scholarly journals A study of school bag weight and back pain among intermediate female students in Dammam City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Saleem Alghamdi ◽  
Hoda Mohamed Nafee ◽  
Awatef El-Sayed ◽  
Saad Mohamed Alsaadi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Sprain And Strain ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The most common cause of low back pain in children is muscle sprain and strain which can occur from carrying a heavy backpack or from activities. This study aimed to assess the relationship between school bag weight and back pain among female students in Dammam city.Methods: A total of 300 female students were included in this study both from east and west sectors of Dammam city, Saudi Arabia. Tools: Data were collected using (1) A structured questionnaire sheet including, socio-demographic data of the students, and close-ended questions about the school-bags as methods of carrying, (2) A weight scale that measured student’s body weight and weight of the school bags, (3) A self-report (Numeric pain rating scale) that assessed pain intensity. Univariate and Multivariate Statistical analysis was performed to test the relationship between the study variables.Results: A total of 288 school children (96.2% out of 300) were carrying bags of weight more than 15% of their body weight. Shoulder and neck pain were reported by 40% of the female students. Statistically there is a significant relationship was found between school bags weight and severity of shoulder pain (p = .042).Conclusion and recommendation: The weights of schoolbags of Dammam city intermediate female students were higher than the internationally acceptable standards. Ministry of Education should set standards to prevent and mange problems of carrying heavy school bags in the intermediate school.

scholarly journals Brain-behaviour modes of covariation in healthy and clinically depressed young people

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agoston Mihalik ◽  
Fabio S. Ferreira ◽  
Maria J. Rosa ◽  
Michael Moutoussis ◽  
Gabriel Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Clinically Depressed ◽  
Critical Developmental Period

AbstractUnderstanding how variations in dimensions of psychometrics, IQ and demographics relate to changes in brain connectivity during the critical developmental period of adolescence and early adulthood is a major challenge. This has particular relevance for mental health disorders where a failure to understand these links might hinder the development of better diagnostic approaches and therapeutics. Here, we investigated this question in 306 adolescents and young adults (14-24y, 25 clinically depressed) using a multivariate statistical framework, based on canonical correlation analysis (CCA). By linking individual functional brain connectivity profiles to self-report questionnaires, IQ and demographic data we identified two distinct modes of covariation. The first mode mapped onto an externalization/internalization axis and showed a strong association with sex. The second mode mapped onto a well-being/distress axis independent of sex. Interestingly, both modes showed an association with age. Crucially, the changes in functional brain connectivity associated with changes in these phenotypes showed marked developmental effects. The findings point to a role for the default mode, frontoparietal and limbic networks in psychopathology and depression.

Cultural Competency Among Pediatric Registered Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Design

2020 ◽  
pp. 104365962096078
Author(s):  
Manal F. Alharbi ◽  
Manal H. Alhamlan ◽  
Ahmad E. Aboshaiqah
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Competency ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
High Level

Introduction Saudi Arabia’s culturally diverse population is growing rapidly. The need for cultural competence is greatest in pediatric units where nurses provide care to children in collaboration with their parents. Method Nonprobability sampling of 394 nurses and cross-sectional descriptive design was used to investigate nurses’ cultural competence, and to examine the relationships between the variables and participants’ demographic data in pediatric units across five hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, by asking nurses to complete a self-report questionnaire. Results The results suggest a high degree of cultural competency. Participants’ scores indicated high levels of perceived cultural awareness, sensitivity, and cultural competence behavior for performance. Discussion This study supports the 3-D Puzzle Model of culturally congruent care for cultural competence, which assumes that cultural competence is deeply influenced by one’s experiences. The findings revealed a high level of cultural competence despite a lack of information with respect to patient views.

scholarly journals Back Pain and Schoolbags among Adolescents in Abha City, Southwestern Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Assiri ◽  
Ahmed A. Mahfouz ◽  
Nabil J. Awadalla ◽  
Ahmed Y. Abolyazid ◽  
Medhat Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Factors

The incorrect carriage of schoolbags and heavy bags may result in back pain (BP) in adolescents. Our objective was to assess the problem of BP and associated factors among adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study targeting intermediate and secondary school adolescents in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. An anonymous questionnaire for BP was used. Student body weight and the weight of their full schoolbag were measured. The study included 876 adolescents. An overall prevalence of BP of 39.4% (95% CI: 35.3–43.7) was found. Upper BP (UBP), middle BP (MBP), and lower BP (LBP) amounted to 14.5%, 13.4%, and 11.5%, respectively. Associated significant factors with MBP were carrying the bag on one side compared to on the back (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.20–3.73) and being at intermediate level compared to secondary (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.04–2.40). On the other hand, gender and schoolbag weight/body weight percent were not found to be significantly associated with MBP. None of the studied factors were significantly associated with overall BP, UBP, or LBP. BP is a prevalent among adolescents in southwest Saudi Arabia. One-sided schoolbag carriage is a significant associated factor for middle back pain. Parents and teachers should encourage students to consider the correct way to carry schoolbag.

scholarly journals Relationship between parenting styles and depression in adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Sanchary Prativa ◽  
Farah Deeba
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
The Family ◽  
Authoritative Parenting Style ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed at examining the relationship between parenting styles and depression in adolescents. Convenient sampling was used to collect 100 adolescents (Mean age = 15.25 years, Sd = 0.90) from two colleges of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Parental Attitude Questionnaire (PAQ) was used to measure parenting styles and two other self-report measures, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) were used to assess depression in adolescents. From multiple regression analysis significant relationship was found between parenting style and adolescents’ depression measured by one self-rating scale. The overall regression model for investigating the relationship between parenting style and depression in adolescent was significant with HADS, (F = 3.77, p = 0.007) but not significant with SMFQ scores (F = 0.880, p = 0.454). For the dependent variable of depression measured by HADS, the strongest predictors were authoritative parenting style (β = –0.28, p = 0.03) and monthly income of the family which is also significant (β = 0.25, p = 0.01). Implications of the findings for child rearing and research are discussed. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(1): 49-59, 2019 (January)

Executive Functioning Outcomes Over 6 Months of Atomoxetine for Adults With ADHD: Relationship to Maintenance of Response and Relapse Over the Subsequent 6 Months After Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenard A. Adler ◽  
Mary Solanto ◽  
Rodrigo Escobar ◽  
Sarah Lipsius ◽  
Himanshu Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Controlled Clinical Study

Objective: This study examines the relationship between maintenance of improved executive functioning (EF) in adults with ADHD with long-term symptom improvement with atomoxetine. Method: Data were collected from a yearlong, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study on adult patients with ADHD receiving atomoxetine (80-100 mg/day) for 24 weeks. Patients were then randomized to continue atomoxetine or placebo for 6 months. Executive functioning was rated with Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Adult Version: Self-Report™ (BRIEF-A: Self-Report™), and the T-scores were determined. Results: Postrandomization T-scores for atomoxetine patients were significantly better than those of placebo patients (3 and 6 months postrandomization). Patients with greater improvements in EF were more likely to show worsening of EF and to relapse after atomoxetine discontinuation. The maintenance of improved EF was significantly associated with improved ADHD symptoms (Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale–Investigator Rated: Screening Version [CAARS-Inv:SV] with adult prompts). Conclusion: Treatment with atomoxetine improved EF during the treatment phases. Improved EF was maintained up to 6 months after discontinuation of atomoxetine.

scholarly journals Physical activity level and musculoskeletal pain in physician mothers after childbirth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Demir Benli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Musculoskeletal pain is a common health problem in women, especially during pregnancy and the postpartum period, a possible reason for which is the lack of adequate physical activity. Nonetheless, very few studies have determined the relationship between physical activity level and musculoskeletal pain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between physical activity level and musculoskeletal pain in physician mothers within two years after childbirth. Material and Methods: This study was an online cross-sectional self-report survey. An online questionnaire was administered to physician mothers via the online "Physician Mothers" social group in Facebook, with 3,787 members. A total of 127 participants responded to the questionnaire, which consisted of three parts, namely, sociodemographic information, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. Results: The average age of the participants was 32.5±3.5 years. The physical activity level turned out to be inactive in 91 participants (71%), moderate in 30 (24%), and vigorous in six (5%). The most frequent musculoskeletal complaint after childbirth was back pain (n=112, 88.2%), followed by lower back pain (n=109, 85.8%), neck pain (n=70, 55.1%), and hip pain (n=52, 40.9%). There was no significant relationship between physical activity level and musculoskeletal pain in physician mothers (p=0.441). Conclusion: In this study, physician mothers were found to be mostly physically inactive, and their activity level was not observed to be related to their musculoskeletal pain.

scholarly journals Current and Retrospective Childhood Ratings of Emotional Fluctuations in Adults With ADHD

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astri J. Lundervold ◽  
Anne Halmøy ◽  
Emilie S. Nordby ◽  
Jan Haavik ◽  
Jocelyn I. Meza
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Accuracy Score ◽  
Childhood Behavior

Introduction: Emotional fluctuations and mood swings are common among adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Here we investigated if these problems could be retrospectively traced back to childhood behavior.Methods: Adults with an ADHD diagnosis (n = 502, 48% female) and a population-based control sample (n = 818, 59% female) completed the Adult ADHD Self-report Scale (ASRS), the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). All participants also provided self-reported information about co-existent psychiatric and somatic diseases, and demographic data. Reports on the MDQ were used to define subgroups with [MDQ(+)] and without [MDQ(–)] life-time periods of emotional fluctuations and the WURS scale was used to retrospectively assess childhood ADHD related behaviors and symptoms.Results: 50.2% of the ADHD group and 5% of the controls were defined with emotional fluctuations [MDQ(+)]. Childhood behavior ratings of “impulsivity,” “loosing of control,” and “trouble with authorities” independently predicted emotional fluctuations reported in adulthood via logistic regression analyses. Inclusion of these three items in a classification analysis gave an accuracy score around 70% in identifying each of the two MDQ categories in the ADHD group.Discussion: The strong association between self-reported features of emotional problems in childhood and in adulthood suggests a trajectory that should be detected and remediated at an early age. Future longitudinal studies should prioritize the examination of developmental mechanisms explaining the persistence of emotional problems from childhood into adulthood.

Factors Influencing the Relationship between Coffee, Tea Consumption and Dental Caries in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (08) ◽  
pp. 474-477
Author(s):  
Hawraa Alsunni ◽  
Rabab AlJumian ◽  
Sarah AlSalman ◽  
Reham AlFaraj ◽  
Fatimah AlMatrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between coffee and tea consumption and dental caries in Saudi Arabia has not been covered adequately. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the association between the frequency and quantity of coffee and tea consumption and dental caries severity among adolescents (middle and high schools) in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional observational survey study that was carried out in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Validated interview-based questionnaires were used to ask about the background information and the frequency and quantity of coffee and tea consumption with two sections of the survey: the first section was about the demographic data and the second section assessed the frequency and quantity of coffee and tea consumption and examination was done during daylight using disposable dental mirror and blunt probe. Result: A total of 2265 middle school children with a response rate of 77.8%. Out of them, Females accounted for 1288 (56%) and the mean age (±SD) was 14 (±1.322). Regarding parents’ education, 1916 (84.6%) of participants’ fathers and 1836 (81.1%) of their mothers had a high school certificate or higher. There was a significant association between the frequency of coffee and tea consumption and caries (p=0.013). Conclusion: There was a significant association between the frequency of coffee and tea consumption and caries (p=0.013). The frequency of coffee and tea consumption, the higher the caries. However, there was no association between the quantity of coffee and tea consumption and D nor with the overall DMF score.

scholarly journals Changes in Muscular Activity while Imagining Weight Lifting Using Stimulus or Response Propositions

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank C. Bakker ◽  
Marc S.J. Boschker ◽  
Tjuling Chung
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emotional Imagery

Investigating emotional imagery, Lang (1977, 1979) proposed a dichotomy between stimulus and response propositions. In this study, Lang’s model is applied to movement images of lifting of 4.5 and 9 kg weights. Twenty-two male and 17 female students participated in the study. During the imaginary lifting of the weights, the electromyographical activity (EMG) of both biceps brachii muscles were assessed. Imagery ability was measured with the Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ) and another self-report rating scale. When response propositions were emphasized in the script, imaginary weight lifting resulted in greater muscle activity than when stimulus propositions were emphasized. During imagined lifting, EMG activity of the active arm was greater than that of the passive arm. In addition, in the active arm, a significant difference in EMG activity was found between 9 kg and 4.5 kg. It was concluded that Lang’s model is also applicable to emotionally neutral movement imagery.

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