scholarly journals Effect of temperature and sunshine on the productivity of rice crop

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
A. S. R. A. S. SASTRI ◽  
S. K. RAI ◽  
A. K. SRIVASTAVA ◽  
J. L. CHAUDHARY
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Sunshine Hours

Based on the experimental work with 8 different thermal and light environments, the effect of temperature and sunshine on rice crop (var : IR-36) was studied. It was found that the rice crop grown during winter/summer season experience, extremes of minimum temperature at seedling and vegetative stages and extemes of maximum temperature at reproductive and maturity stages.  Correlation coeffcients between the grain yield and maximum and minimum temperature growing degree days and total number of sunshine hours at each of the growth stages.viz:. seedling.  vegetative. reproductive and maturity stages were worked out.                             Multiple regression equation was worked out with 5 parameters upto vegetative stage to  predict the  grain yield of rice

scholarly journals MODELING THE OCCURRENCE OF THE FLOWERING PEAK OF MACADAMIA NUT (MACADAMIA INTEGRIFOLIA)

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1262b-1262
Author(s):  
Sam-Gwang Hwang ◽  
Kent D. Kobayashi ◽  
Mike A. Nagao
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Total Solar Radiation ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Macadamia Integrifolia ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Macadamia Nut ◽  
Starting Date

The objective of this study was to develop models to predict the occurrence of the flowering peak of macadamia nut (Macadamia integrifolia). At Hilo and Kona, weather and `Ikaika' flowering data were collected. The best model that described the time from the starting date of the flowering season to the highest flowering peak was days = 249.15 + 0.12 (total growing degree days) - 5.81 (maximum temperature) - 6.26 (minimum temperature). The model predicted the highest peak 4 days before it occurred at Hilo and 4 days after it occurred at Kona. Two statistical models, one for each location, were developed to predict the time from the starting date of the flowering season to the first peak. At Hilo, the best model was days = 118.61 - 0.11 (total growing degree days) + 0.000168 (total solar radiation). The model predicted the first peak 1 day before it occurred in the field. The best model at Kona was days = (-156.34) + 12.67 (minimum temperature) + 0.01 (total growing degree days). The model predicted the first peak on the day it occurred in the field. These models may aid growers in predicting the flowering peak so that bees can be brought into orchards at the proper time to increase cross-pollination.

scholarly journals Influence of actual evapotranspiration, growing degree days and bright sunshine hours on yield of finger millet

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
C. S. PATIL ◽  
B. PUTTANNA
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

Based on the result of an experiment conducted for three years from 1997-1999 during Kharif, under rainfed conditions, a model has been generated for relating crop coefficient of ragi  with time at Bangalore. The peak value of crop coefficient was found to be 1.02 on 66th day after sowing. The multiple regression equation was also generated based on the accumulated values of actual evapotranspiration (AET), growing degree days (GDD) and bright hours of Sunshine (BHS) from sowing to physiological maturity, using the field experimental data for the period 1998-2005. This multiple regression equation can be applied to forecast the yield of finger millet under rainfed conditions. This model was validated for the crop grown during Kharif 2005.

scholarly journals Phenology and degree days of rice cultivars under organic culture

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
S Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Organic Culture ◽  
Plot Design

Variations in the phenology and degree days of five fine rice cultivars viz., Rajshahi swarna, Silkumul, Kataribhog, Lal pajam and Sanla under organic and inorganic cultural conditions were studied following a split plot design. The requirement of days to attain various phenological stages was highest in Rajshahi swarna, medium in Silkumul, Kataribhog and Lal pajam and the lowest in Sanla for both the cultural conditions. The growing degree days (GDD) and heat use efficiency (HUE) were slightly higher under inorganic than organic culture because of higher life span of rice cultivars in inorganic culture. The highest GDD and HUE were found in Rajshahi swarna, whereas the lowest in Sanla. Results also showed that the requirement of days and GDD were initially higher up to maximum tillering stage under organic culture but thereafter these requirements were greater under inorganic culture for all the cultivars. The grain yield was somewhat lower in organic compared to inorganic culture. In Rajshahi highest grain yield of swarna was 2.90 and 2.74 t/ha under inorganic and organic culture, respectively. Key words: Phenology; Growing degree days; Heat use efficiency; Fine rice DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i2.9770   Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(2): 149-153, 2011 (December)  

scholarly journals Long term monthly and inter-seasonal weather variability analysis for the lower Shivalik foothills of Punjab

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
NAVNEET KAUR ◽  
M.J. SINGH ◽  
SUKHJEET KAUR
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Annual Minimum Temperature ◽  
Weather Parameters

This paper aims to study the long-term trends in different weather parameters, i.e., temperature, rainfall, rainy days, sunshine hours, evaporation, relative humidity and temperature over Lower Shivalik foothills of Punjab. The daily weather data of about 35 years from agrometeorological observatory of Regional Research Station Ballowal Saunkhri representing Lower Shivalik foothills had been used for trend analysis for kharif (May - October), rabi (November - April), winter (January - February), pre-monsoon (March - May), monsoon (June - September) and post monsoon (October - December) season. The linear regression method has been used to estimate the magnitude of change per year and its coefficient of determination, whose statistical significance was checked by the F test. The annual maximum temperature, morning and evening relative humidity has increased whereas rainfall, evaporation sunshine hours and wind speed has decreased significantly at this region. No significant change in annual minimum temperature and diurnal range has been observed. Monthly maximum temperature revealed significant increase except January, June and December, whereas, monthly minimum temperature increased significantly for February, March and October and decreased for June. Among different seasons, maximum temperature increased significantly for all seasons except winter season, whereas, minimum temperature increased significantly for kharif and post monsoon season only. The evaporation, sunshine hours and wind speed have also decreased and relative humidity decreased significantly at this region. Significant reduction in kharif, monsoon and post monsoon rainfall has been observed at Lower Shivalik foothills. As the region lacks assured irrigation facilities so decreasing rainfall and change in the other weather parameters will have profound effects on the agriculture in this region so there is need to develop climate resilient agricultural technologies.

scholarly journals Effect of weather on growth and yield of cotton grown in the dry farming tract of peninsular India

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
N. CHATTOPADHYAY ◽  
R. P. SAMUI ◽  
S. K. BANERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Dry Farming

In the present study the effect of meteorological parameters on cotton growth at three different stations in the dry farming tract of peninsular India were studied critically. Increase in minimum temperature                (above normal) particularly at vegetative and flowering stages favoured the yield of three varieties of cotton (AHH - 468, MCU - 9 and MCU - 10) under study.  Decrease in maximum temperature at flowering and boll development stages was found to be conducive for the higher yield of AHH – 468 variety of cotton at Akola.  In general, relative humidity was positively correlated with the yield of AHH – 468 varieties at Akola and MCU – 10 varieties at Kovilpatti. Lower values of bright sunshine hours (<5 hours) during vegetative and flowering were found to be helpful for increased yield of cotton at Akola. Rainfall at the beginning of the season favoured the yield of the crop. 

Longspine Sandbur (Cenchrus longispinus) Ecology and Interference in Irrigated Corn (Zea mays)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Plant Seedlings ◽  
Corn Grain

Longspine sandbur is a troublesome weed infesting corn in the Great Plains. However, herbicides are now available to control this species. This study characterized longspine sandbur ecology in irrigated corn to aid producers in integrating herbicides into their production systems. Longspine sandbur began emerging May 25, and by June 15, 84% of the seasonal emergence had occurred. Plant development was related to cumulative growing degree days. Seeds were viable early in longspine sandbur's development, with 20% of seeds viable by heading. Producers can minimize seed production of longspine sandbur in field borders by mowing plants at the boot stage. Bur production per plant was related to time of emergence, with seedlings emerging in late May producing 1,120 burs per plant. Seedlings emerging 4 wk later produced 84% fewer burs. Controlling longspine sandbur before 4 wk of interference prevented loss of corn grain yield.

Patterns of water stress and temperature for Australian chickpea production

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachlan Lake ◽  
Karine Chenu ◽  
Victor O. Sadras
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Significant Spatial Variation ◽  
Quantitative Characterisation ◽  
Actual Yield

The environment is the largest component of the phenotypic variance of crop yield, hence the importance of its quantitative characterisation. Many studies focussed on the patterns of water deficit for specific crops and regions, but concurrent water and thermal characterisations have not been reported. To quantify the types, spatial patterns, frequency and distribution of both water stress and thermal regimes for chickpea in Australia, we combined trial and modelled data. Data from National Variety Trials including sowing time, yield and weather from 295 production environments were entered into simulations. Associations between actual yield, in a range from 0.2 to 5.2 t/ha, actual temperature and modelled crop water stress were explored. Yield correlated positively with minimum temperature in the 800 degree-days window bracketing flowering and the correlation shifted to negative after flowering. A negative correlation between maximum temperature over 30°C and yield was found from flowering through to 1000 degree-days after flowering. Yield was negatively correlated with simulated water stress from flowering until 800 degree-days after flowering. Cluster analysis from 3905 environments (71 locations × 55 years between 1958 and 2013) identified three dominant patterns for both maximum and minimum temperature accounting for 77% and 61% of the overall variation, and four dominant patterns for water stress accounting for 87% of total variation. The most frequent environments for minimum and maximum temperature were associated with low actual yield (1.5–1.8 t/ha) whereas the most frequent water-stress environment was associated with the second lowest actual yield (1.75 t/ha). For all temperature and water-stress types, we found significant spatial variation that is relevant to the allocation of effort in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature and precipitation on the daily new cases and daily new death in seven cities around the globe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar Prashad Chaudhary ◽  
Adna Nelson K ◽  
Harish S ◽  
Mydhily S ◽  
Chaitanya KJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The World

AbstractBackgroundThis study was done to understand the effect of temperature and precipitation in COVID-19.ObjectiveTo study the effect of temperature and precipitation on transmission of COVID-19.To study the effect of temperature and precipitation on daily death of COVID-19.MethodologyWe collected 3 consecutive month data of seven cities around the world which were effected most by the COVID-19. Data included weather variables i.e temperature (average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature), precipitation, daily new cases and daily new death.ConclusionIncrease in average temperature reduces daily death and increase in maximum temperature reduces transmission.

scholarly journals Variability of Extreme Temperature in the Arctic - Observation and RCM

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidrun Matthes ◽  
Annette Rinke ◽  
Klaus Dethloff
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum Temperature ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Warm Spell ◽  
Era40 Data

This paper discusses results of a simulation with the regional climate model HIRHAM for 1958-2001, driven by the ECMWF reanalysis (ERA40) data over the Arctic domain. The aim is to analyze the ability of the model to capture certain features of climate extremes derived from daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures. For this purpose, a range of climate indices (frost days, cold and warm spell days, growing degree days and growing season length) was calculated from the model output as well as from ERA40 data and region-specific station data for Eastern and Western Russian Arctic for comparison. It is demonstrated that the model captures the main features in the spatial distribution and temporal development of most indices well. Though systematic deviations in the seasonal means occur in various indices (frost days, growing degree days), variability and trends are well reproduced. Seasonal mean patterns in frost days are reproduced best, though the model persistently calculates too many frost days. Seasonal means of cold and warm spell days are reproduced without systematic biases, though deviations occur in summer for cold spells and in spring and summer for warm spells due to an early spring warming in the regional climate model and a low variability of the daily maximum temperature over sea ice.

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