scholarly journals Sowing dates and node emission in buckwheat cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
◽  
Ismael Mario Márcio Neu ◽  
Rafael Vieira Pezzini ◽  
Gabriel Elias Dumke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Final Number ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

The aim of this study was to determine the rate of node appearance (RNA), the final number of nodes (FNN) and the period of node emission (PNE) in two buckwheat cultivars (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) for different sowing dates, and to check variability in the RNA, FNN and PNE between the cultivars and sowing dates. The IPR91-Baili and IPR92-Altar cultivars were evaluated for 29 and 31 sowing dates from October to May in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 agricultural years respectively. In each experiment, a completely randomised design with five replications was used. The number of nodes (NN) on the main stem was counted twice a week in each plant (replication), from emission of the first node until the end of the cycle. The linear regression (y = a + bx) of the number of nodes (NN, y) was adjusted for each plant based on the number of days after emergence (DAE, x). The rate of node appearance (RNA), in days node-1, was determined from the inverse of the slope of the linear regression between NN and DAE (RNA = 1/b). The RNA was calculated for the period of node emission (PNE, in days), i.e. from emergence to emission of the last node. The final number of nodes (FNN) was counted at the end of node emission. Variability was found in the rate of node appearance (RNA), the final number of nodes (FNN) and the period of node emission (PNE) between the cultivars and sowing dates. The rate of node appearance ranges between 2.20 and 8.23 days node-1, the final number of nodes between 2.20 and 17.20, and the period of node emission between 16.60 and 49.20 days. Plants of the IPR91-Baili and IPR92-Altar cultivars show better vegetative development (lower RNA, higher FNN and greater PNE) when sown in November, December, January and February, compared to those sown in October, March, April and May.

INTERACTION OFCULTIVAR, SOWING DATE AND SOWING RATE ON LODGING, YIELD AND SEED WEIGHT OF BUCKWHEAT

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

Two buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) cultivars, Tokyo and Tempest, were grown in 1971, 1972 and 1973 at 8.5, 17, 34 and 68 kg/ha sowing rates and at early, mid- and late June sowing dates. Tempest lodged more than Tokyo, particularly in 1971. Yield generally declined with each delay in sowing. In 1971, yield increased with each increase in sowing rate, while in 1972 there was no difference due to rate. In 1973, yield increased to the third rate and levelled out to the fourth. Therefore, a sowing rate of over 34 kg/ha may be required to assure good yields each year. Seed weight tended to decrease with delay in sowing but was not affected by sowing rate.

Variation in branch length in Fagopyrum esculentum in response to density and emergence date: No evidence for true plasticity

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 888-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisdom Japhet ◽  
Daowei Zhou ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Branch Length ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Allometric Analysis ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench ◽  
Emergence Date

Plasticity is an important attribute that enables plants to maintain fitness in heterogeneous environments. The objective of this study was to investigate plasticity in branch length in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Seeds of the species were sown under two contrasting conditions through the manipulation of planting density (inter-planting distances at 20, 15, 10, and 5 cm) and sowing date (25 July, 1 August, 5 August, and 15 August). Allometric analysis of the relationships between branch length and total biomass showed a significant (p < 0.05) departure from isometry. This indicates that branch length increased linearly as a function of size. However, branch length was smaller in the group of plants sown at higher densities and at late sowing dates. True plasticity, which would have been indicated by significant differences in allometric exponents within treatments, was not observed in this study. Our results suggest that the differences observed in branch length were due to the direct effect of size rather than as a result of true plastic investment in branches.

scholarly journals Phenology and productive performance of chamomile in sowing dates and spacing between plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3285
Author(s):  
Jocélia Rosa da Silva ◽  
Arno Bernardo Heldwein ◽  
Andressa Janaína Puhl ◽  
Adriana Almeida do Amarante ◽  
Daniella Moreira Salvadé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Thermal Time ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Final Number ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Santa Maria

The present work has aimed to evaluate phenology and productive performance of chamomile in a subtropical weather region, sown in different dates and spacings in between plants. The experiment took place in Santa Maria – RS with four sowing dates in the year 2017 (18/03, 28/04, 30/06 and 31/08) and seven spacings along plants in rows (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 cm), spaced 30 cm between each other. Phenological observations were made every two or three days in two plants per portion while also accounting for the number of nodes in the main stem. The harvest of chamomile floral chapters was performed manually from the beggining of flowering and repeated biweekly until plant maturation. Productivity of dry floral chapters as well as content and productivity of essential oils were evaluated. It was established that sowing dates affect the productivity of dry floral chapters, content and productivity of essential oil from cv. Mandirituba chamomile, with the sowings of March 18th and April 28th presenting the highest values for such variables. Increasing the space between plants from the 10 cm line to 40 cm in lines spaced in 30 cm has shown a linear tendency of decreasing the productivity of dry floral chapters. Spacings between plants did not affect the phenological development of chamomile, however, sowing dates interfered in the thermal time of six evaluated subperiods regarding plastochron and the final number of nodes.

scholarly journals Вплив строків сівби на продуктивність гречки

2018 ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
М. С. Ульянченко
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench ◽  
Exact Effect ◽  
Seed Yields

На фоні нестабільних погодних умов весняного періоду, що відмічаються останнім часом, встановлення оптимальних строків сівби районованих сортів гречки набуває актуального значення. У статті експериментальним шляхом вивчали шість сортів гречки (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) вітчизняної селекції: Ярославна, Слобожанка, Руслана, Українка, Крупинка, СИН-3/02 залежно від строків сівби в умовах нестійкого зволоження центрального Лісостепу. Для проведення досліджень використовували загальноприйняті та спеціальні методики: продуктивність сортів гречки та аналіз зернового матеріалу за елементами продуктивності визначали після очищення зерна методом повітряної сепарації та перерахунку на стандартну 14 % вологість. Для умов 2015 року встановлено, що елементи продуктивності гречки (крупність та кількість зерен з рослини) мають суттєвий вплив на формування продуктивності культури. За масою 1000 зерен виокремилися сорт Крупинка за раннього строку сівби, суттєво менші значення отримали за цим показником у сортів Слобожанка та Українка, відповідно, за сівби в перший та другий строк. Усі інші сорти за крупністю зерна мали середнє значення. Строки сівби сорту СИН-3/02 не мали впливу на елементи продуктивності. В умовах 2016 року за крупністю зерна виокремилися сорти Ярославна, Руслана та Крупинка за раннього та середнього строків сівби. Всі сорти, що  вивчалися, забезпечили вищу крупність зерна за раннього строку сівби, за виключенням сортів Ярославна та Українка. За результатами дворічних досліджень визначено, що ранньостиглі сорти гречки Ярославна і Руслана доцільно висівати з середини першої декади травня. Сорти Слобожанка і Крупинка формують найбільшу продуктивність за сівби в перший та другий строк. Чіткого впливу терміну сівби на даний показник у сортів СИН-3/02 та Українка не виявлено. The set of optimal sowing dates of the buckwheat is to the actual value on the background of unstable weather of the springtime. In the article, six species of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) of domestic breeding: Yaroslavna, Slobozhanka, Ruslana, Ukrainka, Krupynka, SIN-3/02 were studied experimentally, depending on the time of sowing in conditions of unstable moisture of the Central Forest-Steppe. For research, conventional methods and special methods were used: productivity of buckwheat varieties and analysis of grain material by the elements of productivity were determined after purification of the grain by air separation method and converted to a standard 14 % moisture content. For the 2015 conditions it has been established that the elements of the buckwheat productivity: the size and number of grains from the plant have a significant effect on the formation of the productivity of the crop. By weight of 1000 grains, Krupynka variety was distinguished at early term sowings; significant lower values ​​were obtained for this variety in Slobozhanka and Ukrainka, respectively for sowing in the first and second terms. All other varieties according to grain size had an average value. The lines of sowing of the variety SIN-3/02 did not influence the elements of productivity. In the conditions of 2016, the varieties Yaroslavna, Ruslana and Krupynka were distinguished by grain size for early and medium term sowing. All varieties put on the study ensured a higher grain size in early sowing, with the exception of Yaroslavna and Ukrainka varieties. According to the results of two-year studies, it has been determined that early varieties of buckwheat Yaroslavna and Ruslana should be sown from the middle of the first decade of May. Sloboda and Krupynka grades produce the highest seed yields in the first and second lines. The exact effect of the sowing date on this indicator in the varieties SIN-3/02 and Ukrainka was not detected.

Exploring the Pharmacognostic Features, Anti-oxidant and Lipid Lowering Potential of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Neeraj Panihar ◽  
Neeru Vasudeva ◽  
Sunil Sharma ◽  
Babu Lal Jangir
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench ◽  
Β Carotene

Background: Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. is a herb consumed as food and has medicinal value. It is a rich source of bioactive nutrients which cure and prevent many ailments. Traditionally, it is used to treat hypertension, diabetes, constipation, cancer etc. Methods and Objective: Present work illustrates morphological, microscopic and physicochemical parameters of Fagopyrum esculentum seeds as per WHO guidelines, in vitro antioxidant activity; assessed by DPPH scavenging method, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and β-carotene linoleic acid bleaching method and study of lipid lowering potential of the ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of seeds on normal diet fed Wistar rats. Results: Morphological studies delineated the triangular shape, dark brown colour, 8 mm length and 6 mm width of the seed. The microscopic examination of the transverse section of seed depicted features like testa or pericarp (seed coat), the endosperm, embryo and sclerenchyma cells. Study of physiochemical parameters exhibited 0.3±0.02% of foreign matter and 1.44±0.51% crude fibre content. Total ash, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash value were 6.7±1.7%, 1.9±0.23% and 3.9± 0.31% respectively. Alcohol soluble and water soluble extractive value came out to be 65.02± 3.21 mg/g and 12.7±1.24 mg/g respectively. Foaming index was less than 100, swelling index was found to be 0.5±0.01 ml/g. Loss on drying was 4.02±1.27%. Phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate and ethanol extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, phytosterols and flavonoids. Trace amount of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Pesticide residue analysis confirmed the presence of nontoxic pesticides like dimethipin, hymexazol, phenothrin-2, methoprene, triadimenol, prohydrojasmon- 1, jasmolin ii, triademinol, jasmolin i, prohydrojasmone i, cyromazine in both the extracts by gc-ms spectrometer. The ethyl acetate and ethanol extract has shown significant in-vitro antioxidant activities demonstrated by the DPPH method (IC50 = 94.37±2.51 and 216.04±4.39 μg/ml respectively), hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay (IC50 = 83.72±3.72 and 193.47±5.05 µg/ml respectively) and β-carotene bleaching method (IC50 = 100.67±4.01 and 205.39±2.89 µg/ml respectively). Lipid lowering study performed on Wistar rats demonstrated a significant (p<0.001) decrease in serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG) and increase in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level as compared to normal group. Both the extracts have shown a non significant difference in the level of TG as compared to standard drug atorvastatin, depicting that the efficacy of extracts is at par with that of standard drug atorvastatin. Conclusion: Pharmacognostical study of the plant can be a very good tool for identification as well as authentication of a herb. Moreover, these parameters may be helpful in the development of monograph of the plant. Pharmacological activity confirmed Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. seed to be a good antioxidant and have lipid lowering potential.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Phenolic Acids Are Differently Genetically Determined in Leaves, Flowers, and Grain of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Alena Vollmannová ◽  
Janette Musilová ◽  
Judita Lidiková ◽  
Július Árvay ◽  
Marek Šnirc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Common Buckwheat ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is a valuable source of proteins, B vitamins, manganese, tryptophan, phytochemicals with an antioxidant effect, and the natural flavonoid rutin. Due to its composition, buckwheat supports the human immune system, regulates blood cholesterol, and is suitable for patients with diabetes or celiac disease. The study aimed to compare the allocation of selected phenolic acids (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-caffeic acid, trans-p-coumaric acid, trans-sinapic acid, trans-ferulic acid) and flavonoids (rutin, vitexin, quercetin, kaempferol) in the leaves, flowers, and grain of buckwheat cultivars of different origin. The content of individual phenolics was determined by the HPLC-DAD method. The results confirmed the determining role of cultivar on the relative content of chlorogenic acid, trans-caffeic acid, trans-sinapic acid, vitexin, and kaempferol in buckwheat plants. A significantly negative correlation among concentrations of phenolic acids in different common buckwheat plant parts shows that there are different mechanisms of genetic influences on the concentration of phenolic substances in common buckwheat flowers, leaves, and grain. These differences should be taken into account when breeding buckwheat for a high concentration of selected phenolic substances.

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