Excel’s Calculation of Basic Assets Amortisation Values

2021 ◽  
Vol LXIV (5) ◽  
pp. 490-502
Author(s):  
Vehbi Ramaj ◽  
◽  
Sead Rešić ◽  
Anes Z. Hadžiomerović ◽  
Samira Aganović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Value ◽  
Mathematical Foundation ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Permanent Damage ◽  
Exact Time ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Permanent Loss

For Excel’s calculation of basic (fixed) assets amortisation values, the investigated economic and mathematical foundation with required values and their relations were used. The investigated and introduced theory is adapted to Excel calculations of fixed assets amortisation based on today’s needs. All values for Excel’s calculations are sorted into input and output values, and input to main and nested calculations. Two methods for calculating fixed assets amortisation were introduced using Excel. The first method is based on a linear decreasing function, G(t) = G0 (1-pt), which presents the simple interest calculation of the reduced equities for equal periodic amortisation values. The second method is based on the exponential degrading function, G(t) = G0qt, which presents a complex interest calculation of the reduced equities for periodic amortisation amounts in a descending sequence. The continuity of the introduced functions results from the continuity of: the life of the fixed asset, periodic amortisation, accumulated amortisation and non-amortized amount (residual value) of the fixed asset. It is particularly important to introduce dates with the exact time, for the beginning and the end of each amortisation period of the fixed asset. The theory for Excel’s calculation of the fixed asset output values for an arbitrary (planned or unplanned) term has also been explored and introduced. Such calculations relate mainly to terms of alienation, permanent damage, permanent loss of the process function of a fixed asset and periodic accounting reporting.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION OF CAPITALIZATION OF ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE BASED ON THE COST (INVESTMENT) APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1(70)) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Y.A. NAZARENKO
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Residual Value ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Constant Prices

Topicality. The increase in the level of capitalization of the economy is of strategic importance to Ukraine, because, firstly, there is a direct link between capitalization and competitiveness, and secondly, because the market transformation in Ukraine is inherently capitalization of the economy. All this necessitates the further study of the theoretical and methodological principles of capitalization of enterprises of the country as a whole and by types of activity. Aim and tasks. To consider the methodical principles of estimating capitalization of enterprises on the basis of cost (investment) approach and to evaluate it by types of activity for Ukrainian enterprises at actual and constant prices. Research results. An assessment of the real capitalization of enterprises as a state can be considered as a "passive" assessment and it can be implemented even if the enterprise does not work. Such an assessment has a limited scope and should be used for enterprises whose activities are based on the use of fixed assets (machines, equipment, buildings, etc.), in which the results of the production process depends not only on the available intellectual capital, but on the available physical capital, and where there are no significant intangible assets. At the same time, the use of a cost-effective approach to enterprises that are based on education, knowledge and skills of staff (companies engaged in consulting and software development, retail and distribution companies, real estate agencies, travel agencies, etc.) do not provide adequate an idea of the level of their capitalization. Accounting of assets of the enterprise in the balance sheet is carried out at the original cost. Exceptions are fixed assets, accounting for the original and residual value. Over time, such an assessment as a result of inflation, non-revaluation and other factors does not reflect the actual (actual) value of assets. Therefore, it is more appropriate to use the replacement value or the replacement value, which should be used to reproduce the same or create a similar asset. The growth in the residual value of fixed assets of Ukrainian enterprises in 2012-2017 is due to two factors: net income of fixed assets (the difference between the amount of fixed assets received and which have left); indexing In general, in Ukraine the growth of residual value of fixed assets of enterprises in actual prices is mainly due to their indexation (77 %). At the same time, in agriculture and trade, the main role played by the receipt of fixed assets, and in the transport sector, the residual value of fixed assets in enterprises at actual prices is almost 100 % due to their indexation. Negative trends occurred in relation to the share of own capital of enterprises of Ukraine, which decreased from 51.6 % in 2001 to 24.7 % in 2017. The same thing happened in agriculture and industry, and in construction and trade, it even got negative values. An analysis of the dynamics of assets of Ukrainian enterprises in the prices of 2012 indicates a tendency to reduce their value. In 2017, their value amounted to 93.5 % of the level in 2012, in industry - 93.1 % and in transport - 96.2 %. In trade and construction, the reduction was more significant and amounted to more than 20 %. A completely different situation was in agriculture, where in the period of 2012-2017 the assets of enterprises increased by more than 1.5 times. Conclusion. The assessment in actual prices reflects the current level of capitalization of enterprises. At the same time, due to inflation, the average level of which in 2014-2017 was about 20 %, makes it impossible to compare capitalization estimates for different years. In order to solve this problem, the evaluation of capitalization at constant prices was carried out, which showed that there was a decrease in the level of capitalization of enterprises in general in the country and in the main types of activity, the exception was agriculture, where the level of capitalization of enterprises increased more than 1.5 times. All this testifies to the negative processes in the country's economy, namely, the deindustrialization and domination of the raw materials industries.

scholarly journals Investment Of Fixed Equipment Assets On Improving Profitability (case study cv.Parahyangan Express BranchKarawang)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Sri Suartini ◽  
Dian Hakip Nurdiansyah ◽  
Sheli Rosdayanti
Keyword(s):  
Primary Data ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Verification Method ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Fixed Asset Investment

The purpose of this study to determine how much influence of fixed asset investment vehicles against profitability CV. Parahyangan Express Karawang Branch. This research uses a descriptive verification method with a primary data source that is a financial report CV. Parahyangan Express Karawang Branch period 2007 to 2016. The result of this research is r average investment value CV. Parahyangan Express in the period 2007 until 2016 tends to decrease, the average value of profitability CV. Parahyang n Express in the period 2007 to 2016 tends to decline. Based on test results t comparison t arithmetic with t table showing 2.840> 2.093 t count more than t table. vehicle fixed asset investment has a significant effect on profitability in a CV. Parahyangan Express. The percentage of influence of fixed asset investment of 30% means 30 % development of profitability CV. Parahyangan Express is influenced by in-kind fixed assets while 70 % is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN PERLAKUAN AKUNTANSI ASET TETAP BERDASARKAN PSAK NO. 16 PADA HOTEL ARVIEL GORONTALO

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Vionalisa Chandra ◽  
Ventje Ilat ◽  
Meily Y. B. Kalalo
Keyword(s):  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Accounting Policy

Assets remain the most important part in supporting the company's operational activities, especially for companies engaged in the hotel industry. Therefore, it is necessary to have an appropriate fixed asset accounting policy in accordance with PSAK No. 16. This study aims to determine how the recognition, measurement, and presentation of accounting for fixed assets based on PSAK No. 16 at the Arviel Gorontalo Hotel. This study uses qualitative approach that compares the actual situation with relevant theories related to the problem. The data obtained is the result of interviews and documentation. Analysis is done by comparing the financial statements of the Arviel Gorontalo Hotel with PSAK No. 16. The results show that the Arviel Hotel Gorontalo has not fully implemented the accounting for fixed assets in accordance with PSAK No. 16.

Assessing the condition of the financial system of the Russian Federation on the basis of key financial parameters of the national economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-739
Author(s):  
Aleksei V. LEBEDEV ◽  
Elena A. RAZUMOVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
External Debt ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Monetary Aggregates ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. We consider financial parameters of the Russian Federation economy. Objectives. The purpose is to assess the condition of the financial system of the Russian Federation based on the analysis of financial parameters of the national economy. Methods. The study employs analytical and expert methods on the basis of the analysis of data of the Bank of Russia and the Federal State Statistics Service. Results. The paper analyzes certain financial parameters of the Russian national economy, i.e. investments in fixed assets by fixed asset type, the country's external debt, the national currency rate of exchange, in comparison with indicators, characterizing the condition of the financial system, i.e. capitalization of commercial banks, monetary aggregates, the volume of reserves of the Bank of Russia. The analysis shows a better dynamics against that predicted at the beginning of the crisis period. Conclusions. To justify the assessment of the condition of the financial system, it is necessary to rely on a deeper analysis of a wider range of indicators, both economic and financial.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Leverage, Intensitas Persediaan, Aset Tetap, Ukuran Perusahaan, Komisaris Independen Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Tutik Avrinia Wulansari ◽  
Kartika Hendra Titisari ◽  
Siti Nurlaela
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Tax Aggressiveness ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Consumer Goods Industry

This study aims to determine the effect of leverage, inventory intensity, fixed asset intensity, company SIZE, and independent commissioners on tax aggressiveness. The population and sample in this study are consumer goods industry companies listed on the IDX for the 2015-2018 period. The sampling technique of this study was using purposive sampling technique. The number of samples in this study were 28 consumer goods industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2016 period. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the analysis conducted shows that there is a negative influence of leverage, the intensity of fixed assets, company SIZE, and independent commissioners on tax aggressiveness. While the intensity of the inventory has no effect on tax aggressiveness.

scholarly journals Calculation of depreciation Fixed Assets based on Government Accounting Standards and their impact on Financial Statements

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Indayani B
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Government Accounting ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government

This study aims to determine the calculation of depreciation of fixed assets based on Government Accounting Standards for Financial Statements. The calculation used is the calculation of depreciation of fixed assets at the Regional Financial and Asset Agency in Majene Regency. The data analysis method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis method through data triangulation. The results showed that the depreciation method used by the government was determined using the straight-line method. This method is considered the simplest method. Besides there must be data about the depreciated value, to calculate the depreciation must determine the useful life of each fixed asset. Reducing depreciation in Majene Regency's Regional Financial and Asset Agency (BKAD) for fixed assets in accordance with Government Accounting Standards. Calculating depreciation of fixed assets is very important and very influential on financial statements

scholarly journals Pengaruh Fixed Asset Turnover, Inventory Turnover, Corporate Sosial Responsibility terhadap Harga Saham

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Asset Turnover ◽  
Inventory Turnover ◽  
Corporate Social

ABSTRACTLaba atau profit merupakan salah satu tujuan utama berdirinya setiap badan usaha. Tanpa diperolehnya laba, perusahaan tidak dapat memenuhi tujuan lainnya yaitu pertumbuhan yang terus menerus (going concern) dan tanggung jawab sosial (corporate social responsibility). Pertumbuhan yangterus menerus ditinjau dari laju perkembangan harga saham, sehingga dibutuhkan suatu variabel untuk menghitung laju perkembangan harga saham dari suatu laporan keuangan suatu sektor industri atau perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menggabungkan variabel terukur yaitu fixed assets turnover, inventory turnover, dan variabel corporate social responsibility, sekaligus menguji pengaruh yang ditimbulkan setelah variabel tersebut dikombinasikan terhadap harga saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif yang menekankan pada hubungan kausal yang mengujipengaruh fixed assets turnover, inventory turnover, dan corporate social responsibility sebagai variabel independen terhadap harga saham sebagai varibel dependen. Proses pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan pada perusahaan sektor industri dasar dan kimia periode 2014-2018. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel adalah purppose sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan FAT memiliki nilai signifikansi 0.413 atau 0.413>0.05 artinya Tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara FAT terhadap variabel terikat Harga Saham. ITO memiliki nilai signifkansi 0.576 atau 0.576>0.05 artinya Tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara ITO terhadap Harga Saham.  Sedangkan  CSR  memiliki  nilai  signifkansi  (Sig,)  0.000   atau   0.000<0.05  artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara CSR terhadap Harga SahamKata Kunci : Fixed Asset Turnover (FAT); Inventory Turnover (ITO); CSR; Harga Saham

scholarly journals Perlakuan Akuntansi Aset Tetap Berdasarkan SAK ETAP Pada PT Asia Pacific Energindo Di Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Pratiwi Nila Sari
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Operational Activities

This study aims to analyze the accounting treatment of fixed assets for recognition, measurement, depreciation, termination, and presentation and disclosure at PT. Asia Pacific Energindo on the list of fixed assets in 2017. Tests are carried out by analyzing the extent to which the company has implemented a fixed asset accounting policy based on the Entity Financial Accounting Standards without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP) Chapter 15 in the company's operational activities. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method that is to thoroughly describe the fixed asset accounting policies applied to PT. Asia Pacific Energindo in Jakarta and compared to SAK ETAP Chapter 15. The results of this study indicate that the recognition, measurement, depreciation, termination, and presentation and disclosure of fixed assets in practice are in accordance with the Entity Financial Accounting Standards without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP). Depreciation method uses a straight-line method, fixed assets are discontinued or released from usage then the book value is calculated and then all accounts related to the asset are written off. The presentation of accumulated depreciation is carried out separately for all fixed assets so that it can be seen directly how much accumulated depreciation for each group of fixed assets. This treatment makes it easier to read financial statements. For those who need financial statements, it will be easy to know some of the accumulated amount of the fixed assets in question and the book value of each of the asset groups. Keywords: Accounting, Fixed Assets, SAK ETAP chapter 15 Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlakuan akuntansi aset tetap atas pengakuan, pengukuran, penyusutan, penghentian dan penyajian serta pengungkapan pada PT. Asia Pacific Energindo pada daftar aset tetap tahun 2017. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menganalisis sejauh mana perusahaan telah menerapkan kebijakan akuntansi aset tetap berdasarkan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Tanpa Akuntanbilitas Publik (SAK ETAP) Bab 15 dalam aktivitas operasional perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif yaitu menjabarkan secara menyeluruh terhadap kebijakan akuntansi aset tetap yang diterapkan pada PT. Asia Pacific Energindo di Jakarta dan dibandingkan dengan SAK ETAP Bab 15. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengakuan, pengukuran, penyusutan, penghentian dan penyajian serta pengungkapan aset tetap dalam prakteknya sudah sesuai dengan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Tanpa Akuntanbilitas Publik (SAK ETAP). Metode penyusutan menggunakan metode garis lurus, aset tetap dihentikan atau dilepaskan dari pemakaian maka dihitung nilai bukunya untuk kemudian semua akun yang berhubungan dengan aset tersebut dihapuskan. Penyajian akumulasi penyusutannya dilakukan secara terpisah atas seluruh aset tetap, sehingga dapat dilihat langsung berapa akumulasi penyusutan untuk masing-masing kelompok aset tetap. Perlakuan seperti ini mempermudah membaca laporan keuangan. Bagi yang membutuhkan laporan keuangan, akan mudah mengetahui beberapa jumlah akumulasi terhadap aset tetap yang bersangkutan dan nilai buku dari masing-masing kelompok aset tersebut. Kata kunci: Akuntansi, Aset Tetap, SAK ETAP Bab 15

scholarly journals ACCOUNTING STANDARDS FOR FIXED ASSETS OF U.S. GAAP AND IFRS: COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1SP) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Andreas Vernando
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Faithful Representation ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Asset Value ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Value Measurement

FASB and IASB have differences in setting the accounting standard for fixed asset. The FASB does not allow firms to restore the asset value that has been written down, while the IASB allow companies to recover the asset values that has been written down. These differences have distinct implication to depict the COVID-19 pandemic phenomenon and prevent earnings management that will affect the qualitative characteristics of the faithful representation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the fixed asset accounting standards of U.S. GAAP or IFRS which is more optimal to improve the faithful representation in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic and earnings management. Based on an analysis of the theory and literature review, this study conclude that the fixed assets accounting standard of IFRS is more optimal to represent the COVID-19 pandemic faithfully than that of U.S. GAAP. This is because IFRS allows for recovery of impairment losses. In addition, the fixed asset accounting standard of U.S. GAAP is more optimal than that of IFRS for preventing earnings management so as to improve the quality of faithful representation of the fixed asset value. This is because the fair value measurement for fixed assets involves estimation and subjectivity of the asset appraiser enhancing the possibility of earnings management.

scholarly journals Leverage, Arus Kas Operasi, Ukuran Perusahaan, Intensitas Aset Tetap dan Revaluasi Aset Tetap

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Resti Yulistia M ◽  
Nurul Dwi Septiyani ◽  
Arie Frinola Minovia ◽  
Yunilma Yunilma
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Fixed Asset ◽  
Asymmetry Information ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Political Cost ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Size Firm ◽  
Operating Cash Flow

Since Indonesian accounting standards allow companies to choose between cost model and revaluation model on their fixed asset, there are still few companies that revalued their assets. This study examines what factors make banking companies choose to revaluate fixed asset, that are contracting factors (leverage, operating cash flow), political factors (firm size) and asymmetry information (intensity of fixed assets). By using logistic regression, the result of this study showed that firm size and fixed asset intensity had a positive effect on the company choice to revaluate fixed assets, while leverage had a negative effect on fixed asset revaluation. This study support early research with regard to contracting, political cost and asymmetry information. This study failed to find the effect of operating cash flow on fixed asset revaluation. Based on the results of this study, banks should consider leverage, company size and the intensity of fixed assets more than cash flow when choosing to revaluate fixed assets. Keywords: Leverage; Operating Cash Flow; Size Firm; Fixed Asset Intensity; Fixed Asset Revaluation

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