scholarly journals Evaluation of Blended NPS Fertilizer Rates and Inter Row Spacing on Yield Components and Yield of Maize (Zea Mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abduraman Nure ◽  
Husen Aman Jara
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Area Index

Corn is an important cereal crop in Ethiopia due to its use as a source of food security. However, its productivity is limited by insufficient application of the NPS fertilizer and different row spacing. A field trial was carried out to assess the effects of the application of different NPS fertilizer quantities and inter row spacing on the growth, yield components and yield of maize and the cost-benefit analysis of the NPS compound fertilizer application on the yield of maize in the main growing season 2019/2020.The study was arranged in a factorial combination of five levels of NPS fertilizers (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg NPS ha-1) and four inter row spacing (55 cm, 65 cm, 75 cm and 85 cm). in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The consequence showed the main result of the NPS fertilizer had a highly significant (p <0.01) effect on days up to 50% anthesis, days up to 50% silk formation, 90% physiological maturity, leaf area, leaf area index, number of plants at harvest, the number of grains per ear was determined from the main effects of NPS fertilizer of 200 kg NPS ha-1. The interaction effects of NPS and row spacing have highly significant (p <0.01) effects on the number of ears per plant, number of ears per hectare, ear length, agronomic effectiveness and grain yield were obtained when using 150 kg. measured NPS ha-1 at 75 cm row spacing. The highest economic (91,608 Birr ha-1) and a higher MRR (1745%) resulted from the 150 kg NPS ha-1 and 75 cm row spacing. Thus, it should be noted that the application of 150 kg NPS ha-1 with a row spacing of 75 cm was both agronomic and cost-effective for the grain yield of the Melkassa-II in the study area.

scholarly journals Effect of growth regulators and sowing date on the agronomic performance of corn hybrids in the first cropping year

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 2861
Author(s):  
André Prechlak Barbosa ◽  
Claudemir Zucareli ◽  
José Henrique Bizzarri Bazzo ◽  
Luis Abilio Ribeiro Alves ◽  
Renan Iastrenski
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Area Index

Growth regulators can be an important tool in corn crop management, especially in technology-intensive crops grown in densified spatial arrangements, under favorable environmental conditions, and using genotypes with greater vegetative development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators associated with sowing date on the growth characteristics, yield components, and grain yield of first-crop corn hybrids. The experiment was performed on a 2014/15 field crop, under a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Treatments were placed in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement consisting of two sowing dates (first: 09/19/2014 and second: 11/23/2014), two corn hybrids (2B610PW and 2B810PW), and three conditions of growth regulators (control without application, 400 g a.i. ha-1 trinexapac-ethyl, and 200 g a.i. ha-1 clomazone, both applied when six fully expanded leaves were observed). The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, ear insertion height, stem diameter, leaf area index, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, number of grains per ear, ear length, ear diameter, prolificacy, thousand grain weight, and grain yield. Corn development and yield performance were altered by the interaction between sowing date, genotypes, and growth regulators. The second sowing date, which was not limited by water deficiency, resulted in better development and yield performance for the two hybrids. The 2B610 hybrid had a higher yield performance than did 2B810 in the second sowing date. Trinexapac-ethyl and clomazone contributed to higher corn grain yield from the two hybrids at the first sowing date and from the 2B810 hybrid at the second date. Trinexapac-ethyl reduced the size of the 2B810 hybrid at the second date. The growth and leaf area of the 2B810 hybrid were less affected by the restrictive conditions of the first sowing date; consequently, there was a higher grain weight performance that did not allow the differentiation of yield between genotypes for this sowing date.

Effects of planting configuration and row spacing on growth and production of potato under mulched condition in Dadeldhura, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-300
Author(s):  
Roshan Dhakal ◽  
Binod Joshi ◽  
Santosh Bharati ◽  
Shiva Chandra Dhakal ◽  
Khem Raj Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tuber Number ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Significant Difference

An experiment was conducted at the research site of Dadeldhura, Nepal in 2019 to identify optimum plant spacing for potato under mulched condition. Three levels of inter row spacing; 60 cm with single row per bed (1RB), 45 cm with double row per bed (2RB) and 30 cm with triple row per bed (3RB) and intra row spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) were laid out in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) for all parameters except on days to 50% germination, 90% flowering, 50% maturity and on main stem number and graded large sized tuber number and it's weight. Growth parameters namely canopy, leaf number and leaf area were significantly higher (p<0.05) in 60 cm (1RB) ×30 cm spacing. Plant height and leaf area index was significantly higher (p<0.05) in 60 cm (1RB) × 20 cm and 30(3RB) ×20 cm spacing respectively. Total number of tubers m-2 , weight of tubers  m-2, weight of marketable tubers m-2, harvest index, number of small sized tuber m-2 ,weight of small sized tubers m-2 and weight of medium sized tubers m-2 were found to be 56.24%,39.79%, 47.98%,4.41%,90.56%, 113.23% and 70.15% significantly higher (p<0.05)  in 30 cm (3RB) compared to 60 cm on (1RB) inter row spacing respectively and 59.72%, 61.15%, 58.30%, 4.41%, 114.90%, 137.31%, 55.39% higher in 20cm compared to 40 cm intra row spacing. Interaction effect was significant (p<0.05)  in marketable tuber number and medium sized tuber number in which the average highest number of marketable tubers (134.44) and medium sized tubers (121.08) was found in 30(3RB) ×20 cm spacing which was 165.95% and 235.03% significantly higher compared to  60×40 cm spacing respectively. So, this study showed that 30(3RB) ×20 cm spacing would be best spacing combination under mulched condition.

scholarly journals Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolera Abera ◽  
Tolessa Debele ◽  
Dagne Wegary
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Yield of maize hybrids could be low when grown below optimum management practices. Use of improved varieties and optimum nitrogen fertilizer application practices are unlocking the high yielding potential of hybrids maize. With these in view, a field experiment was executed on farmers’ field to determine the effect of varieties and nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and yield components of maize in two cropping seasons. It is laid out with randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. Five maize varieties (BH-540, BH-543, BH-661, BH-660, and BH-140) as main factor and two levels of nitrogen (55 and 110 Kg N ha−1) as subfactor were used with one maize variety (BH-543) without fertilizer as control. Leaf area and leaf area index of maize varieties were significantly affected by application of nitrogen fertilizer rates. Interaction of maize varieties with nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly affected all yield and yield components of maize. Application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer produced mean grain yield advantages of 31 and 41% over control. Therefore, application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer for improved maize varieties has significantly improved grain yield and recommended for maize production in midaltitude area of western Ethiopia.

Effect of pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs, PGRs and Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Economics of Irrigated Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ajaykumar ◽  
S. Selvakumar ◽  
K. Harishankar ◽  
K. Sivasabari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Background: Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is one of the most important cultivated legume crops with high nutritive value and agricultural importance. The productivity of blackgram is not adequate to meet the domestic demand of the growing Indian population. Consequently, there is an urgent need for enhancement of productivity through proper agronomic practices. With this background, a research experiment was conducted in a farmer’s field at Pudhupalayam, Coimbatore to investigate the effect of foliar application of PPFM, plant growth regulating compounds and nutrients on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of irrigated blackgram. Methods: A field experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications during 2019 (kharif and rabi) season. The treatments include 100% recommended dose of NPK along with foliar application of diammonium phosphate (DAP), brassinolide (Br), salicylic acid (SA) and pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFM) with different concentration (1%, 2%, 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, respectively) in addition to control. PPFM and PGRs were sprayed at 30 and 45 days after the sowing of blackgram. Result: The experiment results of the two seasons study revealed that the application of 100% RDF + PPFM @ 2% recorded higher growth characters viz., plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, leaf area index and yield attributes viz., number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, pod weight (g), pod height (cm), 100 seed weight (g) and yield viz., grain yield (kg/ha), straw yield (kg/ha) and harvest index (%). As well as the same treatment recorded higher net return and B:C ratio. Correlation and regression analysis also indicated that the yield attributes had a positive impact on the grain yield with a magnitude of 1.91 and 1.67, respectively. Therefore, application of 100% RDF+2% PPFM spray can be recommended as the best technology to improve the yield and economics of blackgram.

scholarly journals Calibration and test of the cropgro-dry bean model for edaphoclimatic conditions in the savanas of Central Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elza Jacqueline Leite Meireles ◽  
Antonio Roberto Pereira ◽  
Paulo Cesar Sentelhas ◽  
Luis Fernando Stone ◽  
Francisco José Pfeilsticker Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Bean Crop

Simulation models are important tools for the analysis of cultivated systems to estimate the performance of crops in different environments. The CROPGRO- model (DSSAT) was calibrated and validated using Carioca bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to estimate yield and the development of the crop, sown in three row spacings (0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 m) and two fertilization rates (300 and 500 kg ha-1 of 4-30-16 N-P-K), in Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil. To calibrate the model a combination of the genetic coefficients that characterize the phenology and morphology of the dry bean crop was used to obtain the best possible fit between predicted and observed anthesis and physiological maturity dates, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter (TDM), yield components, and grain yield for the 0.6 m row spacing. To test the model the experimental records of the 0.4 and 0.5 m row spacings were used. In both, calibration and test, the performance of the model was evaluated plotting observed and predicted values of LAI and TDM versus time, using the r², and the agreement index (d) as statistical criteria. In relation to yield and yield components the percent difference between the observed and predicted data was calculated. The model appeared to be adequate to simulate phenology, grain yield and yield components for the Carioca bean cultivar, related to different levels of fertilization and row spacing, either during calibration or the testing phase. During the test, the grain yield was overestimated by less than 15.4%, indicating a potential use for the calibrated model in assessing climatic risks in this region.

scholarly journals Relationship between Flag Leaf Characteristics and Main Yield Components in Oat (Avena sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ionuṭ RACZ ◽  
Rozalia KADAR ◽  
Sorin VȂTCĂ ◽  
Ioana Virginia BERINDEAN ◽  
Adrian CECLAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Concentration

The objective of this study was to investigate relationships between leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, yield components and grain yield in oat (Avena sativa L.). Ten oat varieties were analyzed in field conditions regarding those traits. Flag leaf chlorophyll concentration range between 451.51 and 747.79 units of μmol of chlorophyll per m2. Also, leaf area index range between 13.68 to 32.84 cm2. Significant correlation indices were highlighted between yield components and leaf area index, yield/yield components and chlorophyll concentration of flag leaf.

scholarly journals Effect of Spacing and Nitrogen Level on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Mid hill of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Ramhari Gaire ◽  
Chudamani Pant ◽  
Nischal Sapkota ◽  
Rajan Dhamaniya ◽  
Tej Narayan Bhusal
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Close Spacing

AbstractA field experiment was carried out to study the effect of spacing and nitrogen level on growth and yield of maize in Parbat from February to July, 2019. The experiment was laid out in two Factorial Randomized complete Block Design (RCBD) comprising of spacing: 60×15 cm and 60×25 cm and nitrogen: 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha level as treatment with three replications. “Arun-2” variety of maize was planted on clay loam and acidic soil (pH 5.3) having medium in total nitrogen (0.15%), medium in soil available phosphorus (48.1 kg/ha), medium in soil available potassium (218.8 kg/ha) and medium in organic matter content (2.92%). Result shows that yield was significantly increased with increment in N-level up to 90 kg N/ha. The grain yield (5.18 mt/ha) was significantly higher at 90 kg N/ha than at 30 and 60 kg N/ha but at par with 120 kg N/ha. Significant effect on grain yield due to spacing was observed. The grain yield (4.11 mt/ha) obtained at spacing 60×15 cm. Moreover, the highest grain yield showed that highest grain yield (4.33 mt/ha) was obtained under 90 kg N/ha plus 60×15 cm spacing. The result revealed that different spacing and nitrogen level significantly affect the plant height and leaf area index. The plant height and leaf area index were significantly high at close spacing (60×15 cm) and at 120 kg N/ha. Likewise, yield attributing characteristics like cob length, cob diameter, number of kernel/rows, number of kernel row, thousand gran weight were the highest at 90 kg/ha but as par with 120 kg/ha at close spacing (60×15 cm). This study suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating “Arun-2” maize fertilizing with 90 kg N/ha and maintaining 60×15 cm spacing.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN SORGHUM CULTIVATED IN DOUBLE ROWS SPACE ON BRAZILIAN CERRADO

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-432
Author(s):  
EDUARDO LIMA DO CARMO ◽  
JOÃO VITOR ALVES DE SOUSA ◽  
CAMILA JORGE BERNABÉ FERREIRA ◽  
GUILHERME BRAGA PEREIRA BRAZ ◽  
GUSTAVO ANDRÉ SIMON
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Double Row

ABSTRACT The spatial arrangement of plants in the cultivation area is a factor that directly influences grain yield, since the best arrangement can result in the greater use of water, light and nutrients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of sorghum sown in double row spacing in the Brazilian Cerrado. For this purpose, field experiments were conducted in the 2018 and 2019 seasons in a complete block design with a factorial scheme of 2 x 5. There were four replications, using two row spacing: traditional (0.50 m) and double rows (0.25 m/0.75 m) and five plant populations: 120, 180 (recommended), 240, 300 and 360 thousand, plants ha-1. Morphological characteristics, yield components and grain yield were evaluated using joint data analysis for the two years of study. In 2018, due to lower rainfall during the crop season, the use of a double row arrangement presented grain yield lower than traditional spacing. On the other hand, in 2019, the year with the best water distribution, the yield was superior to that of 2018. The increase in plant population per hectare increased the yield of sorghum grains, with gains of up to 24% in relation to the recommended population of 180 thousand plants ha-1, demonstrated that the densification in this crop can be a promising technique as long as its cost/benefit is considered.

EFFECT OF VARYING MAIZE DENSITIES ON INTERCROPPED MAIZE AND SOYBEAN IN NEPAL

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. PRASAD ◽  
R. M. BROOK
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The University ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Photosynthetic Adaptation

Maize and soybean are commonly intercropped in the drier zones of the western mid-hills in Nepal, but farmers report that productivity of soybean has been declining in recent years. Two researcher managed on-farm field experiments were conducted in the mid-hills environment of Nepal during 2001 and 2002, and one glasshouse experiment at the University of Wales, Bangor during 2003, to determine whether varying densities of maize and soybean influenced productivity of the system and to what extent soybean exhibited adaptation to shade. In neither season was maize yield affected by the presence of soybean, but grain yield of soybean was reduced in mixture by means of 59 and 53% during 2001 and 2002 respectively. Biomass and grain yield of maize were greatest at 53×103 plants ha−1 and least at the lowest density, whilst conversely biomass and grain yield of soybean increased. With increasing maize density, rates of accumulation of dry matter and leaf area index also increased, the latter resulting in decreasing transmission of light to the intercropped soybean. Soybean exhibited no photosynthetic adaptation to shade, but the specific leaf area was greater in artificially shaded and intercropped plants. Land equivalent ratios of all intercrops were greater than unity (1.30 to 1.45), indicating higher efficiency of intercropping compared to sole crops. Given the low plasticity in response of the maize canopy to variations in density, it is suggested that soybean could be better grown under maize by increasing between-row spacing of maize from 0.75 to 1.0 m to improve light transmission to the understorey, resulting in higher overall productivity of the intercropping system, and also that soybean germplasm be screened for adaptation to shade.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and tillage management for maize under irrigated and dryland conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Amanullah* ◽  
Arsalan Zahid ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Mr. Ikramullah
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Tillage Depth

Deficiencies of phosphorous (P) and soil moisture are the main limiting factors under semiarid climates throughout the world. Proper tillage management could increase P and water availability and therefore crop productivity under semiaraid climates. The objective of this study was to investigate proper P and tillage management practices for improving growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L. cv Azam). The experiment was conducted under, irrigated (no moisture stress) and dryland (moisture stress) conditions at the Agronomy Research Farm of The University of Agriculture, Peshawar Pakistan during summer 2012. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement having three replications under both irrigated and dryland conditions. Tillage depths (15, 30 and 45 cm) were assigned to main-plots while P levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) allotted to sub-plots. Better growth and higher yield components and grain yield (3535 kg ha-1) was obtained when P was applied at the highest rate of 90 kg P ha-1 (90 > 60 > 30 > 0 kg P ha-1). Increase in tillage depths showed positive relationship with grain yield and yield components. The deep tillage depth (45 cm) produced the highest grain yield (3323 kg ha-1) while the shallow depth (15 cm) resulted in the lowest grain yield (2894 kg ha-1). Maize planted under irrigated condition had better growth, higher yield components and therefore resulted in the higher grain yield (3621 kg ha-1) as compared with maize under dryland (water stress) condition. We concluded from this study that increase in P level and tillage depth had positive effect on growth, yield components and grain yield of maize under both irrigated and dryland conditions. 

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