“We Were Real Skookum Women”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Roy ◽  
Ruth Taylor
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Northwest Coast ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
Conceptual Distinction ◽  
Historical Photographs

This chapter examines historical photographs that uncover a lineage of shìshìlh women's involvement in hand logging in Squamish territory on the rugged northwest coast of British Columbia. It suggests that the binary concepts of masculinized “logging” and feminized “basket making” grew largely from the colonial logic of gender normativity and separate spheres of activity. Colonial perspectives expected men to participate in industry, independently or as wage laborers; and women, in home-based cottage production. From the shìshìlh point of view, however, there is no rigid conceptual distinction between the labor required for logging and that required for basket production. While men and women certainly performed different roles within the family, their spheres overlapped and were complementary.

The Right to Avoid Procreation and the Regulation of Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Rothmar Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right

This chapter discusses the right to avoid procreation and the regulation of pregnancy from a European perspective. The legal basis for a right to avoid procreation can be said to fall within the scope of several provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), an instrument that is binding for all European countries. Here, Article 12 of the ECHR gives men and women of marriageable age the right to marry and found a family in accordance with the national laws governing this right. However, Article 12 protects some elements of the right not to procreate, but for couples only. The lack of common European consensus in this area highlights how matters relating to the right to decide on the number and spacing of children touch on aspects that differ from country to country even in what could appear to be a homogenous region. In fact, the cultural, moral, and historical milieus that surround these rights differ considerably with diverse national perceptions of the role of the family, gender equality, religious and moral obligations, and so on.

Acting Between the Spheres: Charlotte Cushman as Androgyne

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-66
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Reitz Mullenix
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Audience Member ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Contemporary Theatre ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Theatrical Performances ◽  
Human Figure

On 29 December 1845, Charlotte Cushman did an extraordinary thing at the Haymarket theatre: she convincingly transformed herself into a man. Audience members who witnessed this performance were captivated by “the transmuting power” of Cushman's “genius” as she became Romeo. This production (and Cushman's Romeo in general) continues to fascinate both contemporary theatre historians and feminist scholars, who are equally impressed with Cushman's seeming ability to create an unsettling paradox. In a recent article, Anne Russell discusses the positive reception that Cushman's Romeo received and questions how the cross-dressed actress could have been so successful “in a period when dominant gender ideologies assumed clearly delineated separate spheres for men and women, when stage reviewers as a manner of routine assessed the ‘womanliness’ or ‘manliness’ of characters and performers.” As Russell explains, the nineteenth-century audience member, critic, and/or commentator read the human figure on stage as either male or female; indeed, such antithetic thinking was pervasive throughout nineteenth-century culture. Cushman was unique, however, in that she repeatedly defied such categorization, both in her theatrical performances and in her “private” life.

Gender Moderates the Association Between Exposure to Interpersonal Violence and Intermittent Explosive Disorder Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110139
Author(s):  
Lynette C. Krick ◽  
Mitchell E. Berman ◽  
Michael S. McCloskey ◽  
Emil F. Coccaro ◽  
Jennifer R. Fanning
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Affective Dysregulation ◽  
Intermittent Explosive Disorder ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Relationship

Exposure to interpersonal violence (EIV) is a prevalent risk-factor for aggressive behavior; however, it is unclear whether the effect of EIV on clinically significant aggressive behavior is similar across gender. We examined whether gender moderates the association between experiencing and witnessing interpersonal violence and the diagnosis of intermittent explosive disorder (IED). We also examined potential pathways that might differentially account for the association between EIV and IED in men and women, including emotion regulation and social information processing (SIP). Adult men and women ( N = 582), who completed a semistructured clinical interview for syndromal and personality disorders, were classified as healthy controls (HC; n = 118), psychiatric controls (PC; n = 146) or participants with an IED diagnosis ( n = 318). Participants also completed the life history of experienced aggression (LHEA) and life history of witnessed aggression (Lhwa) structured interview and self-report measures of emotion regulation and SIP. Men reported more EIV over the lifetime. In multiple logistic regression analysis, experiencing and witnessing aggression within the family and experiencing aggression outside the family were associated with lifetime IED diagnosis. We found that the relationship between EIV and IED was stronger in women than in men. Affective dysregulation mediated certain forms of EIV, and this relation was observed in both men and women. SIP biases did not mediate the relation between EIV and IED. EIV across the lifespan is a robust risk factor for recurrent, clinically significant aggressive behavior (i.e., IED). However, the relationship between EIV and IED appears to be stronger in women. Further, this relation appears partially mediated by affective dysregulation.

scholarly journals Hyperbolastic Models from a Stochastic Differential Equation Point of View

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 1835
Author(s):  
Antonio Barrera ◽  
Patricia Román-Román ◽  
Francisco Torres-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Numerical Resolution ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Common ◽  
Linear Differential ◽  
Mean Function

A joint and unified vision of stochastic diffusion models associated with the family of hyperbolastic curves is presented. The motivation behind this approach stems from the fact that all hyperbolastic curves verify a linear differential equation of the Malthusian type. By virtue of this, and by adding a multiplicative noise to said ordinary differential equation, a diffusion process may be associated with each curve whose mean function is said curve. The inference in the resulting processes is presented jointly, as well as the strategies developed to obtain the initial solutions necessary for the numerical resolution of the system of equations resulting from the application of the maximum likelihood method. The common perspective presented is especially useful for the implementation of the necessary procedures for fitting the models to real data. Some examples based on simulated data support the suitability of the development described in the present paper.

Gender Differences in Departures from a Large Firm

ILR Review ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nachum Sicherman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Large Firm ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Large Company ◽  
The Family

Previous studies have found that although women have higher initial quit rates than men, the quit rates of the two groups converge as time on the job lengthens. This study of personnel records from a large company for the years 1971–80 confirms that finding in an analysis that aggregates observations across all reasons for quits. Disaggregation of the data by reason for quitting, however, reveals marked, systematic differences between men and women. Notably, a higher proportion of women than men left their jobs for non-market-related reasons such as household duties and illness in the family; and women were much more likely than men to name higher wages, and not better opportunities, as a reason for switching jobs. Also, the effects of tenure and education on quit rates differed significantly across both gender and reasons for departure.

scholarly journals Investigating Parental Beliefs Concerning Facilitators and Barriers to the Physical Activity in Down Syndrome and Typical Development

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401668779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Alesi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

Family is a crucial factor to determine the amount, the duration, and the complexity of children’s sport activities. This study aims at comparing the beliefs concerning the involvement in sport activities among parents of children with Down syndrome (DS) and parents of typically developing children (TDC). A phenomenological theoretical framework was adopted to realize semistructured interviews with the parents. The participants were 35 parents: 19 with children and adolescents with DS and 16 with TDC. The main facilitation/barrier themes identified by the parents of children with DS were the family and the expert at Adapted Physical Activity (APA) instructors. Conversely, the parents of TDC identified social factors related to family as the only barrier. One of the issues that emerge from this study is the lack of home-based physical activity (PA) intervention programs aimed at involving families and children.

“Untold Stories of Issei Women: Collective Images and Individual Experiences in Japanese American Oral History”

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-40
Author(s):  
Ryoko Okamura
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Cultural Consensus ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
The Family ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Redress Movement ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article examines the relationship between the Japanese American redress movement and the oral interviews of two Japanese immigrant women, known as Issei women. Focusing on the shared images of Issei women in the Japanese American community and the perspectives and self-representations of the interviewees in the oral interviews, it explores how cultural consensus produced stereotypical, collective images of Issei women as submissive, persevering, and quiet persons. As the redress movement progressed in the 1960s to the 1980s, the Japanese American community conducted oral history projects to preserve memories and legacies of their wartime experiences. There are dissimilarities between the original audio recordings and the published transcripts regarding the perspectives of Issei women. This article shows how the community’s desire to preserve idealized images of Issei men and women reduced the accuracy and nuances in the women’s self-representations and the complexities of family relations. Also, contrary to the collective images, Issei women demonstrated how they were independent, assertive, and open individuals expressing their perspectives, complicated emotions, and importance in the family.

Precontact Native Copper Innovation in British Columbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-122
Author(s):  
H. Kory Cooper ◽  
Garett Hunt ◽  
Nicholas Waber ◽  
Carey Gray
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Northwest Coast ◽  
Native Copper ◽  
Behavioral Archaeology ◽  
South Central ◽  
Wide Perspective ◽  
Final Verdict ◽  
Human Burials ◽  
And Diffusion

Copper has figured prominently in discussions of social complexity among Northwest Coast Cultures. Coppers, shield-like sheets of copper variable in size, were a form of lineage wealth displayed, gifted, or ritually destroyed at potlatches; and copper artifacts have been recovered from human burials. The former use of copper is well-documented ethnographically and historically while the latter phenomenon is less well understood. This paper provides an overview of the occurrence of copper in precontact archaeological contexts in British Columbia using published and unpublished literature. Our investigation is framed within a Behavioral Archaeology approach that elicits ideas on copper innovation and all that it entailed. We find that copper is rare in precontact contexts from a province-wide perspective; there was likely more than one instance of native copper innovation; and contrary to previous suggestions, the copper-rich Dene region of south-central Alaska and southwestern Yukon cannot account for most of the precontact examples of copper use in the province. We offer some hypotheses to explain the precontact distribution of copper in BC, including both local invention and diffusion, not in an attempt to deliver the final verdict on this topic, but rather, to stimulate additional research.

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