scholarly journals Epidemiological data and a score-based study of renal, hepatic and cerebral lesions in feline infectious peritonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3133
Author(s):  
Thalita Evani Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Giovana Wingeter Di Santis ◽  
Selwyn Arligton Headley
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Cerebral Lesions ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Hepatocellular Necrosis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Renal Necrosis ◽  
The Brain

The study describes the epidemiological and pathological findings observed in a population of cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and estimated the degree of tissue destruction in the kidney, brain, and liver. A retrospective study was performed to determine the number of cats with a histopathological diagnosis of FIP between 2005-2016, at the Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina. The histopathological alterations in selected organs (brain, liver and kidneys) associated with FIP were described and then compared with a scoring system to estimate the degree of tissue destruction. FIP was diagnosed in 3.7% (19/520) of all cats necropsied during the 11-year period; sexual and breed predominance were not identified. Cats that were less than one-year-old were more frequently diagnosed with FIP. Pyogranulomatous nephritis with vasculitis (94.7%; 18/19), coagulative renal necrosis (84.2%; 16/19), hepatocellular necrosis (57.9; 11/19), and necrotizing leptomeningitis (47.4%; 9/19) were the most frequent lesions observed. Moreover, FIP-associated renal lesions were more severe and frequently observed when compared with those in the brain and liver. It is proposed that necrosis be considered as an important lesion associated with FIP that should be included in the histopathological diagnosis of this disease.

Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Submetidos à Biópsia Gástrica em um Hospital Escola do Sul de Minas Gerais/ Epidemiological Profile of Patients Undergo Gastric Biopsy in a School Hospital of Minas Gerais

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Isabela Maria A. Ribeiro Simões ◽  
Ana Carolina Mauad Coli ◽  
Roseane de Souza Candido Irulegui
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Gastric Diseases ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de lesões benignas e neoplasia gástrica através do estudo de biópsias realizadas em um Hospital Escola do Sul de Minas Gerais, no período entre 2007 e 2011. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa documental foi quantitativa e retrospectiva, baseada na análise dos registros de biópsias e prontuários. Realizou-se o levantamento de dados referentes à idade, gênero, cor, profissão, diagnóstico histopatológico e presença de Helicobacter pylori nas amostras. Resultados: O número total de biópsias gástricas analisadas foi de 1225, cujo perfil populacional encontrado foi: idade média de 56,75 anos, sexo masculino (52%), cor branca (81,9 %), aposentado (30%). Os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram: gastrites (71,9%), pólipos (14,2%), adenocarcinomas (5,9%), úlceras gástricas (6%), linfomas (0,4%), sem alterações (0,4%) e outros (1,2%). Em outros, encontram-se achados de malignidade, metaplasia e xantelasma gástrico. Em relação à presença de Helicobacter pylori nas amostras, o resultado encontrado foi de24% positivas, 46% negativas e 30% não pesquisadas. Conclusão: Os resultados confirmam a alta frequência das doenças gástricas e sua incidência nas diversas faixas etárias, além do envolvimento do H. pylori em tais afecções. É de grande importância a caracterização dos dados epidemiológicos, o que permite prováveis direcionamentos para programas de prevenção e informação para a população. Palavras-chave: biópsia gástrica, gastropatia, perfil epidemiológico.  ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the prevalence of benign lesions and gastric cancer through study of biopsies performed at a school hospital in southern Minas Gerais, in the period between 2007 and 2011.Materials and Methods: The research was quantitative and retrospective, based on analysis of biopsies records and medical records. We conducted the survey data regarding age, sex, color, profession, histopathological diagnosis and the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the samples. Results: The total number of gastric biopsies analyzed was 1225. Population listing was found: mean age of 56.75 years, male (52%), white (81.9%), retired (30%). The most frequent diagnoses were gastritis (71.9%), polyps (14.2%), adenocarcinomas (5.9%), gastric ulcers (6%), lymphoma (0.4%), unchanged (0, 4%) and others (1.2%). In others, there are: findings of malignancy, metaplasia, gastric xanthelasma. Regarding the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the sample, the result was: 24% positive, 46% negative, 30% non searched. Conclusion: The results confirm the high frequency of gastric diseases and their incidence in the various age groups additionally to the involvement of H. pylori in such conditions. It is of great importance to characterize the epidemiological data, allowing probable directions for prevention and information programs for population. Keywords: gastric biopsy, gastropathy, epidemiological profile

What Has Direct Cortical and Subcortical Electrostimulation Taught Us about Neurolinguistics?

2019 ◽  
pp. 185-211
Author(s):  
Hugues Duffau
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Great Accuracy ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Cerebral Lesions ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Postoperative Mri ◽  
The Brain

Investigating the neural and physiological basis of language is one of the most important challenges in neurosciences. Direct electrical stimulation (DES), usually performed in awake patients during surgery for cerebral lesions, is a reliable tool for detecting both cortical and subcortical (white matter and deep grey nuclei) regions crucial for cognitive functions, especially language. DES transiently interacts locally with a small cortical or axonal site, but also nonlocally, as the focal perturbation will disrupt the entire subnetwork sustaining a given function. Thus, in contrast to functional neuroimaging, DES represents a unique opportunity to identify with great accuracy and reproducibility, in vivo in humans, the structures that are actually indispensable to the function, by inducing a transient virtual lesion based on the inhibition of a subcircuit lasting a few seconds. Currently, this is the sole technique that is able to directly investigate the functional role of white matter tracts in humans. Thus, combining transient disturbances elicited by DES with the anatomical data provided by pre- and postoperative MRI enables to achieve reliable anatomo-functional correlations, supporting a network organization of the brain, and leading to the reappraisal of models of language representation. Finally, combining serial peri-operative functional neuroimaging and online intraoperative DES allows the study of mechanisms underlying neuroplasticity. This chapter critically reviews the basic principles of DES, its advantages and limitations, and what DES can reveal about the neural foundations of language, that is, the large-scale distribution of language areas in the brain, their connectivity, and their ability to reorganize.

scholarly journals Subarachnoid diverticulum associated with feline infectious peritonitis in a Siberian cat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692094147
Author(s):  
Christopher Hoey ◽  
George Nye ◽  
Angela Fadda ◽  
Janet Bradshaw ◽  
Emi N Barker
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Choroid Plexitis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

Case summary A 7-month-old Siberian cat was presented for investigation of acute onset multifocal neurological deficits. Neurological examination documented dull mental status and an ambulatory left hemiparesis. Serum biochemistry documented marked hyperglobulinaemia. MRI of the brain identified marked leptomeningeal contrast enhancement extending along the brainstem caudally to involve the cranial cervical spinal cord. MRI of the cervical spine further identified a subarachnoid diverticulum that extended from the level of the obex to the C2–C3 vertebrae. Cerebrospinal fluid quantitative RT-PCR was positive for the presence of feline coronavirus. Histopathology revealed pyogranulomatous meningitis and choroid plexitis, uveitis and nephritis. Relevance and novel information This article describes the first reported case of a subarachnoid diverticulum associated with feline infectious peritonitis.

The topography, structure and incidence of mineralized bodies in the basal ganglia of the brain of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Wadsworth ◽  
H. B. Jones ◽  
J. B. Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Optic Chiasma ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Mammillary Bodies ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Brain

Whole coronal slices from 6 levels of the brain of 16 cynomolgus monkeys (8 control and 8 treated by daily gavage with a novel pharmaceutical agent for one year) were examined histologically. Mineralized bodies were identified only in coronal sections passing through the optic chiasma and mammillary bodies. Identical mineralized structures were present in the basal ganglia of both control and treated animals. The majority were seen in the globus pallidus, occasionally in the putamen and once in the nearby caudate nucleus. These structures were partially ferruginated and also partially calcified. They appeared to arise in relation to small vessels. They are part of the naturally occurring background pathology of several species of non-human primates and the incidence in this study (3/8 control and 5/8 treated) was approximately what might be expected from reports in the literature. Mineralized bodies of the basal ganglia of primates represent a spontaneous lesion with a characteristic distribution. They may cause confusion in interpretation of toxicological studies if their natural occurrence is not appreciated.

Brain Injury in a Healthy Child One Year After Periureteral Injection of Teflon

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-291
Author(s):  
Renato Borgatti ◽  
Alberto Tettamanti ◽  
Paolo Piccinelli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Healthy Child ◽  
Endoscopic Injection ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke ◽  
One Year ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
The Brain

This report presents the case of a previously healthy 6-year-old girl who had an ischemic injury corresponding to the territory perfused by the lateral branches of the lenticulostriate arteries of the middle cerebral artery. Stroke in childhood is rare, and the specific causes are identified in only half the cases. Our patient was carefully studied for any hereditary or acqired risk Factors for stroke, but we found only one, an endoscopic injection of Teflon performed 1 year before to correct vesicoureteral reflux. This suggests the risk of potential migration of Teflon particles to the brain, here they can block the microcirculation.

Stereotactic Brain Biopsy in Eloquent Areas Assisted by Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: a Technical Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. E124-E129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Bartek ◽  
Gerald Cooray ◽  
Mominul Islam ◽  
Margret Jensdottir
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stereotactic Biopsy ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stereotactic Brain Biopsy ◽  
Eloquent Areas ◽  
The Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Stereotactic brain biopsy (SB) is an important part of the neurosurgical armamentarium, with the possibility of achieving histopathological diagnosis in otherwise inaccessible lesions of the brain. Nevertheless, the procedure is not without the risk of morbidity, which is especially true for lesions in eloquent parts of the brain, where even a minor adverse event can result in significant deficits. Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) is widely used to chart lesions in eloquent areas, successfully guiding maximal safe resection, while its potential role in aiding with the planning of a stereotactic biopsy is so far unexplored. CLINICAL PRESENTATION Magnetic resonance imaging of a 67-yr-old woman presenting with dysphasia revealed a noncontrast enhancing left-sided lesion in the frontal and parietal pars opercularis. Due to the location of the lesion, nTMS was used to chart both primary motor and language cortex, utilizing this information to plan a safe SB trajectory and sampling area according to the initial work-up recommendations from the multidisciplinary neuro-oncology board. The SB was uneventful, with histology revealing a ganglioglioma, WHO I. The patient was discharged the following day, having declined to proceed with tumor resection (awake surgery) due to the non-negligible risk of morbidity. Upon 1- and 3-mo follow-up, she showed no signs of any procedure-related deficits. CONCLUSION nTMS can be implemented to aid with the planning of a stereotactic biopsy procedure in eloquent areas of the brain, and should be considered part of the neurosurgical armamentarium.

scholarly journals Recurrent Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma in the Left Parietal Region of Cranium: A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
ML Rahman ◽  
ASM Shawkat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Parietal Region ◽  
Skull Bone ◽  
Previous Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Space Occupying Lesion

A male of 20 years of age presented with features of intracranial space occupying lesion of cranium involving the brain. He came with the history of previous surgery in the head one-year back. On operation, an osteolytic growth from the skull bone invading the meninges and brain parenchyma. Who found Histopathological report revealed malignant fibrous histiocytoma.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i1.3492 TAJ 2004; 17(1) : 55-56

scholarly journals Simultaneous occurrence of brain tumor and myeloradiculopathy in schistosomiasis mansoni: case report

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Roberto Lambertucci ◽  
Silvio Roberto Souza-Pereira ◽  
Tânia Antunes Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Schistosomiasis Mansoni ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Brain

Simultaneous occurrence of brain tumor and myeloradiculopathy in cases of Manson's schistosomiasis have only rarely been described. We report the case of a 38-year-old man who developed seizures during a trip to Puerto Rico and in whom a brain tumor was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging: brain biopsy revealed the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. He was transferred to a hospital in the United States and, during hospitalization, he developed sudden paraplegia. The diagnosis of myeloradiculopathy was confirmed at that time. He was administered praziquantel and steroids. The brain tumor disappeared, but the patient was left with paraplegia and fecal and urinary dysfunction. He has now been followed up in Brazil for one year, and his clinical state, imaging examinations and laboratory tests are presented here.

scholarly journals Sepsis in a university hospital: a prospective study for the cost analysis of patients' hospitalization

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maynara Fernanda Carvalho Barreto ◽  
Mara Solange Gomes Dellaroza ◽  
Gilselena Kerbauy ◽  
Cintia Magalhães Carvalho Grion
Keyword(s):  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pulmonary Focus

Abstract OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost of hospitalization of patients with severe sepsis or septic shock admitted or diagnosed in the Urgent and Emergency sector at a university hospital and followed until the clinical outcome. METHOD An epidemiological, prospective, observational study conducted in a public hospital in southern Brazil for the period of one year (August 2013 to August 2014). Sepsis notification forms, medical records and data of the cost sector were used for the collection of clinical and epidemiological data. RESULTS The sample comprised 95 patients, resulting in a total high cost of hospitalization (R$ 3,692,421.00), and an average of R$ 38,867.60 per patient. Over half of the total value of the treatment of sepsis (R$ 2,215,773.50) was assigned to patients who progressed to death (59.0%). The higher costs were related to discharge, diagnosis of severe sepsis, the pulmonary focus of infection and the age group of up to 59 years. CONCLUSION The high cost of the treatment of sepsis justifies investments in training actions and institution of protocols that can direct preventive actions, and optimize diagnosis and treatment in infected and septic patients.

Will brain tissue grafts become an important therapy to restore visual function in cerebrally blind patients?

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-74
Author(s):  
Reinhard Werth
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Embryonic Brain ◽  
Cerebral Lesions ◽  
Tissue Grafts ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Neuropsychological Methods ◽  
Blind Patients

AbstractGrafting embryonic brain tissue into the brain of patients with visual field loss due to cerebral lesions may become a method to restore visual function. This method is not without risk, however, and will only be considered in cases of complete blindness after bilateral occipital lesions, when other, risk-free neuropsychological methods fail.

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