PEEK as a Potential Material for Dental Implants and its Biomechanical Properties and Osteoblast Cell Response

Proper osseointegration is crucial for the success of dental and orthopedic implants. Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium (TAV) is one of the most popular implant materials; however, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has gained the interest of implant researchers and manufacturers over the past several years due to its lower modulus of elasticity compared to metallic implant materials. Porosity and patterned surface morphologies are thought to improve mechanical interlocking and play an important role in the differentiation of pre-osteoblasts into mature osteoblasts. This study aimed to determine the effects a macro patterned PEEK surface has on the material’s mechanical properties and the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of pre-osteoblasts. Mechanical testing data indicated that the macro patterning improved the mechanical interlocking and has no detrimental effect on compression strength. DNA data and live/dead imaging showed that pre-osteoblasts on solid PEEK specimens did not readily differentiate but instead encouraged proliferation only. However, ALP data in comparison to the DNA data showed that cells on patterned PEEK specimens more readily entered the differentiation pathway to mineralization. This is further confirmed by the patterned PEEK specimens showing an overall higher amount of cell mineralization. Clinical significance: This study concludes that surface macro patterning of PEEK material increases the mechanical interlocking and enhances the osseointegration capability without diminishing mechanical properties.

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Bio-Fabrication of Nacre on Conventional Implant Materials

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.529-530.255 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 529-530 ◽

pp. 255-260

Author(s):

Millie Kwan ◽

Ri Zhi Wang

Keyword(s):

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Orthopedic Implants ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Orthopedic Implant ◽

Entire Surface ◽

Implant Materials ◽

Growing Period ◽

Biomineralization Process ◽

Surface Morphologies

Nacreous coatings on orthopedic implants can be advantageous because of its robust mechanical properties, high biocompatibility, and ability to promote bone growth. The biofabrication of nacreous coatings on conventional orthopedic implant materials via biomineralization process from abalone shells was examined. The objective was to investigate the effect of different materials on nacreous coating growth. The coatings were characterized by SEM/EDS and XRD. It was found that different materials resulted in different surface morphologies and coating thicknesses, although the main mineral formed was aragonite. Calcium carbonate coating was formed on the entire surface of the poly (methyl methacrylate) and high density polyethylene implants and resulted in a thick coating, while the titanium implants showed thinner coating at the same growing period.

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Biomechanical Properties of the Stifle Joint Lateral Collateral Ligament in Dogs

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1633103 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

pp. 158-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Blackketter ◽

J Harari ◽

J. Dupuis

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Fibular Head ◽

Joint Stability ◽

Collateral Ligament ◽

Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽

Stifle Joint

Bone/lateral collateral ligament/bone preparations were tested and structural mechanical properties compared to properties of cranial cruciate ligament in 15 dogs. The lateral collateral ligament has sufficient stiffness to provide stifle joint stability and strength to resist acute overload following fibular head transposition.

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Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Lifelong Learning ◽

10.11118/lifele201707027 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 7-25

Author(s):

Karolina Diallo

Keyword(s):

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

School Performance ◽

School Environment ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

The Past ◽

And Performance ◽

The Impact

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Over the past twenty years childhood OCD has received more attention than any other anxiety disorder that occurs in the childhood. The increasing interest and research in this area have led to increasing number of diagnoses of OCD in children and adolescents, which affects both specialists and teachers. Depending on the severity of symptoms OCD has a detrimental effect upon child's school performance, which can lead almost to the impossibility to concentrate on school and associated duties. This article is devoted to the obsessive-compulsive disorder and its specifics in children, focusing on the impact of this disorder on behaviour, experience and performance of the child in the school environment. It mentions how important is the role of the teacher in whose class the pupil with this diagnosis is and it points out that it is necessary to increase teachers' competence to identify children with OCD symptoms, to take the disease into the account, to adapt the course of teaching and to introduce such measures that could help children reduce the anxiety and maintain (or increase) the school performance within and in accordance with the school regulations and curriculum.

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Homogenized Macroscale Model and Morphological Microscale Model to Understand the Varying Mechanical Properties of Scar Tissue of Hip Capsule Ligaments Grown Around Different Implant Materials

JOM ◽

10.1007/s11837-021-04737-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Angelina Avgeri ◽

Samantha Sanders ◽

Bertrand Cinquin ◽

Laurent Sedel ◽

Pascal Bizot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Scar Tissue ◽

Implant Materials ◽

Microscale Model ◽

Hip Capsule

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Understanding ion-induced assembly of cellulose nanofibrilllar gels through shear-free mixing and in situ scanning-SAXS

Nanoscale Advances ◽

10.1039/d1na00236h ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tomas Rosén ◽

Ruifu Wang ◽

HongRui He ◽

Chengbo Zhan ◽

Shirish Chodankar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Building Block ◽

Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽

Advanced Materials ◽

The Past

During the past decade, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have shown tremendous potential as a building block to fabricate new advanced materials that are both biocompatible and biodegradable. The excellent mechanical properties...

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Tailoring a Low Young Modulus for a Beta Titanium Alloy by Combining Severe Plastic Deformation with Solution Treatment

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14133467 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

pp. 3467

Author(s):

Anna Nocivin ◽

Doina Raducanu ◽

Bogdan Vasile ◽

Corneliu Trisca-Rusu ◽

Elisabeta Mirela Cojocaru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Plastic Deformation ◽

Severe Plastic Deformation ◽

Young’S Modulus ◽

Young's Modulus ◽

Solution Treatment ◽

Young Modulus ◽

Orthopedic Implants ◽

Beta Titanium Alloy

The present paper analyzed the microstructural characteristics and the mechanical properties of a Ti–Nb–Zr–Fe–O alloy of β-Ti type obtained by combining severe plastic deformation (SPD), for which the total reduction was of etot = 90%, with two variants of super-transus solution treatment (ST). The objective was to obtain a low Young’s modulus with sufficient high strength in purpose to use the alloy as a biomaterial for orthopedic implants. The microstructure analysis was conducted through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations. The analyzed mechanical properties reveal promising values for yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of about 770 and 1100 MPa, respectively, with a low value of Young’s modulus of about 48–49 GPa. The conclusion is that satisfactory mechanical properties for this type of alloy can be obtained if considering a proper combination of SPD + ST parameters and a suitable content of β-stabilizing alloying elements, especially the Zr/Nb ratio.

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The Structure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Cellular Metal With Periodic Cubic Cells

Volume 9: Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Fluids; NDE, Diagnosis, and Prognosis ◽

10.1115/imece2016-65362 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaobing Dang ◽

Ruxu Du ◽

Kai He ◽

Qiyang Zuo

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Relative Density ◽

Sheet Metal ◽

Light Weight ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Sheet Metal Stamping ◽

High Stiffness ◽

The Past ◽

Cellular Metal ◽

Metal Stamping

As a light-weight material with high stiffness and strength, cellular metal has attracted a lot of attentions in the past two decades. In this paper, the structure and mechanical properties of aluminum cellular metal with periodic cubic cells are studied. The aluminum cellular metal is fabricated by sheet metal stamping and simple adhesion. Two sizes of specimens with cell sizes of 3mm and 5mm are fabricated. Their relative density and mechanical properties are tested by means of experiments. The results show that the cubic-cell cellular metal has high and predictable strength and hence, can be used for many practical applications.

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Mechanical Interlocking on Leadframe Surface for Bondability of Au Wedge Bond

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.857.79 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 857 ◽

pp. 79-82

Author(s):

Roslina Ismail ◽

Fuaida Harun ◽

Azman Jalar ◽

Shahrum Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Optical Microscope ◽

Bonding Process ◽

Mechanical Interlocking ◽

Average Roughness ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Surface Morphologies ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Effect Of Surface

This work is a contribution towards the understanding of wire bond integrity and reliability in relation to their microstructural and mechanical properties in semiconductor packaging.The effect of surface roughness and hardness of leadframe on the bondability of Au wedge bond still requires detail analysis. Two type of leadframes namely leadframe A and leadframe B were chosen and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope were used to inspect the surface morphology of leadframes and the quality of created Au wedge bond after wire bonding process. It was found that there were significant differences in the surface morphologies between these two leadframes. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) which was utilized to measure the average roughness, Ra of lead finger confirms that leadframe A has the highest Ra with value of 166.46 nm compared to that of leadframe B with value of 85.89 nm. While hardness value of different lead finger from the selected leadframe A and B obtained using Vicker microhardness tester are 180.9 VH and 154.2VH respectively.

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Roles of Lanthanum and Cerium in Grain Refinement of Steels during Solidification

Metals ◽

10.3390/met8110884 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 884 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yunping Ji ◽

Ming-Xing Zhang ◽

Huiping Ren

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Grain Refinement ◽

Rare Earths ◽

Heterogeneous Nucleation ◽

The Past ◽

Cast Steels ◽

Steel Castings ◽

Similarity And Difference

Refinement of as-cast structures is one of the most effective approaches to improve mechanical properties, formability, and surface quality of steel castings and ingots. In the past few decades, addition of rare earths (REs), lanthanum and cerium in particular, has been considered as a practical and effective method to refine the as-cast steels. However, previous reports contained inconsistent, sometime even contradictory, results. This review summaries the major published results on investigation of the roles of lanthanum or/and cerium in various steels, provides reviews on the similarity and difference of previous studies, and clarifies the inconsistent results. The proposed mechanisms of grain refinement by the addition of lanthanum or/and cerium are also reviewed. It is concluded that the grain refinement of steels by RE additions is attributed to either heterogeneous nucleation on the in-situ formed RE inclusions, a solute effect, or the combined effect of both. The models/theories for evaluation of heterogeneous nucleation potency and for solute effect on grain refinement of cast metals are also briefly summarized.

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