scholarly journals Reduction of Turbidity of Water Using Locally Available Natural Coagulants

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Asrafuzzaman ◽  
A. N. M. Fakhruddin ◽  
Md. Alamgir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Dolichos Lablab ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Natural Coagulants

Turbidity imparts a great problem in water treatment. Moringa oleifera, Cicer arietinum, and Dolichos lablab were used as locally available natural coagulants in this study to reduce turbidity of synthetic water. The tests were carried out, using artificial turbid water with conventional jar test apparatus. Optimum mixing intensity and duration were determined. After dosing water-soluble extracts of Moringa oleifera, Cicer arietinum, and Dolichos lablab reduced turbidity to 5.9, 3.9, and 11.1 nephelometric turbidity unit (NTU), respectively, from 100 NTU and 5, 3.3, and 9.5, NTU, respectively, after dosing and filtration. Natural coagulants worked better with high, turbid, water compare to medium, or low, turbid, water. Highest turbidity reduction efficiency (95.89%) was found with Cicer arietinum. About 89 to 96% total coliform reduction were also found with natural coagulant treatment of turbid water. Using locally available natural coagulants, suitable, easier, and environment friendly options for water treatment were observed.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM. SEEDS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargis Nisar ◽  
Bhupendra Koul ◽  
Bhupendra Koul
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Animal Consumption

Coagulants play a vital role in treatment of raw water for both human and animal consumption. Aluminium sulphate is the most common and effective chemical coagulant for water treatment. However, chemical coagulants are costineffective, toxic, are not eco-friendly and may also cause severe health issues like cancers and neurologic disorders including Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, natural and greener methods of water purification are crucial for safe and effective water treatment. Therefore, alternative natural and greener method of water purification is required. Seeds of Vicia faba, Cicer arientinum, Jatropha curcas, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays, Vigna mungo etc. have also been used in water purification regimes. Moringa oleifera seeds contain anti-microbial properties and cationic water-soluble proteins (polyelectrolytes) which possess active coagulative properties that can remove the turbidity and heavy metals like Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, etc from raw water, thus can treat impure water efficiently. Therefore, natural coagulants are preferred over chemical coagulants as they are feasible to use, affordable, eco-friendly and less toxic. This review provides explicit information on efficiency and use of M. oleifera seeds in water treatment and their relative comparison with that of routine chemical coagulants. Thus, further collaborative research (industry and academia) on the alternative greener techniques of water purification are still required to gain sustainability in water purification regimes in developing countries.

scholarly journals SEMENTES DE Moringa oleífera Lam: EFICIÊNCIA NO USO DE COAGULANTE BIOLÓGICO NO TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA COM TURBIDEZ, COMPARADO AO COAGULANTE QUÍMICO SULFATO DE ALUMÍNIO

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Maiara Luzia Grigoli OLIVIO ◽  
Elizângela Flávia Jacob ESTEVES ◽  
Dagmar Aparecida de Marco FERRO
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Comumente o sulfato de alumínio é o coagulante químico utilizado nas Estações de Tratamentos para a clarificação da água, embora produza um lodo tóxico de difícil deposição no ambiente. No entanto, os coagulantes naturais como sementes de Moringa oleífera Lam. têm demonstrado vantagens para tratamento em comparação aos químicos, pela simplicidade de uso e baixo custo. O estudo objetivou analisar a eficiência coagulante da semente de Moringa oleífera na clarificação de água com turbidez e comparar com os parâmetros do coagulante químico sulfato de alumínio. As amostras de água foram coletadas no Córrego Jacu Queimado e as sementes colhidas em um plantio da própria espécie. Foram realizados, em laboratório, etapas sequenciais do experimento: comparação da eficiência da semente verde e seca, determinação da concentração e tempo de exposição da semente à água, comparação de agitação manual e magnética entre elas e do coagulante biológico com o químico, sendo analisados os aspectos físico, químico e biológico antes e após a adição de ambos. Observou-se que apenas a semente seca realiza a clarificação da água em comparação com os resultados das análises da água clarificada com o sulfato, determinando-se que 5 sementes são eficazes para tratar 1 litro de água com turbidez de até 25,0 NTU, considerando-se mais relevante a agitação manual para o efeito de coagulação e o aguardo de 2 horas para o término da decantação. Conclui-se, que a semente de Moringa é um coagulante biológico que se apresenta como alternativa para o tratamento de água com turbidez, porém, ainda não é indicada para a potabilidade. É preciso dar continuidade ao tratamento em busca de processos que visam melhorar a qualidade da água para aproximar-se aos parâmetros aceitáveis para o consumo humano.   Moringa oleífera Lam SEEDS: EFFICIENT USE OF BIOLOGICAL COAGULANT FOR WATER TURBIDITY TREATMENT, COMPARED TO ALUMINUM SULFATE CHEMICAL COAGULANT   ABSTRACT Aluminum sulfate is a chemical coagulant commonly used at Water Treatment Plants for water clarification, although it produces a toxic sludge of difficult deposition in the environment. However, natural coagulants such as Moringa oleíferaLam seeds have evidenced the advantages for the treatment when compared to chemicals, due to either their simplicity in and low cost.  This research aims at reviewing the efficient use of   Moringa oleífera seeds as coagulants for turbid water clarification as well as comparing the parameters of aluminum sulfate chemical coagulants. The water samples were collected at Córrego Jacu Queimado and the seeds were harvested from a crop of its own species. Sequential steps were performed in the lab for this experiment: Comparison of green and dry seeds efficiency, concentration and time of exposition of the seed to water measurements, comparison of manual and magnetic stirring among them and among biological and chemical coagulants, being analyzed physical, chemical and biological aspects before and after adding both of them. It was observed that only the dry seed enables water clarification when comparing the analysis results to sulfate water clarification, it was ascertained that 5 seeds are efficient to treat a liter of 25,0 NTU turbidity in water, considering as more relevant manual stirring for coagulation effect after a two-hour rest for decantation completion. It was concluded that Moringa seed is a biological coagulant presented as an alternative for turbid water treatment, although it is not indicated for drinkability. Further treatment is necessary in order to keep searching for processes that target to improve the quality of water and meeting acceptable parameters for water consumption.   Keywords: Biological Coagulant. Chemical Coagulant. Efficiency. Water Clarification. Comparative Parameters.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of the white lily Moringa oleifera seed extract and its use in water treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Maria de Andrade ◽  
Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

White lily Moringa oleifera seed powder acts as a natural coagulant promoting the reduction of water turbidity by the coagulation and sedimentation of the suspended particles, also eliminating the microorganisms by sedimentation. The aqueous extract of M. oleifera presented an inhibitory capacity for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the hydroalcoholic extract inhibited S. aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Vibrio cholerae, using the agar diffusion test. Standard strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to the extracts. The water treatment through the aqueous extract of M. oleifera seeds at 0.02% and 0.01% concentrations was evaluated with the water samples collected in the Sinibu River, Paraíba State, Brazil, using the jar test. The water samples analyzed in this work were characterized by low turbidity (2.8-3.0 NTU), and pH and alkalinity between 5.8-7.3 and 10-30 mg CaCO3/L, respectively. After water treatment with M. oleifera aqueous extract, it was observed that pH, turbidity and alkalinity did not change significantly. Total heterotrophic bacteria counts in the crude water samples were between 1.9 x 10^5 UFC/100 mL and 1.1 x 10^6 CFU/100 mL, while the number of fecal coliforms was between 2.3 x 10^2 NMP/100 mL and 2.4 x 10^3 NMP/100 mL. The counts of total bacteria and fecal coliforms in the water samples treated with aqueous white lily extract at both concentrations tested (0.02% and 0.01%) during the 1.5-hour period did not differ significantly when compared to the untreated water. The results obtained in this work indicate that low turbidity of water influenced the efficacy of M. oleifera extract in the removal of bacteria in the treated water, since the level of coagulation depends on water turbidity.

Extraction of natural coagulants from Maerua subcordata and Moringa stenopetala for use in turbid water treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moa Megersa ◽  
Abebe Beyene ◽  
Argaw Ambelu ◽  
Ludwig Triest
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Moringa Stenopetala ◽  
Natural Coagulants

scholarly journals Recombinant protein expression of Moringa oleifera lectin in methylotrophic yeast as active coagulant for sustainable high turbid water treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 1642-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Azhar Abd Wahid ◽  
Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor ◽  
Masafumi Goto ◽  
Norio Sugiura ◽  
Nor’azizi Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Recombinant Protein Expression ◽  
Methylotrophic Yeast ◽  
Turbid Water

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS Bill KELOR (Moringa oleifera), Bill SALAK (Salacca zalacca), DAN BIll PEPAYA (Carica papaya) SEBAGAI BAHAN KOAGULAN DALAM MENURUNKAN KEKERUHAN AIR

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Permata ◽  
Margono . ◽  
Ngadino .
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
Papaya Seeds

Water purification is typically carried out using chemical coagulants like Tewes. localname for Aluminum sulfate. In many parts of the world experts are looking into coagulantmaterials derived from plants. Among many of them is the Moringa seeds. Moringa seedscontain water-soluble proteins, when crushed and dissolved in water it will form a positivelycharged solution. Electrophoreses Test proved that positively charged solution were alsoresulted from the use of Salak seeds and Papaya seed. The purpose of this study was toanalyze the differences in coagulation using Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Salak (Salaccazalacca), and Papaya seeds (Carica Papaya).The study was performed in a quasi-experimental set up exercising a pretest-posttestdesign. The object for the study was water sample taken from a river used by the communityin kecamatan Krembung for their water source. As much as 1000 ml of river water was used ineach test run. Test containers were treated with natural coagulants. Coagulant materials usedin the tests were Tawas powder, Moringa, Salak, and Papaya seeds at a dose-series of 50 ppmto 1000 ppm. The resulted data were analyzed using Kruskal - Wallis Test.There was a significant difference with regard to optimal dose of the natural coagulantsas well as the percentage of turbidity reduction. The optimal dose for Moringa seeds was 130ppm with a percentage of reduction at 97,3% that reduced turbidity down to 2.7 NTU. Theoptimal dose for Salak seeds was 100 ppm that resulted in a percentage reduction of 89,2%and reduced the turbidity down to 10.9 NTU. The optimal dose for Papaya seeds was 50 ppmwith a percentage of decline at 83,4% reducing the turbidity down to 16,7 NTU. Moringaseeds coagulant has maximum turbidity reducing capability, while the other two naturalcoagulants, Salak and Papaya seeds, were not in their maximum levels of turbidity reducingcapabilities.At a dose of 200 ppm Moringa seeds exhibited a greater ability as a coagulant inlowering water turbidity compared to the other natural coagulants, Salak seeds at a dose of100 ppm and Papaya seeds at a dose of 50 ppm. The study concluded that Moringa seeds canbe applied as a substitute for chemical coagulants provided they are used within 1 x 24 hours.Key Words : Turbidity and Coagulant

scholarly journals Clarification of the water of wetlands using a mixture of natural coagulants

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (209) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerin Rianos ◽  
María Carolina Meza Leones ◽  
Ivan Dario Mercado Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Natural Coagulants

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the coagulant power of 5 natural combinations to clarify the water of a wetland. The clarification process was simulated with the jar test and a rapid agitation at 120 rpm was established for this test for 1 minute, slow agitation at 30 rpm for 20 minutes and sedimentation for 15 minutes. For the natural combinations, a ratio of 90-10, 80-20, 70-30, 60-40, and 50-50yucca -seeds of Moringa oleifera was determined. After the process, the turbidity of the water was compared with a control sample. It was determined that the best results were obtained with treatment 2, 4 and 5 that removed the turbidity of the water from the wetland in 89.7%,93.0 and 93.4% and 93.4% respectively.

scholarly journals Improving Filtrate Quality Using Agrobased Materials as Coagulant Aid

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar Raghuwanshi ◽  
Monika Mandloi ◽  
Arvind J. Sharma ◽  
Hanumat S. Malviya ◽  
Sanjeev Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Granular Media ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Treatment Train ◽  
Strychnos Potatorum ◽  
Filter Bed

Abstract In the present study, an evaluation of agrobased materials (ABM) as a coagulant aid in conjunction with alum has been conducted to determine their efficacy in water treatment. The agrobased materials evaluated are Surjana seed (Moringa oleifera), Nirmali seed (Strychnos potatorum) and maize (Zeemays). Experiments have been conducted simulating a conventional water treatment train consisting of coagulation-flocculation-settling and granular media filtration. Emphasis has been given to the filtration aspect of the treatment train using synthetic turbid water. The filter performance was defined by water quality and head loss development across the filter bed. When Nirmali seed or maize was used as a coagulant aid, the alum dose required was 25 and 15 mg/L, respectively, and the filtrate turbidity achieved was less than 0.2 NTU, whereas alum alone with a dose of 45 mg/L achieved filtrate turbidity levels higher than 1 NTU. Thus, the use of ABM improved the filtrate quality. Head loss in filter with Surjana seed and Maize as coagulant aids was comparable to that of alum alone, whereas it was higher when Nirmali seed was used as a coagulant aid.

The Potential of Different Saline Solution on the Extraction of the Moringa oleifera Seed's Active Component for Water Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grasiele Scaramal Madrona ◽  
Rosangela Bergamasco ◽  
Vanessa Jurca Seolin ◽  
Marcia R. Fagundes Klen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

The main objective of the present work is to study the efficiency in terms of removing color and turbidity of raw water in order to obtain drinking water. For this purpose, different coagulant solutions were obtained utilizing different salts, NaCl, KCl and MgCl2, in concentration 1M, distilled water combined with the Moringa oleifera Lam seed. Each coagulant solution obtained was studied with concentrations ranging from 25 to 300 mg/L of Moringa in salt solution. The tests were performed in the “Jar Test,” and the efficiency of the process was assessed in terms of color and turbidity. The results show no difference in the coagulation for extracts using the salts KCl, NaCl and MgCl2 1 Molar. The best results were found employing the coagulant solutions extracted with salt, in various concentration ranges (125 to 300 mg/L); as the concentration of protein in solution becomes higher, the greater is its power as a coagulant. The lowest content of protein was found in the solution extracted with water, which consequently had the lowest values of color and turbidity removal. Finally, the results obtained by the present work show that the seed of Moringa oleifera Lam is a great alternative for use as a coagulant in drinking water treatment systems.

scholarly journals Combined water treatment with extract of natural Moringa oleifera Lam and synthetic coagulant

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Cardoso Valverde ◽  
Edneia Aparecida de Souza Paccola ◽  
Armando Mateus Pomini ◽  
Natália Ueda Yamaguchi ◽  
Rosangela Bergamasco
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
Filtration Stage ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

This study evaluated the efficiency of coagulation/flocculation, sedimentation and filtration processes using the combination of natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera Lam (MO) and synthetic coagulant aluminum polychloride (PAC) for water treatment. Raw water was obtained from the Pirapó River Basin, Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil. Coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation assays were carried out in a Jar Test. A two-layer rapid filter filled with sand and anthracite was used in the filtration stage. Water quality and therefore the efficiency of the process were determined by means of the analysis of physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters, including the determination of floc size and zeta potential. The utilization of MO contributed to the reduction of the required demand of synthetic coagulant PAC. The association of coagulants, with 80%/20% or 60%/40% of MO/PAC, ensured an improvement of water quality parameters, such as apparent color, turbidity and UV254nm, as well as the possibility of water production with adequate potability standard.

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