who are delayed in the onset of breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Prenatal distress level and its predictors according to the gestational age in pregnant women in the semi-urban region in Northwestern Turkey: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeliz Mercan ◽  
Kevser TARI SELCUK ◽  
Figen DIGIN ◽  
Hasan SAYGIN
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northwestern Turkey ◽  
Prenatal Distress

Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the level and predictors of prenatal distress in pregnant women according to gestational age.Methods: This a cross-sectional study was conducted in eight Family Health Centers (FHCs) in Kirklareli, in Turkey. The study included 179 pregnant women who presented to the FHCs, who were at ≥12th week of gestation. Results:The frequency of prenatal distress in the participants was 21.2% (between 12th-27th weeks:16.5%, between 28th-41st weeks: 26.8%). It was found that level of education, age of the spouse, current pregnancy being unplanned, and social support levels were associated with the level of prenatal distress in ≥12th week or between 12th-27th weeks or between 28th-41st weeks (p<0.05). And also, perceived income level, abortion, and the number of pregnancies were associated with the level of prenatal distress in ≥12th weeks; the age of women, perceived income levels, previous abortion experience, and the number of pregnancies were associated with the level of prenatal distress in between 12th-27th weeks; the age of women, education level of spouse', and previous birth experience prenatal distress levels were associated in between 28th-41st weeks (p<0.05).Conclusion: The level of prenatal distress according to the gestational age, the education level of the woman, the age of her spouse’, the unplanned pregnancy, and social support levels were predictors. In both periods, the age of women were determinants in prenatal stress levels in pregnant women. Pregnant women should be screened and evaluated for prenatal distress in their application to FHCs.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis in Pregnant Women with Premature Rupture of the Membrane

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwiana Ocviyanti ◽  
William Timotius Wahono
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality Risks ◽  
Autoimmune Condition

Background. Premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) is associated with high maternal as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality risks. It occurs in 5 to 10% of all pregnancy while incidence of amniotic membrane infection varies from 6 to 10%. This study aimed to determine the incidence of neonatal sepsis in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and the risk factors. Methods. A cross-sectional study was done in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from December 2016 to June 2017. The study used total sampling method including all pregnant women with gestational age of 20 weeks or more experiencing PROM, who came to the hospital at that time. Samples with existing comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus or other serious systemic illnesses such as heart disease or autoimmune condition were excluded from the analysis. Results. A total of 405 pregnant women with PROM were included in this study. There were 21 cases (5.2%) of neonatal sepsis. The analysis showed that risk of neonatal sepsis was higher in pregnant women with prolonged rupture of membrane for ≥ 18 hours before hospital admission (OR 3.08), prolonged rupture of membrane for ≥ 15 hours during hospitalization (OR 7.32), and prolonged rupture of membrane for ≥ 48 hours until birth (OR 5.77). The risk of neonatal sepsis was higher in preterm pregnancy with gestational age of <37 weeks (OR 18.59). Conclusion. Risk of neonatal sepsis is higher in longer duration of prolonged rupture of membrane as well as preterm pregnancy.

Frequency of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3520-3523
Author(s):  
Muneeba Sadaf ◽  
Afshan Zaman ◽  
Fatima Bibi ◽  
Maria Tariq ◽  
Uzma Nayyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Tract Stones ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: To determine the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnantwomen. Study design: Descriptive, Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi. 26th December 2017 to 25th June 2018 Materials & Methods: A total of 151 pregnant women of gestational age ≥28 weeks, 18 to 40 years of age were included. Patients with genital tract trauma, history of UTI in the past one year and urinary tract stones were excluded. Then clean-catch midstream urine was collected from each woman into a sterile universal container and sample was sent to the institutional laboratory for presenceor absence of asymptomatic bacteriuria. Results: Age range in this study was from 18 to 40 years with mean age of 28.78 ± 3.90 years. Majority of the patients 84 (55.63%) were between 18 to 30 years of age. Mean gestational age was 31.06 ± 1.67 weeks. Mean parity was 3.17 ± 0.99. Mean BMI was 27.44 ± 3.02 kg/m2. In our study, frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women was found in 25 (16.56%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women is quite high. Keywords: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, Pregnancy, Urinary Tract Infection.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index Changes during Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes - A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 011-019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirlei Morais ◽  
Simony Nascimento ◽  
Ana Godoy-Miranda ◽  
Karina Kasawara ◽  
Fernanda Surita
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prenatal Visit

Objective To evaluate the relation between changes the body mass index (BMI) percentile, reflected in the Atalah curve, and perinatal outcomes. Methods A cross-sectional study with 1,279 women was performed. Data regarding gestational weight, sociodemographic characteristics and perinatal outcomes were collected through medical charts, prenatal card and interviews in the postpartum period. Women could be classified according to the Atalah curve in the following categories: low weight, adequate weight, overweight, and obese. The BMI was calculated at the first and at the last prenatal care visits, and these values were compared. Results An increase in the BMI category according to the Atalah classification occurred in 19.9% of pregnant women, and an increase of 3.4, 5.8 and 6.4 points of BMI were found for women respectively classified in the adequate weight, overweight and obese categories at the first prenatal visit. Women with high school education presented a lower chance of increasing their BMI (odds ratio [OR] 0:47 [0.24- 0.95]). Women who evolved with an increase in the the Atalah classification were associated with cesarean section (OR 1.97–2.28), fetal macrosomia (OR 4.13–12.54) and large for gestational age newborn (OR 2.88–9.83). Conclusion Pregnant women who gained enough weight to move up in their BMI classification according to the Atalah curve had a higher chance of cesarean section and macrosomia. Women classified as obese, according to the Atalah curve, at the first prenatal visit had a high chance of cesarean section and delivering a large for gestational age newborn.

scholarly journals Psychological impact of COVID-19 amongst pregnant women in Conakry, Guinea. A cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almamy Touré ◽  
Abdourahamane Diallo ◽  
Aboubacar Magassouba ◽  
Abdoulaye Doumbouya ◽  
Ibrahima Conté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
State Worry

Abstract Introduction Pregnancy, apart from any external events, is subject to psychological changes. The COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea led to the implementation of restrictive measures followed by the mitigating ones, but few of them have targeted stress and anxiety management in pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the psychological impact and its associated factors in pregnant women. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in three health centres in Conakry capital city. Pregnant women were interviewed during antenatal care visits. We used two tools for stress and anxiety assessment: Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), and followed three steps to seeking for factors associated with stress and anxiety: univariate analysis, regression tree (CART), and logistic regression. Results We surveyed a total of 649 pregnant women. Most of them presented a state of stress (97.7%) and anxiety (52.7%). Gestational age was the main factor associated with stress and anxiety. Pregnant women with a gestational age ≤ 34 weeks had an odd of 0.09 times lower of being stressed compared to those with a gestational age greater than 34 weeks. Pregnant women living in Ratoma and Kaloum with a gestational age was ≤ 9 weeks had an odds of 15.1 times [95% CI: 8.76, 27.4] higher of being worried compared to those from Matoto, Matam and Dixinn with a gestational age greater than 9 weeks. Similarly, pregnant women living in Matoto, Matam and Dixinn with a gestational age ≤ 9 weeks had an odds of 4.48 times [95% CI: 2.59, 8.12] higher of being worried compared to other women from the same localities. Conclusion Most of our participants were at a higher risk of stress and anxiety caused by COVID-19; women in their earlier stage of pregnancy tended to be more vulnerable to these psychological problems. Therefore, it is vital to implement an appropriate management plan which should prioritise those vulnerable pregnant women.

Therapeutic Abortion Methods in Women in Educational and Medical Centers in Shiraz

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedighe Alipanahpour ◽  
Naeimeh Tayebi ◽  
Mahnaz Zarshenas ◽  
Marzieh Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Medical Abortion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Induced Abortions

Background: Pregnancy often results in abortion, and it has shown a steady or even a growing trend over the past few decades despite extensive efforts in prenatal care. Objective: This study aimed to investigate medical interventions for abortions in pregnant women referring to educational and medical centers in Shiraz, Iran, in 2018. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 437 pregnant women who were referred to Shiraz Educational and Forensic Medicine Centers were selected. Then a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, midwifery information, and types of medical interventions was completed for each. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using statistical tests. Results: According to the results of the present study, most subjects were aged 31-40 years (202 (46%)), had a high school diploma (183 (41%)), and were housewives (331 (57%)). Most of their gestational age was in the range of 16-20 weeks (184 (41%)). There was also a significant positive relationship between maternal age and gestational age (p = 0.01). Misoprostol and cervical Foley were the most used methods in induced abortions with a forensic permit (44.3%), vaginal misoprostol was the most used method in induced abortions with other indications (43.9%), and most spontaneous abortions had no intervention (41.9%). Conclusion: Considering the importance of the medical abortion method, it is suggested for patients with different conditions in interventional studies. Also, the correct use of different family planning methods and identification of factors affecting the use of contraceptives are recommended after an abortion. Women’s education and men’s participation should be considered in the prevention of high-risk and unwanted pregnancies.

scholarly journals Pica in Rural Obstetric Population: An Underestimated Nutritional Mystery

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Bhavna Kumare ◽  
Nikita Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstetric Population

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the prevalence of pica during pregnancy, maternal hemoglobin levels at delivery and the association of pica with low birth weight and preterm birth. Study design A descriptive cross-sectional study. Subjects/setting Two hundred pregnant women aged 18 to 35 years admitted in labor room of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NKPSIMS. Study duration 1 March 2012 to 28 February 2013. Main outcome measures — maternal hemoglobin at delivery, mean birth weight and mean gestational age were compared in pica and no pica group. Statistical analysis Mean, percentage and chi-square test (for paired data). Results Seventeen percent of these pregnant women practiced pica. The most common pica substance that was consumed was chalk (44.1%) and clay (38.2%). Women in pica group had lower hemoglobin levels 8.63 ± 1.12 gm% (mean ± SD) at delivery than women who did not report pica (10.03 ± 0.96 gm%). There was no difference in mean birth weight and gestational age of neonates born to women with pica group and no pica group. Conclusion The findings suggest that pica practices are associated with significantly lower maternal hemoglobin levels at delivery, but are not associated with low birth weight and preterm birth. How to cite this article Kumare B, Somalwar S, Vijay N. Pica in Rural Obstetric Population: An Underestimated Nutritional Mystery. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(2):71-74.

scholarly journals In Vivo Measurement of Cervical Elasticity on Pregnant Women by Torsional Wave Technique: A Preliminary Study

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 3249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Massó ◽  
Antonio Callejas ◽  
Juan Melchor ◽  
Francisca S. Molina ◽  
Guillermo Rus
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Torsional Wave ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Induction Failure

A torsional wave (TW) sensor prototype was employed to quantify stiffness of the cervix in pregnant women. A cross-sectional study in a total of 18 women between 16 weeks and 35 weeks + 5 days of gestation was performed. The potential of TW technique to assess cervical ripening was evaluated by the measurement of stiffness related to gestational age and cervical length. Statistically significant correlations were found between cervical stiffness and gestational age ( R 2 = 0.370 , p = 0.0074 , using 1 kHz waves and R 2 = 0.445 , p = 0.0250 , using 1.5 kHz waves). A uniform decrease in stiffness of the cervical tissue was confirmed to happen during the complete gestation. There was no significant correlation between stiffness and cervical length. A stronger association between gestational age and cervical stiffness was found compared to gestational age and cervical length correlation. As a conclusion, TW technique is a feasible approach to objectively quantify the decrease of cervical stiffness related to gestational age. Further research is required to evaluate the application of TW technique in obstetric evaluations, such as prediction of preterm delivery and labor induction failure.

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