scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Selenium Nanowires

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Senthil kumaran ◽  
S. Agilan ◽  
Dhayalan Velauthapillai ◽  
N. Muthukumarasamy ◽  
M. Thambidurai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Selenium Nanowires ◽  
Trigonal Phase

Selenium nanowires have been grown by chemical method. The effect of annealing on the properties of the prepared selenium nanowires has been studied. The X-ray diffraction studies indicated the formation of selenium with trigonal phase, and no secondary phase was observed. The composition analysis results show that selenium is present in the sample. HRTEM images reveal that selenium nanowires have diameter ranging from 30–50 nm and length of 1-2 μm. The diameter and length of nanowires have been found to increase with increase in annealing temperature.

Preliminary Study of Alginates Extracted from Brown Algae (Sargassum sp.) Available in Madura Island as Composite Based Hydrogel Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaliya Rasyida ◽  
Thalyta Rizkha Pradipta ◽  
Sigit Tri Wicaksono ◽  
Vania Mitha Pratiwi ◽  
Yeny Widya Rakhmawati
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Preliminary Study

Utilization of brown algae especially in Madura, where it’s close to Surabaya, only limited for food. This become a reference for developing and increasing the potential of this algae by extracting one of the ingredients, namely alginate. This paper deals with the characterization of sodium alginate extracted from sargassum sp. using modified-purified calcium routes. The extracted sodium alginate will be further used as composite hydrogel materials and compared with commercial sodium alginate. Hereafter, the synthesized composite is expected to be bio-ink for 3d printer. Chemical composition analysis were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorosense (XRF) followed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to identify the functional group of composite and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, viscosity bath is performed to compare the viscosity of extracted and commercial one. The result shows that modified-purified calcium routes in the extraction process of sodium alginate is desirable for improving their properties. Interestingly enough, with the goal of using it as bio-ink in 3d printed fabrication, the synthesized composite shows viscosity, 300 cSt, which meets the criteria for bio-ink in 3d printer.

scholarly journals Characterization of ferrite nanoparticles for preparation of biocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1257-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Klekotka ◽  
Magdalena Rogowska ◽  
Dariusz Satuła ◽  
Beata Kalska-Szostko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Activity ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Chemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wet Chemical

Ferrite nanoparticles with nominal composition Me0.5Fe2.5O4 (Me = Co, Fe, Ni or Mn) have been successfully prepared by the wet chemical method. The obtained particles have a mean diameter of 11–16 ± 2 nm and were modified to improve their magnetic properties and chemical activity. The surface of the pristine nanoparticles was functionalized afterwards with –COOH and –NH2 groups to obtain a bioactive layer. To achieve our goal, two different modification approaches were realized. In the first one, glutaraldehyde was attached to the nanoparticles as a linker. In the second one, direct bonding of such nanoparticles with a bioparticle was studied. In subsequent steps, the nanoparticles were immobilized with enzymes such as albumin, glucose oxidase, lipase and trypsin as a test bioparticles. The characterization of the nanoparticles was acheived by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The effect of the obtained biocomposites was monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results show that in some cases the use of glutaraldehyde was crucial (albumin).

Synthesis and characterization of MnO2nanowires

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Ghorbani ◽  
Abdol Mahmood Davarpanah
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Method

Manganese oxides are of more interest to researchers because of their ability as catalysts and lithium batteries. In this research, MnO2nanowires with diameter about 45 nm were synthesized by sol–gel method at room temperature (RT). Effect of increasing the annealing temperature from 400[Formula: see text]C to 600[Formula: see text]C on crystalline structure of nanostructure were studied and average crystallite size was estimated about 22 nm. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method, Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction (EDXD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) were used to characterize the nanowires of MnO2.

Sol-gel derived Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 thin films: Preparation and structure

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 596-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Qing-Xin Su ◽  
K. M. Moulding ◽  
D. J. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Small Grains

Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 thin films were prepared by a sol-gel process involving the reaction of barium isopropoxide, tantalum ethoxide, and magnesium acetate in 2-methoxyethanol and subsequently hydrolysis, spin-coating, and heat treatment. Transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy were used for the characterization of the thin films. It was shown that the thin films tend to crystallize with small grains sized below 100 nm. Crystalline phase with cubic (disordered) perovskite structure was formed in the samples annealed at a very low temperature (below 500 °C), and well-crystallized thin films were obtained at 700 °C. Although disordered perovskite is dominant in the thin films annealed below 1000 °C, a low volume fraction of 1 : 2 ordering domains was found in the samples and grows with an increase of annealing temperature.

Fabrication and characterization of n-ZnO nanorods/p-Si (100) heterojunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieu Loan Phan Thi ◽  
Lam Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Anh Tuan Dao ◽  
Nguyen Huu Ke ◽  
Vu Tuan Hung Le
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Average Height ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Chemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

In this paper, ZnO nanorods were grown by wet chemical method on p-Si (100) substrate to form n-ZnO nanorods/p-Si (100) heterojunction. The optical, electrical, structural properties of n-ZnO nanorods/p-Si(100) heterojunction were analyzed by the photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The room temperature PL spectra reveal the good optical property of the heterojunction with strong UV peak at 385[Formula: see text]nm. The ZnO nanorods were vertically well-aligned on p-Si (100) and had an average height of about 1.6[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m. The n-ZnO nanorods/p-Si (100) heterojunction also exhibits diode-like-rectifying-behavior.

scholarly journals Reactive Mechanism of Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films Prepared by Reactive Annealing of the Cu/Zn Metal Layer in a SnSex + Se Atmosphere

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyong Yao ◽  
Jianping Ao ◽  
Ming-Jer Jeng ◽  
Jinlian Bi ◽  
Shoushuai Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Metal Layer ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Process Variations ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin films were prepared by a two-step process with the electrodeposition of a Cu/Zn metallic stack precursor followed by a reactive anneal under a Se + Sn containing atmosphere. We investigate the effect of the Sex and SnSex (x = 1,2) partial pressures and annealing temperature on the morphological, structural, and elemental distribution of the CZTSe thin films. Line scanning energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) measurements show the presence of a Zn-rich secondary phase at the back-absorber region of the CZTSe thin films processed with higher SnSex partial pressure and lower annealing temperatures. The Zn-rich phase can be reduced by lowering the SnSex partial pressure and by increasing the annealing temperature. A very thin MoSe2 film between the CZTSe and Mo interface is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) measurements. These measurements indicate a strong dependence of these process variations in secondary phase formation and accumulation. A possible reaction mechanism of CZTSe thin films was presented. In a preliminary optimization of both the SnSex partial pressure and the reactive annealing process, a solar cell with 7.26% efficiency has been fabricated.

Annealing induced structural changes and microcracking in Mo-Mo3Si

2002 ◽  
Vol 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-L. Wang ◽  
J. H. Schneibel ◽  
Y. D. Wang ◽  
J. W. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTCast Mo-Mo3Si intermetallic composites develop microcracks after annealing at high temperature. Neutron diffraction, x-ray diffraction, composition analysis, and scanning electron microscopy have been used to characterize the structural changes induced by annealing of Mo-Mo3Si. It is shown that the observed cracking cannot be attributed to differential thermal stresses that developed on cooling from the annealing temperature. Instead, the experimental data suggest that the cracks were initiated at high temperature, possibly due to diffusion of Si atoms from supersaturated α-Mo to Mo3Si.

Structural and Luminescence Properties of Nanocrystalline Eu3+-doped Gd2O3

2008 ◽  
Vol 1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Segundo Jauregui ◽  
Oscar Perales-Perez ◽  
Omar Vasquez ◽  
W. Jia ◽  
M. S. Tomar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Atomic Fraction ◽  
Photoluminescence Intensity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Species Being

ABSTRACTThe present work addresses the synthesis and characterization of red emitting Gd2-xEuxO3 nanocrystalline phosphors by a modified sol-gel based method. The effects of the annealing temperature and atomic fraction of Eu3+ ions, ‘x’, on the structural and luminescence properties of the produced oxides have been systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that crystalline cubic-Gd2O3 host structure was obtained when the intermediates (x=0.01-0.30) were annealed at different temperatures in air. Photoluminescence spectra of doped Gd2O3 powders showed all transitions of Eu3+ species, being the 5D0→7F2 transition the most intense. On a common sample-weight basis, the highest photoluminescence intensity was obtained at ‘x’ = 0.15. The energy transfer from host to dopant was verified for all evaluated ‘x’ values, which suggest the actual incorporation of Eu species into the Gd-oxide lattice. It was also found that the photoluminescence intensity was strongly dependent on the annealing temperature and dopant concentration.

Development and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Al/Ilmenite Nanocomposite

2014 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Lanka Rasidhar ◽  
A. Rama Krishna ◽  
Ch. Srinivasa Rao ◽  
K. Vijaya Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present investigation, microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocomposites fabricated via stir casting were evaluated. The composites were based on Al (99.7) reinforced with ilmenite nanoparticles. The characterization of the nanoparticles and nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) facilities. Microstructure of specimens show that reasonable distribution of FeTiO3 nanoparticles in the matrix, secondary phase FeAl3 observed in the microstructure. Ultimate tensile strength and compression tests were carried out in order to identify the mechanical properties. The hardness of the composites is enhanced with the addition of nanoparticles. The optimum value for ultimate tensile and compression strength are obtained with the addition of 3 % ilmenite nanoparticles. Ductile fracture in tensile fractured samples was observed by fractrography examination.

Production and Characterization of Alumina-Diamond Composites and Nanocomposites

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Elíria Maria de Jesus Agnolon Pallone ◽  
Vania Trombini ◽  
Kátia L. Silva ◽  
Luis O. Bernardi ◽  
Makoto Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Diamond Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Alumina Matrix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Matrices

One of the most recent alternatives in the development of materials with high mechanical properties and wear resistance is the addition of nanometric and/or micrometric particles of a secondary phase into ceramic matrices. Nanostructured materials can be defined as systems that have at least one microstructural characteristic of nanometric dimensions (less than 100nm). In this work, alumina-diamond nanocomposites were produced using nanometric diamond powder obtained by high energy milling in a SPEX mixer mill for 6h. The crystallite size was 30nm. After deagglomeration, the diamond powder was added to the alumina matrix in a ratio of 5wt%. The samples were isostatically pressed and high-vacuum sintered. The resulting nanocomposites and composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and by microhardness, diametral compression and wear resistance tests. The results confirmed the promising wear characteristics of the alumina-diamond nanocomposite.

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