scholarly journals Analysis on Digital Image Processing for Plant Health Monitoring

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Alina Granwehr ◽  
Verena Hofer
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
New Research ◽  
Common Plant

The country's ability to become self-sufficient in food production is becoming increasingly important. Agriculture is the primary occupation of a large portion of the population in equatorial countries like India, where the climate is ideal for the spread of plants. Pests and diseases are in control of about 25% of crop loss, according to a recent study released by the Food and Agriculture Organization. Black spot, leaf spot, rust, mildew, and botrytis blight are the most common plant diseases. Deep learning is a relatively new research technique for image processing and pattern recognition that has been proven to be highly productive in detection of plant leaf diseases.

scholarly journals [Legal Issues in Food Securities Analysis from The Perspective of Tasawur Islam] Isu Perundangan Dalam Sekuriti Makanan Analisis Dari Perspektif Tasawur Islam

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Nurul Suhada Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Of Food

The explosion of technology allows more manufacture food and variety in the market. However, the massive quantity of food is not essential measure of economic progress because the quality of food is more important when producing food. In realizing food quality along with food quantities, various legal issues related to food security have been arisen. Thus, this paper will be examine the legal issues related to food security from the Islamic perspective worldview. Using a study of documents released by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and content analysis, there are several legislative issues that have been found regarding food security. Such issues include aspects of food production, exploitation of natural resources, trade, and rights to the food. The apparent impact of these issues has undermined food security and food access, thus prompting food security in various parts of the world. Through an analysis of Islamic worldview, this paper presents the preservation of habluminallah and habluminannas relationships as a basis for addressing the issues discussed. Ledakan teknologi membolehkan bahan makanan dihasilkan dengan lebih banyak dan pelbagai di pasaran. Namun demikian, kuantiti makanan yang banyak bukan ukuran kemajuan ekonomi yang hakiki kerana kualiti makanan lebih utama untuk diambil kira dalam menghasilkan makanan. Dalam merealisasikan kualiti seiring dengan kuantiti makanan, pelbagai isu perundangan berkaitan sekuriti makanan telah timbul. Menyedari perkara berkenaan, makalah ini akan meneliti isu perundangan yang berkaitan sekuriti makanan daripada perspektif tasawur Islam. Dengan menggunakan kajian ke atas dokumen yang dikeluarkan oleh Organisasi Makanan dan Pertanian (Food and Agriculture Organization) (FAO) dan analisis kandungan, terdapat beberapa isu perundangan berkaitan sekuriti makanan yang ditemui. Isu tersebut merangkumi aspek pengeluaran makanan, eksploitasi sumber alam, perdagangan, serta hak terhadap makanan. Kesan ketara isu-isu tersebut telah menjejaskan jaminan keselamatan makanan dan akses makanan sekali gus menggugah sekuriti makanan di pelbagai bahagian dunia. Melalui analisis daripada tasawur Islam, makalah ini mengemukakan pemeliharaan hubungan habluminallah dan habluminannas sebagai asas mengatasi isu-isu yang dibincangkan.

scholarly journals Soil: the great connector of our lives now and beyond COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa M. Poch ◽  
Lucia H. C. dos Anjos ◽  
Rafla Attia ◽  
Megan Balks ◽  
Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Sustainable Soil Management ◽  
Local Food Production ◽  
Investments In Education

Abstract. Humanity depends on the existence of healthy soils, both for the production of food and for ensuring a healthy, biodiverse environment, among other functions. COVID-19 is threatening food availability in many places of the world due to the disruption of food chains, lack of workforce, closed borders and national lockdowns. As a consequence, more emphasis is being given to local food production, which may lead to more intensive cultivation of vulnerable areas and to soil degradation. In order to increase the resilience of populations facing this pandemic and future global crises, transitioning to a paradigm that relies more heavily on local food production on soils that are carefully tended and protected through sustainable management, is necessary. To reach this goal, the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (ITPS) recommends five active strategies: improved access to land, sound land use planning, sustainable soil management, enhanced research, and investments in education and extension.

scholarly journals Soil: the great connector of our lives now and beyond COVID-19

SOIL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Rosa M. Poch ◽  
Lucia H. C. dos Anjos ◽  
Rafla Attia ◽  
Megan Balks ◽  
Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Sustainable Soil Management ◽  
Wendell Berry ◽  
Local Food Production ◽  
Investments In Education

Abstract. Humanity depends on the existence of healthy soils, both for the production of food and for ensuring a healthy, biodiverse environment, among other functions. COVID-19 is threatening food availability in many places of the world due to the disruption of food chains, lack of workforce, closed borders and national lockdowns. As a consequence, more emphasis is being placed on local food production, which may lead to more intensive cultivation of vulnerable areas and to soil degradation. In order to increase the resilience of populations facing this pandemic and future global crises, transitioning to a paradigm that relies more heavily on local food production on soils that are carefully tended and protected through sustainable management is necessary. To reach this goal, the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils (ITPS) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) recommends five active strategies: improved access to land, sound land use planning, sustainable soil management, enhanced research, and investments in education and extension. The soil is the great connector of lives, the source and destination of all. It is the healer and restorer and resurrector, by which disease passes into health, age into youth, death into life. Without proper care for it we can have no community, because without proper care for it we can have no life. – Wendell Berry (American novelist)

scholarly journals Reliable Deep Learning Plant Leaf Disease Classification Based on Light-Chroma Separated Branches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Paulo Schwarz Schuler ◽  
Santiago Romani ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Nasser ◽  
Hatem Rashwan ◽  
Domenec Puig
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Rgb Images ◽  
Cie Lab ◽  
Salt And Pepper ◽  
Classification Reliability

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimated that plant diseases cost the world economy $220 billion in 2019. In this paper, we propose a lightweight Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) for automatic and reliable plant leaf diseases classification. The proposed method starts by converting input images of plant leaves from RGB to CIE LAB coordinates. Then, L and AB channels go into separate branches along with the first three layers of a modified Inception V3 architecture. This approach saves from 1/3 to 1/2 of the parameters in the separated branches. It also provides better classification reliability when perturbing the original RGB images with several types of noise (salt and pepper, blurring, motion blurring and occlusions). These types of noise simulate common image variability found in the natural environment. We hypothesize that the filters in the AB branch provide better resistance to these types of variability due to their relatively low frequency in the image-space domain.

scholarly journals Food and Agriculture Organization

1948 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-525
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
International Bank ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Social Council ◽  
Increase Food Production ◽  
Mass Attack ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

The second session of the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization, which met in April 1948, reached the conclusion that the problem of increasing production of food supplies was still the crucial one in the world food situation. In a report submitted to the seventh session of the Economic and Social Council it was pointed out that conferences at the regional and national levels were needed to define shortages which had impeded increased agricultural production. Following the Council's decision, consultations were continued with the regional economic commissions of ECOSOC and several specialized agencies, including ILO, WHO, UNESCO, the International Bank, and the International Monetary Fund. In February, a representative of FAO brought the subject of increased food production to the attention of the WHO Interim Commission. The commission recommended that a mass attack on malaria in selected areas of major food-producing countries should be carried out as soon as possible. It was proposed that further discussions be held between FAO and UNESCO on promoting, through UNESCO's mass media and information services, awareness for the need of increased food production. Representatives of the International Bank stated that they were keenly aware of the need for greater production and hat the Bank was prepared to give consideration to requests from its member countries for loans designed to increase food production.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-675
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Past ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World

The 1957 annual report of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) stated that the main trends in the world food and agricultural situation in previous years had been continued during 1956/57. Agricultural production as a whole and food production had again increased by about three percent. In the less developed areas (the Far East, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America) food production since 1952 had risen slightly above that in the world as a whole; these areas had shown an increase of twenty percent in net food output in comparison with averages for 1948–52, while the developed regions (North America, western Europe, and Oceania) had shown an increase of fifteen percent. In 1957/58, the report predicted, world agricultural production would continue to increase at approximately the same rate as in the past.

scholarly journals General characteristics of food in developing regions–a situational diagnostic assessment

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (S1) ◽  
pp. S12-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abelardo Avila-Curiel
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Diagnostic Assessment ◽  
World Food ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Constant Growth

Since the founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in 1946, it has reported on the serious problem of hunger in the world and has undertaken various initiatives for eradicating this problem; however, they have ended in failure. The number of people suffering from hunger has increased from 500 to 800 million in a period of six decades, despite constant growth in world food production, which has been more than sufficient to cover the needs of all of humanity since the 1970s. This paper analyses FAO initiatives in the framework of the evolution of the nutritional situation in developing countries and identifies national and regional contexts in which technical solutions may be successful, as well as those requiring the implementation of economic, political and social measures.

scholarly journals Plant Disease Detection Using Leaf Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 600-602
Author(s):  
Shishira .
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Image Format ◽  
Excessive Quantity

Identification of the plant diseases is that the key to prevent the losses within the yield and quantity of the agricultural product. The studies of the plant diseases mean the studies of visually observable patterns seen on the plant. Health monitoring and disease detection on plant is incredibly critical for sustainable agriculture. It’s very difficult to watch the plant diseases manually. It requires tremendous amount of labor, expertise within the plant diseases, and also require the excessive quantity. Hence, image processing is used for the detection of plant diseases by capturing the pictures of the leaves and comparing it with the data sets. The data sets comprise of different plant within the image format. Except detection users are directed to an e-commerce website where different pesticides with its rate and usage directions are displayed. This website is efficiently used for comparing the MRP’s of varied pesticides and buy the desired one for the detected disease. This paper aims to support and help the green house farmers in an efficient way.

Food and Agriculture Organization and Agricultural Droughts

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah Mukhala
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Intergovernmental Organization ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
World Food Summit ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
United Nations System

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations was founded in 1945 with a mandate to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living, to improve agricultural productivity, and to improve the condition of rural populations in the world. Today, FAO is the largest specialized agency in the United Nations system and is the lead agency for agriculture and rural development. FAO is composed of eight departments: Agriculture, Economic and Social, Fisheries, Forestry, Sustainable Development, Technical Cooperation, General Affairs, and Information and Administration and Finance. As an intergovernmental organization, FAO has 183 member countries plus one member organization, the European Union. Since its inception, FAO has worked to alleviate poverty and hunger by promoting agricultural development, improved nutrition, and the pursuit of food security—defined as the access of all people at all times to the food they need for an active and healthy life. Food production in the world has increased at an unprecedented rate since FAO was founded, outpacing the doubling of the world’s population over the same period. Since the early 1960s, the proportion of hungry people in the developing world has been reduced from more than 50% to less than 20%. Despite these progressive developments, more than 790 million people in the developing world— more than the total population of North America and Western Europe combined—still go hungry (FAO, 2004). FAO strives to reduce food insecurity in the world, especially in developing countries. In 1996, the World Food Summit convened by FAO in Rome adopted a plan of action aimed to reduce the number of the world’s hungry people in half by 2015. While the proper foundation of this goal lies, among others, in the increase of food production and ensuring access to food, there is also a need to monitor the current food supply and demand situation, so that timely interventions can be planned whenever the possibility of drought, famine, starvation, or malnutrition exists. With an imminent food crisis, actions need to be taken as early as possible because it takes time to mobilize resources, and logistic operations are often hampered by adverse natural or societal conditions, including war and civil strife.

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