The relationship between psychiatric problems and gender in the presence of epilepsy in children and adolescents who referred to child psychiatry outpatient clinic

This study evaluated the relationship between leg strength and endurance run performance, independent of aerobic capacity (V̇O2peak), body size, and gender, in children and adolescents with mild or moderate mental retardation. Twenty-six individuals (15 boys and 11 girls) volunteered and underwent tests of V̇O2peak, isokinetic leg strength, and endurance run performance (600-yard ran/walk and 20-m shuttle run). Results showed that leg strength was significantly related to both types of run performance; however, when controlling for V̇O2peak, body size, and gender, leg strength was a more significant contributor to the 600-yard run/walk than to 20-m shuttle run performance. Gender did not influence these relationships. These data suggest that leg strength has a significant influence on endurance run performance in children and adolescents with mild or moderate mental retardation.

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IHS Criteria and Gender: A Study on Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1602107.x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 107-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

C Wöber-Bingöl ◽

C Wöber ◽

C Wagner-Ennsgraber ◽

K Zebenholzer ◽

C Vesely ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Migraine With Aura ◽

Outpatient Clinic ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Ihs Criteria ◽

Accompanying Symptoms ◽

And Gender ◽

Type Headache

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the IHS criteria for migraine and tension-type headache depend on gender. Among 409 children and adolescents with recurrent idiopathic headache seen at a university outpatient clinic, girls had significantly more often migraine with aura. Also, there was a trend towards a higher frequency of tension-type headache in girls. In migraine, aggravation of headache by physical activity and occurrence of aura symptoms were more common in females, whereas vomiting and phonophobia occurred more often in males. In tension-type headache, females more often reported mild intensity of headache. All other criteria were similar in both sexes. Age influenced the expression of some of the accompanying symptoms in the various types of migraine, but had only minimal influence on other diagnostic criteria of migraine and tension-type headache in females as well as in males. Our study suggests that the frequency of migraine (except that of migraine with aura) is similar among girls and boys, that tension-type headache may occur more often in girls, and that gender has some influence on the IHS criteria for migraine, but almost no influence on those of tension-type headache.

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The Relationship between Physical Activity and Screen Time with the Risk of Hypertension in Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/1940602 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Justyna Wyszyńska ◽

Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽

Katarzyna Dereń ◽

Artur Mazur

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Intellectual Disability ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Screen Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Group Score ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship ◽

Hypertension In Children

Introduction. Children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) have significantly lower levels of physical activity compared to their peers without ID. Association between the level of physical activity and screen time with hypertension (HPT) in children and adolescents with ID has not been reported yet. Aim. To assess the relationship between the level of physical activity and screen time with the prevalence of HPT in students with ID. Material and Methods. The study group consisted of 568 children with ID aged 7 to 18. The control group matched for age and gender consisted of 568 students without ID. Blood pressure (BP), body mass and height, level of physical activity, and screen time were assessed. Results. The level of physical activity in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group (score 1.99 versus 3.02, resp., in Physical Activity Questionnaire). The risk of HPT in the students with ID with low levels of physical activity was more than 4 times higher (OR = 4.40) and more than 2 times higher when screen time was ≥2 h/day. Conclusion. Low level of physical activity and long screen time were associated with significantly higher HPT risk among children and adolescents with ID.

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Depression in the Young, Parental Depression and Parenting Stress

Australasian Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/j.1440-1665.2004.02155.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 76-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Susan Tan ◽

Joseph Rey

Keyword(s):

Parenting Stress ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Parental Depression ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽

Children’S Depression ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship ◽

Depressed Children

Objective: To examine the relationship between depression in children and adolescents, parental depression and parenting stress. Methods: Fifty-three depressed youths, 9-16 years, were matched for age and gender and compared with S3 non-depressed controls. Depression was diagnosed using the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised (DICA-R). Parents completed questionnaires on depression and parenting stress. Results: Parents of depressed children reported higher parenting stress and were more likely to perceive their children as ‘difficult’. Univariate analysis demonstrated a relationship between children's depression and maternal depression but not with paternal depression. This became non-significant with multivariate analysis, implying that maternal depressive symptoms may have been due to caring for a depressed, thus ‘difficult’ child. Conclusions: Depressed youth were more likely to be perceived by mothers as ‘difficult’ and caused them significant parenting stress. The same phenomenon did not occur among the fathers. Clinicians need to consider the presence of depression among ‘difficult’ children and look for early depression in mothers of depressed youth.

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Assessment of Psychological Distress in Epilepsy: Perspective from Pakistan

Epilepsy Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/171725 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Najam-us Sahar

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Management Plan ◽

High Risk Group ◽

High Rate ◽

Marriage Education ◽

And Gender ◽

High Level ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

The Relationship ◽

Psychiatric Problems

The unpredictable nature & elongated course of epilepsy affect all dimensions (physical, psychological, and social) of an individual’s life. People with the diagnosis of epilepsy are a high-risk group for different psychiatric problems that is anxiety, depression as well as social problems (marriage, education, and daily activities). The findings of present research revealed high rate (70%) of psychological distress among fifty adult individuals with epilepsy. It was also found that people with uncontrolled epilepsy experience high level of psychological distress (100%) as compared to those with controlled (42%). Demographic and clinical factors associated with distress include lack of occupation, the presence of an underlying disabling condition (with treatment), and the severity of epilepsy. The finding generated here showed that 13 out of 19 females with epilepsy reported psychological distress. It was also found that none of these women was employed (a cultural specific phenomenon) with a slightly high number of unmarried females (74%). So by understanding the relationship between clinical and psychosocial variables, a good management plan can be devised with a focus on social and gender differences. The present research can also help to increase the awareness and to lower the stigmatization related to epilepsy.

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How Do School Children and Adolescents Perceive the Nature of Talent Development? A Case Study from Finland

Education Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/4162957 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elina Kuusisto ◽

Sonja Laine ◽

Kirsi Tirri

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

School Children ◽

Talent Development ◽

Implicit Beliefs ◽

Domain Specific ◽

Upper Secondary ◽

Math Grades ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

This article examines how school children and adolescents (N=607) perceive the nature of talent development. More particularly it is investigated whether students perceive intelligence and giftedness as developing or as inherent and how students’ perspectives on talent development are related to their learning outcomes. Participants were students in elementary (n=200), lower secondary (n=256), and upper secondary school (n=151). The results showed that students perceived the nature of intelligence as more malleable than giftedness. Along with this domain-specific variance, there were also age and gender related differences in students’ perceptions. By examining the relation between implicit beliefs and students’ academic achievements, it was found that growth-oriented views about intelligence, but fixed ideas about giftedness, indicated higher math grades. The results suggest that the relationship between implicit beliefs and academic outcomes might not be as straightforward as previous studies have suggested.

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The Relationship of Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Gender-Role Orientation in Four National Samples

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001.28.2.78 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 78-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Stefan J. Troche ◽

Nina Weber ◽

Karina Hennigs ◽

Carl-René Andresen ◽

Thomas H. Rammsayer

Keyword(s):

Gender Role ◽

Sex Role ◽

Role Orientation ◽

Sexually Dimorphic ◽

Gender Role Orientation ◽

Left Hand ◽

Fourth Finger ◽

And Gender ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. The ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D ratio) is sexually dimorphic with women having higher 2D:4D ratio than men. Recent studies on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation yielded rather inconsistent results. The present study examines the moderating influence of nationality on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation, as assessed with the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, as a possible explanation for these inconsistencies. Participants were 176 female and 171 male university students from Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden ranging in age from 19 to 32 years. Left-hand 2D:4D ratio was significantly lower in men than in women across all nationalities. Right-hand 2D:4D ratio differed only between Swedish males and females indicating that nationality might effectively moderate the sexual dimorphism of 2D:4D ratio. In none of the examined nationalities was a reliable relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation obtained. Thus, the assumption of nationality-related between-population differences does not seem to account for the inconsistent results on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation.

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