Research progress in clinical treatment of oral anticoagulants

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
Lu MENG ◽  
Congyang DING ◽  
Jing AN ◽  
Yajing LI ◽  
Ying LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Research Progress

scholarly journals Current Status and Progress of the Treatment of Limited-Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Minghui Xu ◽  
Jiaxiang Wang ◽  
Zhigang Zhou ◽  
Lu Ling ◽  
Mingyue Yang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Limited Disease

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a common pathological type of primary lung cancer originating from the bronchial mucosa or gland. SCLC is characterized by rapid growth, high degree of malignancy, and early metastasis, which poses a great threat to patients’ safety and quality of life. SCLC can be divided into two stages: localized disease and extensive disease. For limited-disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC), radiotherapy and chemotherapy are often used in clinical treatment. In recent years, there are several new advances in the clinical treatment of SCLC, including the improvement of radiotherapy and chemotherapy methods, compatibility of first-line and second-line drugs, as well as immune-targeted therapy. This article discusses the current status of clinical treatment and the research progress of LD-SCLC in the past five years.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor-Type O in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Xiangzhe Yang ◽  
Ye Qin ◽  
Xinke Xie
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Receptor Type ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Protein Tyrosine ◽  
New Type

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world with a high incidence and has become one of the most malignant cancers worldwide. Its clinical treatment mainly includes surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with poor curative effect and prognosis. In recent years, with the development of basic research, it has been revealed that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O (PTPRO) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O is a new type of protein tyrosine phosphatase, which has been proven to inhibit oncoprotein. In this paper, the potential mechanism of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor -type O in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma is discussed to provide reference for clinical treatment and drug development.

scholarly journals Clinical Research Progress on Physical Rehabilitation Therapy for Migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-216
Author(s):  
Yalun Feng ◽  
Sujuan Zhang ◽  
Yongmei Yan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Rehabilitation Therapy ◽  
Chronic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Prevention Of Recurrence

Migraine is a common and recurrent chronic disorder. Migraine is often associated with anxiety, depression and other emotional diseases. With the development of physical rehabilitation techniques, the long-term clinical efficacy of rehabilitation in the treatment of migraine and the prevention of recurrence have been widely accepted. This paper reviews the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation therapy in clinical treatment of migraine in recent years.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Osteoporosis Based on the Theory of “Homology of Liver and Kidney”

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
Sen Li ◽  
Zhenxing Qu ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Zhibin Li
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Metabolic Bone Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Osteoporosis is a systemic chronic metabolic bone disease, mainly in the elderly and postmenopausal women. At present, most of the clinical treatment is western medicine, but the curative effect is not very significant. In the treatment of osteoporosis, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is mainly based on the overall concept of TCM. This article briefly analyzes osteoporosis from the theory of “liver and kidney homology,” discusses the research on osteoporosis in TCM, and hopes to provide reference for the clinical treatment and research of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Dihydroartemisinin: A Potential Drug for the Treatment of Malignancies and Inflammatory Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Yu ◽  
Guihua Jin ◽  
Manabu Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been globally recognized for its efficacy and safety in the clinical treatment of malaria for decades. Recently, it has been found that DHA inhibits malignant tumor growth and regulates immune system function in addition to anti-malaria. In parasites and tumors, DHA causes severe oxidative stress by inducing excessive reactive oxygen species production. DHA also kills tumor cells by inducing programmed cell death, blocking cell cycle and enhancing anti-tumor immunity. In addition, DHA inhibits inflammation by reducing the inflammatory cells infiltration and suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and network pharmacology of DHA therapy provide the basis for elucidating the pharmacological effects of DHA. This review provides a summary of the recent research progress of DHA in anti-tumor, inhibition of inflammatory diseases and the relevant pharmacological mechanisms. With further research of DHA, it is likely that DHA will become an alternative therapy in the clinical treatment of malignant tumors and inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Augmented Renal Clearance: What Have We Known and What Will We Do?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Luo ◽  
Yidan Wang ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Puxiu Wang ◽  
Jian Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Augmented Renal Clearance ◽  
Drug Concentrations

Augmented renal clearance (ARC) is a phenomenon of increased renal function in patients with risk factors. Sub-therapeutic drug concentrations and antibacterial exposure in ARC patients are the main reasons for clinical treatment failure. Decades of increased research have focused on these phenomena, but there are still some existing disputes and unresolved issues. This article reviews information on some important aspects of what we have known and provides suggestion on what we will do regarding ARC. In this article, we review the current research progress and its limitations, including clinical identification, special patients, risk factors, metabolism, animal models and clinical treatments, and provide some promising directions for further research in this area.

Safety and efficacy of direct acting oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation – a network meta-analysis of real-world data

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Hirschl ◽  
Michael Kundi
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Event Rates

Abstract. Background: In randomized controlled trials (RCTs) direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) showed a superior risk-benefit profile in comparison to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Patients enrolled in such studies do not necessarily reflect the whole target population treated in real-world practice. Materials and methods: By a systematic literature search, 88 studies including 3,351,628 patients providing over 2.9 million patient-years of follow-up were identified. Hazard ratios and event-rates for the main efficacy and safety outcomes were extracted and the results for DOACs and VKAs combined by network meta-analysis. In addition, meta-regression was performed to identify factors responsible for heterogeneity across studies. Results: For stroke and systemic embolism as well as for major bleeding and intracranial bleeding real-world studies gave virtually the same result as RCTs with higher efficacy and lower major bleeding risk (for dabigatran and apixaban) and lower risk of intracranial bleeding (all DOACs) compared to VKAs. Results for gastrointestinal bleeding were consistently better for DOACs and hazard ratios of myocardial infarction were significantly lower in real-world for dabigatran and apixaban compared to RCTs. By a ranking analysis we found that apixaban is the safest anticoagulant drug, while rivaroxaban closely followed by dabigatran are the most efficacious. Risk of bias and heterogeneity was assessed and had little impact on the overall results. Analysis of effect modification could guide the clinical decision as no single DOAC was superior/inferior to the others under all conditions. Conclusions: DOACs were at least as efficacious as VKAs. In terms of safety endpoints, DOACs performed better under real-world conditions than in RCTs. The current real-world data showed that differences in efficacy and safety, despite generally low event rates, exist between DOACs. Knowledge about these differences in performance can contribute to a more personalized medicine.

Secondary medical prevention in patients with peripheral arterial disease - Prescriptions of vascular surgeons and medical doctors (angiologists) in a multidisciplinary vascular centre

VASA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klein-Weigel ◽  
Gutsche-Petrak ◽  
Wolbergs ◽  
Köning ◽  
Flessenkamper
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Vascular Surgeon ◽  
Medical Prevention ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: We compared medical secondary prevention in patients with peripheral arterial disease stage II (Fontaine) located in the femoro-popliteal artery managed by vascular surgeons and medical doctors / angiologists in our multidisciplinary vascular center. Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed demission protocols of in-hospital treatments between 01.01.2007 and 20.06.2008. Results: We surveyed 264 patients (54.2 % women; mean age 67.52 ± 8.98 yrs), 179 (67.8 %) primarily treated by medical doctors / angiologists and 85 (32.2 %) primarily managed by vascular surgeons. Medical doctors / angiologists treated more women (n = 109) than men (n = 34), (p = 0.002) and documented smoking and diabetes mellitus more often (p < 0.001) than vascular surgeons. Besides, patients had similar cardiovascular risk profiles and concomitant diseases, vascular surgeons prescribed 5.47 ± 2.26 drugs, medical doctors / angiologists 6.37 ± 2.67 (p = 0.005). Overall, 239 (90.5 %) patients were on aspirin, 180 (68.2 %) on clopidogrel, and 18 (6.9 %) on oral anticoagulants. Significantly more patients treated by medical doctors / angiologists received clopidogrel (169 versus 11; p < 0.001), significantly more surgical patients received oral anticoagulants (11 versus 7; p = 0.016). The number of patients without prescriptions for any antithrombotic therapy was 6 (6.9 %) in patients treated by vascular surgeons and 0 (0 %) in patients managed by medical doctors / angiologists (p = 0.001). Prescription-rates of β-blockers, ACE-inhibitors, Angiotensin II-antangonists, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics were statistically not different between the two disciplines, but statins were prescribed significantly more often by medical doctors / angiologists (139 versus 49; p < 0001). With the exceptions of Clopidogrel (women > men) and diuretics (men > women) we observed no gender-specific prescriptions. Conclusions: We observed high prescriptions rates of secondary medical prevention in patients primarily treated by medical doctors / angiologists and vascular surgeons. We believe that this result is highly influenced by our multidisciplinary approach. Nevertheless, efforts have to be made to raise vascular surgeon’s awareness of statin use and complete prescription of antithrombotic and antiplatelet drugs.

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