scholarly journals Safety and Economic Assessment of Converting Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections to Roundabouts on High Speed Rural Highways

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Aemal J. Khattak ◽  
Eric C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Property Damage ◽  
Rural Highways ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Safety Improvement

This research addressed two questions: “Are roundabouts on rural high-speed roadways safer than two-way stop controlled (TWSC) intersections?” and “What economic benefits can be expected from converting TWSC intersections to roundabouts in terms of safety improvement?” Crash and traffic data on four TWSC intersections that were converted to roundabouts in Kansas were analyzed using the empirical Bayes before-after evaluation method and crash costs were applied to evaluate economic benefits. Analysis showed that fatal, non-fatal, and property-damage-only crashes were reduced by 100%, 76.47%, and 35.49%, respectively. The annual monetary value from this reduction was between $1.0—$1.6 million in 2014 dollars.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Regional Agroecological Economic System Based on Emergy Theory: A Case Study of Anhui Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8317
Author(s):  
Xue Wu ◽  
Yaliu Yang ◽  
Conghu Liu ◽  
Guowei Xu ◽  
Yuxia Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Emergy Theory ◽  
Operation Status

The agroecological economic system is the basic system on which human beings depend for survival. In order to better evaluate the operation status of a regional agroecological economic system and deepen the cognition of the input and output of the regional agroecological economic system from the angle of emergy, the evaluation method of sustainable development of the regional agroecological economic system with comprehensive consideration of resources, economy, and environment was proposed by constructing a unified dimensional measurement model. This paper analyzed and evaluated the data of the agroecological economic system in Anhui Province from 2010 to 2019. The results showed that the agroecological economic system in Anhui Province bore less environmental pressure and gradually decreased, and had a good system efficiency and economic benefits. The average emergy sustainability index (ESI) was 3.12, indicating that the agroecological economic system in Anhui Province had certain vitality of sustainable development. Based on this, the paper puts forward some suggestions on sustainable and high-quality agricultural development in Anhui Province, which provides theoretical and methodical support for sustainable development of a regional agricultural economy.

Analysis of Fabric Shape Style Evaluation Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Mei Wang ◽  
Yan Mei Li ◽  
Wan Yue Hu
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Ccd Cameras ◽  
Point Matching ◽  
Feature Point Matching ◽  
Motion Parameters ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation ◽  
Main Factor

Fabric shape style is one of the most important conditions in textile appearance evaluation, and also the main factor influences customer purchasing psychology. At first, the previous fabric shape style evaluation methods are classified and summarized, measurement and evaluation method discussed from tactic and dynamic aspects. Then, companied with computer vision principle, a non-contact method for measuring fabric shape style was put forward. In this method, two high-speed CCD cameras were used to capture fabric movement dynamically, fabric sequences image were obtained in this process. Used the image processing technology include pretreatment and feature point matching to get 3D motion parameters, it can provide data supports for shape style evaluation.

Study of highway asphalt pavement recycling maintenance scheme decision system and decision method

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hongjun Jing ◽  
Ping Yao ◽  
Lichen Song ◽  
Jiahao Zhang ◽  
Yanlong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Highway Maintenance ◽  
Decision System ◽  
Recovery Index ◽  
Pavement Recycling

With modern economic and social development, the technical and economic requirements of highway maintenance and construction projects have become increasingly complicated. Meticulous and in-depth investigation and demonstration guided by scientific theories and methods are of considerable importance to highway maintenance scheme decision. As basis for the selection of highway asphalt pavement recycling maintenance scheme, the factors influencing the decision are analytically demonstrated and an evaluation system is proposed, including three major decision indexes: applicability of recycling mode, recycled pavement quality recovery index, and economic benefit. According to the principles of data statistics and analysis, this study proposes a calculation method for the recycled pavement quality recovery index, analyzes the economic benefits of decision schemes using economic models such as recycling ratio and cost, and puts forward an optimal evaluation method of engineering cost and its fuzzy score intervals. Index weights are calculated through the analytic hierarchy process, and the comprehensive decision evaluation system and comprehensive evaluation method are established. Subsequently, the decision-making method is analyzed on the basis of the decision system by combining the related data. Results show maximum weight of the pavement quality recovery index and minor differences among four recycling schemes in the quality recovery index and applicability. The decision-making results are simplified with clear hierarchical feature because of the fuzzy score intervals of each index. Findings can provide a reference for the asphalt pavement recycling scheme decision.

Value in vehicles: economic assessment of automotive data

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-527
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Soley ◽  
Joshua E. Siegel ◽  
Dajiang Suo ◽  
Sanjay E. Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Model Performance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Vehicle Data ◽  
Data Market ◽  
Data Stewardship ◽  
Value Model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to estimate the value of information generated by and stored within vehicles to help people, businesses and researchers. Design/methodology/approach The authors provide a taxonomy for data within connected vehicles, as well as for actors that value such data. The authors create a monetary value model for different data generation scenarios from the perspective of multiple actors. Findings Actors value data differently depending on whether the information is kept within the vehicle or on peripheral devices. The model shows the US connected vehicle data market is worth between US$11.6bn and US$92.6bn. Research limitations/implications This model estimates the value of vehicle data, but a lack of academic references for individual inputs makes finding reliable inputs difficult. The model performance is limited by the accuracy of the authors’ assumptions. Practical implications The proposed model demonstrates that connected vehicle data has higher value than people and companies are aware of, and therefore we must secure these data and establish comprehensive rules pertaining to data ownership and stewardship. Social implications Estimating the value of data of vehicle data will help companies understand the importance of responsible data stewardship, as well as drive individuals to become more responsible digital citizens. Originality/value This is the first paper to propose a model for computing the monetary value of connected vehicle data, as well as the first paper to provide an estimate of this value.

scholarly journals Economic assessment of urban space and blue-green infrastructure in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Lim ◽  
Stefanos Xenarios
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Greenery

Abstract The urban conglomeration has accentuated the role of urban greenery as a determinant factor for sustainable living, especially in highly dense cities. The country of Singapore has consistently attempted to develop and rehabilitate urban greenery by attempting to align the green space policy with the pursuit of better life quality. In this study, we assess the benefits arising from the rehabilitated Bishan-Ang Mo Kio (AMK) Park in north Singapore and the effects on economic welfare. The Bishan-AMK Park was initially constructed in the late 70 s as a drainage area for the avoidance of flooding incidents. In 2012, a pilot project was introduced to create a blue-green infrastructure (BGI) space for the provision of drainage and flood prevention but also for recreational and environmental improvement in the area. Yet, the benefits emerging from BGI are not well explored and still underestimated. To this extent, we evaluate selected services related to recreational, socio-cultural and tourism-related values by indicating the economic benefits from the introduction of BGI in condensed urban environments like Singapore. The findings indicate that the benefits deriving from the selected services could be within the range of US$100 million to US$220 million with a mean value of US$160 million per year by substantially contributing to human well-being. The assessment of environmental services can raise the awareness of residents and local authorities on the contribution of urban greenery to livelihoods and economic development in Singapore and similar densely populated areas.

scholarly journals Effects of Process Variations in a HCMOS IC using a Monte Carlo SPICE Simulation

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Widianto Widianto ◽  
Lailis Syafaah ◽  
Nurhadi Nurhadi
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Process Variations ◽  
Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Spice Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results

In this paper, effects of process variations in a HCMOS (High-Speed Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) IC (Integrated Circuit) are examined using a Monte Carlo SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) simulation. The variations of the IC are L and VTO variations. An evaluation method is used to evaluate the effects of the variations by modeling it using a normal (Gaussian) distribution. The simulation results show that the IC may be detected as a defective IC caused by the variations based on large supply currents flow to it. 

scholarly journals An Efficient Forwarding Capability Evaluation Method for Opportunistic Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qian Wang ◽  
Zhipeng Gao ◽  
Kun Niu ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Xuesong Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Edge Computing ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Data Forwarding ◽  
Data Redundancy ◽  
Computation Process ◽  
Capability Evaluation

Opportunistic offloading can be utilized to offload computing tasks and traffic data in Mobile Edge Computing (MEC). To improve the ratio of successful data offloading and reduce unnecessary data redundancy in opportunistic forwarding process, some methods of evaluating a device’s forwarding capability are proposed. However, most of these methods do not consider the temporal impact from device mobility and the efficiency influence from the capability computation process. To settle these problems, we proposed a Transient-cluster-based Capability Evaluation Method (TCEM) to evaluate a device’s data forwarding capability. The TCEM can be divided into two steps. The first step aims to reduce computational complexity by evaluating a device’s possibility of contacting the destination within a time constraint based on the transient cluster generated by our proposed Transient Cluster Detection Method (TCDM). The second step is to calculate a device’s probability of directly and indirectly forwarding data to the destination. The probability as a metric of evaluating a device’s forwarding capability can be used in different data forwarding strategies. Simulation results demonstrate that the TCEM-based data forwarding strategy outperforms other data forwarding strategies from the aspect of the proportion of the data delivery ratio to the data redundancy.

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