scholarly journals Advertising and display of tobacco products at points of sale in El Salvador

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
Alejandra María Sarmiento López ◽  
Joel Adonay De Paz Flores
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Sales ◽  
Consumer Population ◽  
Cash Register ◽  
Impulse Purchase ◽  
The Impact

Objective. To study the impact of advertising and exposure of tobacco products at point of sale and to identify tobacco products marketing on internet. Methodology. Qualitative study using simple random sampling to studying 125 authorized points of sales for merchandising tobacco products; 1,250 adult consumer population visiting the point of sales and 20 websites that refers to sell tobacco products in El Salvador. Analyses were performed using SPSS version 24.0. Results. In 4% of point of sales were advertising of tobacco products inside. There is a high index of impulse purchase of cigarettes because 80% of smokers have decided to buy tobacco cigarettes standing in front of cash register. In 90.4% of point of sales the tobacco sales represent less than 5% of the global sales of the business. Conclusions. It is required to implement a comprehensive ban on tobacco advertising on point of sales, mainly because it undermines the effectiveness of tobacco control law and the implementation of Article 13 of the WHO FCTC.

Changes in cigarillo availability following implementation of a local flavoured tobacco sales restriction

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056229
Author(s):  
Todd Rogers ◽  
Doris G Gammon ◽  
Ellen M Coats ◽  
James M Nonnemaker ◽  
Xin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Retail Sale ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Tobacco Sales ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionProvidence, Rhode Island (RI) was among the first US jurisdictions to enact a policy (effective 3 January 2013) restricting the retail sale of non-cigarette tobacco products with a characterising flavour other than the taste or aroma of tobacco, menthol, mint or wintergreen. We used scanner data to assess the impact of this sales restriction on retail availability of cigarillos, flavoured and otherwise, in Providence and a rest-of-state (ROS) comparison area.MethodsEvery unique cigarillo product—each indicated by a universal product code (UPC)—available for sale in RI from January 2012 to December 2016 was assigned to an exclusive flavour-name category (tobacco; explicit or concept flavour; or menthol/mint) based on characteristics in the scanner dataset and, as necessary, information from online websites. We calculated weekly unique cigarillo UPC counts and market share by flavour category and used difference-in-difference regression to assess prepolicy and postpolicy changes in counts and share in Providence relative to ROS.ResultsThe prepolicy to postpolicy decrease in the number of unique cigarillo products available in Providence was 28.64 (±5.83) UPCs greater than the comparable decrease in ROS (p<0.05). The prepolicy to postpolicy increase in the number of unique concept-named flavoured cigarillo products in Providence was 6.08 (±2.31) UPCs greater than the increase in ROS (p<0.05). The postpolicy market share of concept-named flavoured cigarillos was higher in Providence (27.32%, ±1.77) than ROS (12.67%, ±1.67) (p<0.05).ConclusionsAfter policy implementation, Providence consumers were exposed to fewer cigarillo UPCs but a greater variety and proportion of concept-named flavoured cigarillos in the retail marketplace.

Impact of Local Flavored Tobacco Sales Restrictions on Policy-Related Attitudes and Tobacco Product Access

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110275
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Feld ◽  
Todd Rogers ◽  
Jennifer Gaber ◽  
Jessica Pikowski ◽  
Matthew C. Farrelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Tobacco Sales ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Perceived Access ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flavored Tobacco

Background As of September 2020, more than 300 state and local jurisdictions restrict the sales of flavored tobacco, with some including menthol. Aims o evaluate the impact of local ordinances restricting the sale of flavored tobacco, we surveyed Californians regarding policy support and perceived access to flavored tobacco. Methods In 2019, we conducted an online survey of 3,075 California youth and young adults recruited via social media, about half of whom lived in a policy jurisdiction. Logistic regressions assessed differences on propensity score–weighted outcomes, policy support, and perceived access. Results Most respondents indicated agreement with almost all policy support statements. Although policy respondents were less likely than rest-of-California respondents to report perceived difficulty in buying flavored cigars, flavored vape users in policy jurisdictions were more likely than those in the rest of California to report perceived difficulty in buying flavored e-liquid. Regardless of jurisdiction, certain priority subgroups were significantly more likely to report perceived difficulty in accessing flavored cigars, flavored vaping products, flavored e-liquid, and menthol cigarettes. Discussion With some exceptions, these findings demonstrate that among vape users in policy jurisdictions and priority subgroups, there is a higher likelihood of reporting perceived difficulty to access flavored tobacco products. Conclusions Findings might be an early indication of shifts in social norms about flavored tobacco products in California, which could gain traction as local sales restriction ordinances proliferate throughout the state and a statewide flavored-tobacco sales restriction goes into effect.

scholarly journals Tobacco companies’ use of retailer incentives after a ban on point-of-sale tobacco displays in Scotland

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Stead ◽  
Douglas Eadie ◽  
Richard I Purves ◽  
Crawford Moodie ◽  
Sally Haw
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Tobacco Company ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
The Public ◽  
Youth Study ◽  
Promotional Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Storage Units

IntroductionIncentives have been used by tobacco companies for many years to encourage retailers to sell and promote their products. However, few studies have examined the use of retailer incentives in countries with a ban on the open display of tobacco products in stores.MethodsAs part of the DISPLAY(Determining the Impact of Smoking Point of Sale Legislation Among Youth) study, annual qualitative interviews were conducted with 24 small retailers in four Scottish communities. This article focuses on data collected in June to July 2015 and June to July 2016 after a ban on the open display of tobacco was fully implemented in Scotland.ResultsRetailers described being offered and benefiting from a range of financial and other incentives, typically offered via tobacco company representatives (‘reps’). Most of the retailers received tobacco manufacturer support for converting their storage unit to be compliant with the new regulations, and several participated in manufacturer ‘loyalty’ or ‘reward’ schemes. Incentives were additionally offered for maintaining stock levels and availability, positioning brands in specified spaces in the public-facing storage units (even though products were covered up), increasing sales, trialling new products and participating in specific promotions, such as verbally recommending specific brands to customers.ConclusionsEven in a market where the open display of tobacco is prohibited, tobacco companies continue to incentivise retailers to sell and promote their brands and have developed new promotional strategies. For countries that have implemented tobacco display bans, or are considering doing so, one option to combat these practices would be to ban promotional communications between manufacturers and retailers.

scholarly journals Longitudinal evaluation of the impact of standardised packaging and minimum excise tax on tobacco sales and industry revenue in the UK

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Hiscock ◽  
Nicole H Augustin ◽  
J Robert Branston ◽  
Anna B Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Tobacco Sales ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mixed Modelling ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundStandardised packaging for factory-made cigarettes (FM) and roll-your-own tobacco (RYO), and a minimum excise tax (MET) were fully implemented in the UK in May 2017 following a 12-month transition period. This paper is the first to examine effects on tobacco sales volumes and company revenues.MethodsAnalysis of UK commercial supermarket and convenience store electronic point of sale data on tobacco sales. FM and RYO products' data (May 2015–April 2018) yielded 107 572 monthly observations. Expected values from additive mixed modelling were used to calculate trends in: (1) volumes of tobacco sold overall, by cigarette type (FM and RYO) and by seven market segments; and (2) company net revenues. A 10-month period (June 2015–March 2016) before the transition to standardised packs was compared with a 10-month period after the introduction of the MET and full implementation of standardised packs (June 2017–March 2018).ResultsPostimplementation, the average monthly decline in stick sales was 6.4 million (95% CI 0.1 million to 12.7 million) sticks faster than prelegislation, almost doubling the speed of decline. Sales of cheap FM brands, previously increasing, plateaued after implementation. Company monthly net revenues declined from a stable £231 million (95% CI £228 million to £234 million), prelegislation, to £198 million (95% CI £191 million to £206 million) in April 2018.ConclusionsThe concurrent introduction of standardised packaging and MET in the UK was associated with significant decline in sales and in tobacco industry revenues, and the end of the previous growth in cheap cigarette brands that appeal to young and price conscious smokers.

THE IMPACT OF UKRAINE'S EXCISE DUTY POLICY ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE TOBACCO MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Nadiia NOVYTSKA ◽  
◽  
Inna KHLIEBNIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transformation Processes

The market of tobacco products in Ukraine is one of the most dynamic and competitive. It develops under the influence of certain factors that cause structural changes, therefore, the aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of transformation processes in the market of tobacco and their alternatives in Ukraine and identify the factors that cause them. The high level of tax burden and the proliferation of alternative products with a potentially lower risk to human health, including heating tobacco products and e-cigarettes, are key factors in the market’s transformation process. Their presence leads to an increase in illicit turnover of tobacco products, which accounts for 6.37% of the market, and the gradual replacement of cigarettes with alternative products, which account for 12.95%. The presence on the market of products that are not taxed or taxed at lower rates is one of the reasons for the reduction of excise duty revenues. According to the results of 2019, the planned indicators of revenues were not met by 23.5%. Other reasons for non-fulfillment of excise duty revenues include: declining dynamics of the tobacco products market; reduction in the number of smokers; reorientation of «cheap whites» cigarette flows from Ukraine to neighboring countries; tax avoidance. Prospects for further research are identified, namely the need to develop measures for state regulation and optimization of excise duty taxation of tobacco products and their alternatives, taking into account the risks to public health and increasing demand of illegal products.

The Impact of Applying the Common Customs Tariff on Armenian Exports of Tobacco Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-365
Author(s):  
V. L. Harutyunyan ◽  
S. V. Dokholyan ◽  
A. R. Makaryan
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

TAX POLICY IN THE FIELD OF EXCISE TAXES ON TOBACCO PRODUCTS IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
A. A. IDRISOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Excise Taxes ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of excise tax revenues to the budget of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the negative impact on the economy of the distribution of illegal tobacco prod-ucts - cigarettes, as well as the impact of new substitutes for this product. The issues of harmonization of the excise policy of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union and the regulation of the tax policy in the field of excise taxes on tobacco products, the introduction of new excise taxes on electronic substitutes are considered. These measures are aimed at creating sustainable export-import foreign trade relations and a single market of legalized smoking products. The article is aimed at developing recommendations on strengthening the economy of tobacco production in the context of the creation of the Eurasian Economic Union, as well as on increasing tax revenues from them.

Self perceived oro-facial behaviour and malocclusion among young adults in Hyderabad city

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasari Tejaswini ◽  
Suhas Kulkarni ◽  
Dolar Doshi ◽  
Adepu Srilatha
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic alterations in the face can be self-perceived and can affect quality of life in young adults.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of malocclusion on self- perceived oro-facial behaviour among young adults.MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted among 638 young adults (aged 18–21 years) of Hyderabad city. One college from each of the five zones of the Hyderabad city (five colleges) were selected by simple random sampling procedure. A 21-item Oro-facial investment scale (OFIS) questionnaire assessing self-perceived oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) assessing the severity of malocclusion was used. Data were analysed with standard statistical software (SPSS, Statistical package for the social sciences, version 20.0). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMales had higher mean scores for knowledge (2.90 ± 0.49) than females (2.73 ± 0.82) and was statistically significant (p = 0.002*). No statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to attitude and practice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference in all the three scores (knowledge, attitude, practice) with respect to age, with significantly high score for knowledge and practice among 18 year old subjects (p = 0.0001*; p = 0.0003* respectively) and attitude among 21 year old subjects (p = 0.0049*). No statistically significant age, gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores. Upon correlation, DAI significantly and positively correlated with knowledge (p = 0.03*) and attitude (p = 0.0001*).ConclusionThis study has shown significant impact of malocclusion on the self-perceived oro-facial behaviour.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document