scholarly journals Optimizing Manufacturer Profit In Downstream Retail Markets Under Conditions of Uncertainty

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-137
Author(s):  
Evan Moore ◽  
James Francisco
Keyword(s):  
Retail Market ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Sales Incentives ◽  
Profit Maximizing

This paper presents the results of three differing sales incentives,from the manufacturer, in models involving a manufacturer selling a product toCournot-type retailers competing in the retail market. We investigate the effectivenessof these incentives under two scenarios: profit maximizing retailers and retailerswith an incentive function that is a mix between sales and profits. The optimal salesincentive is discussed.

Retail markets and retail market studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-261
Author(s):  
Rena Mourouzi-Sivitanidou ◽  
Petros Sivitanides
Keyword(s):  
Retail Market ◽  
Retail Markets

Survey of the Bacterial Populations of Bologna Products1,2

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 692-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN T. FRUIN ◽  
JAMES F. FOSTER ◽  
JAMES L. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count

Bologna products most frequently are stored and consumed as refrigerated products. Thus bacteria that survive processing or those that contaminate the product subsequent to processing are not destroyed. Ten types of presliced, vacuum-packaged bologna products were purchased from a high-volume retail market and analyzed for total aerobic plate count (APC) and common foodborne pathogens. No Salmonella were isolated. Less than 1% of the 419 samples analyzed contained either Clostridium perfringens or Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 4% of the samples, but only one sample contained more than 1000/g. Just over 5% of the samples contained coliform organisms. The manufacturer appeared to play an important role in bacterial quality of the finished items. An APC < 5 × 106/g is a realistic criterion for bologna products at the time of delivery to retail markets.

scholarly journals A Journey of Growth of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) in Indian Retailing

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar ◽  
Kavita
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
International Firms ◽  
Retail Business ◽  
Concern For Others ◽  
The World

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in retail has recently generated tremendous high spirits for a few and concern for others. It is supported that it will open floodgates for foreign retailers to speculate and can modification the retail landscape forever in India. FDI in retailing is much talked concerning subject by politician, media, trade specialist and industry experts. The Indian Retail market particularly the small Kirana store is not so well known by the actual means of FDI. The views given by politicians on the topic are terribly numerous and changes from party to party and person to person that has supplementary confusion in mind of those individuals. Retailing in Indiais the pillar of economy and accounts for about 22 percent of its GDP. The Indian retail sector is estimated to be US $500 billion and one of the top five retail markets in the world. India is the fastest growing retail markets in the world with 1.2 billion people.The Retail Business in India is presently at the point of inflection. As of 2008, speedy amendments with investments of US $ 25 billion were being planned by many Indian international firms within the next 5 years. The present study intends to explore the growth trends of FDI in Indian retail sector and also determine the SWOT (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis of Indian retail Industry.Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-3, issue-2: 129-134

scholarly journals Assessing the development potential of modern retail in Vietnam

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Tuan Anh
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Retail Formats

Vietnam retail market is one among the attractive retail markets in the world. The development of retail market leads to the formation and development of modern retail formats. Currently, the modern retail formats like supermarkets, commercial centers, convenience stores are gradually replacing the traditional forms of retail stores such as markets and individual business. This study was conducted to assess the development potential of modern retail in Vietnam. The foundation of this development is the growth of the size of the domestic retail market, the increasing degree of urbanization and the rapid increase of foreign investment projects in the retail sector, thanks to Vietnam's economic progress of integration with the world economy. The study results showed that after about the first 20 years of formation and development, the modern retail formats are entering the stage with strong development potential.

Fish of choice- An analytical hierarchy process to determine fish consumption in West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
Market Choice ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The factors affecting consumers’ decision in selecting most preferredfish species for consumption in Kolkata, West Bengal was explored based on the survey of 250 households, 125 each sourcing the household fish purchase from the traditional fish markets and modern retail outlets for consumption purpose. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine the criteria that influenced choice of most desired fish. Based on the concept of pairwise comparison, the results revealed that choice of fish was influenced by price of fish (9.38 percent), fish quality (58.51 percent) and taste preference (32.12 percent) in the traditional fish market, whereas in modern retail market, choice of fish depended upon price (9.29percent), quality (61.22 percent) and taste (29.50 percent). Considering these criteria, the most desired type of fish based on price was hilsa (44.64 percent) in traditional fish market while in modern retail market, it was rohu (53.25percent). Considering the quality, most preferred fish was hilsa (45.14 and 59.55 percent) in traditional and modern retail markets respectively. Based on taste, the most preferred fish was hilsa (52.12 and 59.01 percent) in both the markets. This paper describedthechoice of preferred fish for consumption based on several identified criteria and served as a guide to both the buyers and sellers of fish and fish products to produce products of desired quality, with a good price in a hygienic condition.

Japanese modern municipal retail and wholesale markets in comparison with European markets

Urban History ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAMI HARADA
Keyword(s):  
Retail Trade ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Meiji Restoration ◽  
Cash Payment ◽  
Modern Japan ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The City ◽  
European Markets

ABSTRACTThis article seeks to assess the relevance of market ideas outside the European context. In pre-modern Japan, there was neither street market nor retail market but wholesale markets in cities. Feudal lords permitted wholesale dealers to operate in the market as long as the dealers paid either tribute such as fish or tax money to their lords. The Meiji Restoration in the late nineteenth century brought an end to the feudal system. In modern Japan, the problem of food supply in the city arose after the Japanese-Russo War. The Rice Riots broke out in 1918, and drove many cities to open their own municipal retail markets in order to supply urban dwellers with food and daily necessities. Fixed and marked price and cash payment were the operating principles of those municipal retail markets. These principles represented the characteristic features of the modern retail trade. Such municipal retail markets played an important role in the modernization of the retail trade in Japan.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impacts of Gentrified Traditional Retail Markets in Lisbon in Local Neighbourhoods

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Policy Implication ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Social Implication ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Population Quality

This article explores recent transformations in retail in Lisbon. We analyse a gentrified traditional retail market located in Campo de Ourique, Lisbon and study the relationship between this retail precinct and the surrounding commercial fabric. Through a set of enquiries on local retailers, our findings show an absence of relationship between the market and the remaining shopping district, insofar as Campo de Ourique market can be designed as a fortress. There is a social implication of this finding in the sense that the gentrification of the traditional retail market is severely detrimental to the local population quality of life. In terms of policy implication, this article demonstrates that this kind of project produces different results from some well-known retail-led urban regeneration projects and, as such, should not be used as a benchmarking for other areas.

Isolation and Identification of Enteropathogenic Campylobacter spp. from Chicken Samples in Taipei

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL YANG-CHIH SHIH
Keyword(s):  
Selective Medium ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

A total of 95 chicken samples that consisted of 34 whole chickens, 32 organs (gizzards and livers), and 29 chicken parts (drumsticks, wings, and breasts), collected from traditional retail markets (no chilling facilities) and supermarkets in Taipei, were examined for the occurrence of enteropathogenic campylobacters. Three selective media, Peterz's charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar, Campy-Cefex agar, and charcoal-based selective medium, were evaluated for their efficacy to isolate Campylobacter spp. from chicken samples. The results showed that there were no differences among the three media to isolate Campylobacter spp. from all chicken samples (P > 0.05). However, there were markedly different isolation rates of campylobacters between supermarket and retail market (P < 0.05). Enteropathogenic campylobacters (C. jejuni and C. coli) were found on 68% of whole chickens, 100% of chicken parts, and 100% of organs from retail markets. In supermarkets, the isolation rates of these campylobacters from whole chickens, chicken parts, and organs were 42%, 53%, and 60%, respectively. The low isolation rates of the two campylobacters isolated from chicken samples in supermarkets differed statistically from those obtained from traditional retail markets (P < 0.10). The API CAMPY test kit also was evaluated for the identification of Campylobacter spp. as compared with the conventional identification method. The results showed that the API CAMPY test kit (Biomerieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) could efficiently detect 87 Campylobacter spp. isolates from chicken samples examined, with 100% agreement at the genus level to 94% at the species level as compared with conventional methods.

scholarly journals Assessment of Coumarin Levels in Ground Cinnamon Available in the Czech Retail Market

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Blahová ◽  
Zdeňka Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Retail Market ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Retail Markets

The objective of this study was to determine the coumarin content of ground cinnamon purchased from retail markets in the Czech Republic. No sample was labelled with information on the botanical source, but, in some cases, the countries of origin were specified. For comparison, a single cinnamon sample imported directly from a plantation in Sri Lanka that came fromCinnamomum verumwas analyzed. Results from 60 ground cinnamon samples comprising twelve brands confirmed a high content of coumarin, with mean levels ranging from 2 650 to 7 017 mg · kg−1. The high coumarin content confirmed that these cinnamon samples obtained from cassia cinnamon were in contrast to the sample from Sri Lanka, which was coumarin-free.

Retail markets and retail market studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-261
Author(s):  
Rena Mourouzi-Sivitanidou ◽  
Petros Sivitanides
Keyword(s):  
Retail Market ◽  
Retail Markets
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