scholarly journals Mycorrhiza Enhanced Protein and Lipid Contents of Potatoes Grown on Inceptisol with Addition of Organic Matter

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Anne Nurbaity ◽  
Glenn Christopher Uratel ◽  
Jajang Sauman Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual

Enhancement of productivity of potato plants grown on poor-P soil such as Inceptisols due to application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has been acknowledged. However, whether this AMF improved the quality of potato tubers is still need further investigation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of AMF in enhancing potato quality and determine whether the addition of compost and biochar to soil can support the productivity of this biofertilizer in enhancing the nutrient content in the tubers of potato plant. Screen house experiment was set up in factorial design with treatments were organic matter types (compost and compost plus biochar), and application of arbuscular mycorrhiza (without and with AMF consisted of Glomus sp. and Gigaspora sp.). Results of experiment showed that there was no interaction effect between organic matter and AMF on quality of potato tubers, however, the individual treatment especially AMF  increased the content of protein and lipid of potato tubers. Biochar that added to soil with compost was also increased the lipid content of potato tubers. This finding showed that AMF application in potato production grown in poor P-soil was not only increased the yield of potato, but also increased the quality of potato tubers.

scholarly journals Interactive Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Elevated CO2 on Growth and Functional Food Value of Thymus vulgare

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talaat H. Habeeb ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Mawgoud ◽  
Ramy S. Yehia ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Ali Khalil ◽  
Ahmed M. Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Food Value

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and elevated CO2 (eCO2) have been effectively integrated to the agricultural procedures as an ecofriendly approach to support the production and quality of plants. However, less attention has been given to the synchronous application of AMF and eCO2 and how that could affect the global plant metabolism. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of AMF and eCO2, individually or in combination, on growth, photosynthesis, metabolism and the functional food value of Thymus vulgare. Results revealed that both AMF and eCO2 treatments improved the photosynthesis and biomass production, however much more positive impact was obtained by their synchronous application. Moreover, the levels of the majority of the detected sugars, organic acids, amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, volatile compounds, phenolic acids and flavonoids were further improved as a result of the synergistic action of AMF and eCO2, as compared to the individual treatments. Overall, this study clearly shows that co-application of AMF and eCO2 induces a synergistic biofertilization impact and enhances the functional food value of T. vulgare by affecting its global metabolism.

scholarly journals Function of organic matter (green manure) and the effect on soil properties

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Geeta Shrestha Vaidya ◽  
K Shrestha ◽  
H Wallander
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Trees and shrubs on the lower hillsides in Nepal form symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and these fungi are important for the uptake of mineral nutrients from the soil and the mycelia formed by the fungi have an important function in stabilizing the soil (Wright and Upadhyaya 1998, Shrestha 1999 and Shrestha Vaidya et.al 2005a). The success of plantations of these eroded slopes is therefore highly dependent on the extent of mycorrhizal colonization of the plants. In this study we have investigated the role organic matter on growth of an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in eroded slopes in Nepal such as Chalnakhel, Kathmandu District. Different types of organic matter (leaves of Thitonia diversifolia, Eupatorium adenophorum and Lantana camara) were collected and were shade dried and finally powedered. Nutrient analysis was done of these organic matter and soil of experimental site before plantation and after harvest. Lantana camara was taken for plantation on their nutrient content basis. 100 nursery plants Leuceania diversifolia plantation were done in Chalnakhel . Among these 50 plants with Lantana camara and 50 plants were for control. We investigated the influence of organic matter or P amendments on production of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in eroded slopes in Nepal. Organic matter addition enhanced the production of AM fungal biomass as well as number of AM spores. We suggest that the positive influence of such organic matter additions can make an important contribution to plant survival in plantations of eroded slopes in Nepal, and thus to restoration success. Key Words : Organic matters (Lantana camara), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Leuceania diversifolia and Chalnakhel. doi: 10.3126/banko.v17i2.2157 Banko Janakari, Vol. 17, No. 2, 62-69

scholarly journals The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on Euterpe oleracea mart. (açaí) seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1018-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ying Chu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Black Plastic

With the objective of verifying the response of Euterpe oleracea seedlings to seven arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species, an experimental trial was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Seeds of E. oleracea were sown in carbonized rice husk. Germinating seeds were initially transferred to plastic cups, containing fumigated Reddish Yellow Quartz Sand and inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Two months later, seedlings were transferred to 2 kg black plastic bags, containing the same soil without fumigation. Plant growth and mineral nutrients were evaluated nine months after mycorrhizal inoculation. Differential effects were observed among the species tested, with Scutellispora gilmorei being the most effective ones in promoting growth and nutrient content of E. oleracea seedlings. The increment resulted from inoculation with S. gilmorei were 92% in total plant height, 116% in stem diameter, 361% in dry matter production, 191% in N, 664% in P, 46% in K, 562% in Ca, 363% in Mg and 350% in Zn contents, comparing to uninoculated controls. Infected root length was positively correlated to nutrient content and plant growth. It was concluded that growth and nutrient uptake of E. oleracea seedlings could be significantly improved by inoculation of effective arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals Effect of Phosphate Fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on The Nutrient, Phosphateuptake and in Vitro Digestibility of Alfalfa

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Suwignyo ◽  
Bela Putra ◽  
Nafiatul Umami ◽  
Cahyo Wulandari ◽  
Ristianto Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Total P

This study aimed to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate (P) fertilizer on the nutrient content, phosphate uptake and in vitro digestibility of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).The research was conducted at green house of Forage and Pastures Science Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science Universitas Gadjah Mada. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design using 3x4 factorial patterns with four replications. The first factor was dosage of phosphate fertilizer SP 36 (0, 60, and 120 kg/ha). Second factor was the dosage of AMF (0, 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4kg/ha). The variable measured was nutrient contents (crude protein, dry matter, and organic matter), total P uptake and dry matter and organic matter in vitro digestibility. The results showed that the interaction of AMF and P fertilizer had no significant effect on crude protein and total P uptake, but highly significant effect on the parameters of dry matter, organic matter and dry matter and organic matter in vitro digestibility. 

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bio-inoculants Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphorus on Micronutrient Status of Leaves and Soil in Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Layers in Nursery Condition

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
R. R. Singh ◽  
Ruby Rani ◽  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Uday Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phosphorus Application

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) originated from South China, it is sub-tropical evergreen fruit crops, especially grown on the marginal climate of tropics and subtropics. It is delicious juicy fruit of India having excellent nutritional quality, pleasant flavoured, good amount of antioxidant and vitamins C, vitamin B-complex and phytonutrients flavonoids. It has a great potential to earn foreign exchange in the national and international market through export. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) infection is a common association between plant roots and microorganisms. It is responsible for increasing plant nutrient uptake and also increases in macro and micronutrients in leaf. Therefore, the present work has been analyzed macro and micro nutrients from soil and leaf, after 60, 90 and 120 days after inoculation of two bio-inoculants with phosphorus (SSP) including nine treatments with three replications. After 120 days of inoculation both the species of mycorrhizal combination with phosphorus application were very effective. Highest Copper content is (10.99 ppm), Zinc (33.17 ppm), Iron (121.47 ppm) and Manganese (15.33 ppm) was recorded in case T5 (G. mosseae 10 g + Phosphorus 50 mg kg-1 of soil) which is gradually increases. The soil nutrient content gradually decreased with time duration but no- significant difference was found among treatments after 120 days inoculation. After 120 days potting result was found that the Copper content is (1.70 ppm), Zinc (3.07 ppm), Iron (7.80 ppm) and Manganese (4.00 ppm) was recorded in case T5 (G. mosseae 10 g + Phosphorus 50 mg kg-1 of soil).this research was undertaken to find out whether Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) infection and phosphorus affect the micro-nutrient status of soil and leaves in nursery stage.

Variation in in vitro hatch of potato cyst nematodes in response to different potato cultivars inoculated with isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-672
Author(s):  
Patrick Haydock ◽  
Peter Jones ◽  
Thomas Deliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Commercial Mixture ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shoot Emergence

AbstractSix potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars (Home Guard, Bintje, British Queen, Maris Piper, Pentland Dell and Saturna) were inoculated with Vaminoc (a commercial mixture of three selected arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) isolates) and with two of the individual AMF isolates present in Vaminoc, Glomus intraradices (BioRize BB-E) and Glomus mosseae (isolate BEG 12). Root length colonisation by AMF at 6 weeks after shoot emergence ranged from 49 to 54%, with Vaminoc exhibiting the highest percentage. In comparison with control plants, AMF-inoculated plants accelerated the in vitro hatch (21% mean increase) of the potato cyst nematode (PCN) species Globodera pallida (but not of G. rostochiensis) in potato root leachate collected 3 weeks after shoot emergence. The effects of mycorrhization on PCN hatch were broadly similar across the six potato cultivars. This consistency supports the potential use of AMF inoculation of potato plants as part of an integrated pest management strategy for G. pallida.

scholarly journals Glomalin – an interesting protein part of the soil organic matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítězslav Vlček ◽  
Miroslav Pohanka
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Citrate Buffer

The negative effects of the current agricultural practices include erosion, acidification, loss of soil organic matter (dehumification), loss of soil structure, soil contamination by risky elements, reduction of biological diversity and land use for non-agricultural purposes. All these effects are a huge risk to the further development of soil quality from an agronomic point of view and its resilience to projected climate change. Organic matter has a crucial role in it. Relatively significant correlations with the quality or the health of soil parameters and the soil organic matter or some fraction of the soil organic matter have been found. In particular, Ctot, Cox, humic and fulvic acids, the C/N ratio, and glomalin. Our work was focused on glomalin, a glycoprotein produced by the hyphae and spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which we classify as Glomeromycota. Arbuscular mycorrhiza, and its molecular pathways, is not a well understood phenomenon. It appears that many proteins are involved in the arbuscular mycorrhiza from which glomalin is probably one of the most significant. This protein is also responsible for the unique chemical and physical properties of soils and has an ecological and economical relevance in this sense and it is a real product of the mycorrhiza. Glomalin is very resistant to destruction (recalcitrant) and difficult to dissolve in water. Its extraction requires specific conditions: high temperature (121°C) and a citrate buffer with a neutral or alkaline pH. Due to these properties, glomalin (or its fractions) are very stable compounds that protect the soil aggregate surface. In this review, the actual literature has been researched and the importance of glomalin is discussed.  

scholarly journals TEAM MIDTERM IN AN INTRODUCTORY PROCESS DESIGN COURSE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marnie V. Jamieson ◽  
John M. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Summative Assessment ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
Student Teams ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reduced Time

The introductory design course combines team and individual formative and summative assessment techniques. Individual summative midterm and final examinations were used to assess individual performance.Students were given the opportunity to increase their individual midterm examination marks by rewriting the same examination as a team following the individual summative assessment. This formative exercise providedstudents with a comparison of the efficacy and quality of teamwork versus individual work, and provided immediate feedback and correction for many conceptual and mechanical errors on the summative midterm  examination. This paper reports on the strategy and set up of the midterm examination, the results obtained by individual students and student teams, and learning outcomes (including anecdotal comments from students regarding the experience and reduced time spent reviewing examinations with students) based on two iterations of the course.

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