scholarly journals Prevalence and susceptibility pattern of anaerobic bacteria isolated from wound swabs in Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Đana Granov ◽  
Daria Bekić ◽  
El-Jesah Đulić ◽  
Amela Dedeić- Ljubović
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Clinical Centre ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Anaerobic Infections ◽  
Abdominal Infections

Objectives: Anaerobic bacteria may cause numerous infections in different locations through human body. Those infections can be life-threatening with significant mortality. Wounds represent a suitable habitat for colonization of anaerobic bacteria. Their proliferation contributes to moist and warm environment, hypoxic and necrotic tissue.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted at the Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo from 2015-2017. The study involved wound swab samples, sampled from hospitalized patients. The anaerobic bacteria were isolated using standard procedures.Results: During the period from 01.01.2015. to 31.12.2017, 8386 samples were analyzed on anaerobic bacteria and 872 (10.4%) of specimen were positive. In 2015, 332 (15%) specimens were positive, while during 2016 and 2017, 244 (7,8%) and 296 (9.9%) respectively. Bacteroides spp. was the most common isolate during three year period: 2015-227 (55.5%); 2016-139 (48%); 2017-161 (42,5%). It was followed by Peptococcus spp.: 2015-70 (17.1%); 2016-40 (13.9%); 2017-66 (17.4%), Clostridium spp.: 2015 – 32 (7.8%); 2016-21 (7.3%); 2017- 35 (9.2%), Fusobacterium spp.: 2015 – 49 (11.9%); 2016-32 (11.1%); 2017- 45 (11.9%).VITEK 2 Compact has identified to the level of species 48 isolates which were in pure culture.The largest number of anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the samples received from the Abdominal surgery. The overview of antimicrobial sensitivity showed highest sensitivity to metronidazole (99,9%) and carbapenems (99,9%), respectively.Conclusions The most commonly isolated anaerobic bacteria was Bacteroides spp.Highest number of positive isolates was from abdominal surgery since intra-abdominal infections reflect the microflora of the resected organ. Metronidazole remains the antibiotic of choice in the treatment of anaerobic infections.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Anaerobic Bacteria in Major Liver Resection

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Jens Strohäker ◽  
Sophia Bareiß ◽  
Silvio Nadalin ◽  
Alfred Königsrainer ◽  
Ruth Ladurner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Liver Resections ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Anaerobic Infections ◽  
Major Hepatectomies

(1) Background: Anaerobic infections in hepatobiliary surgery have rarely been addressed. Whereas infectious complications during the perioperative phase of liver resections are common, there are very limited data on the prevalence and clinical role of anaerobes in this context. Given the risk of contaminated bile in liver resections, the goal of our study was to investigate the prevalence and outcome of anaerobic infections in major hepatectomies. (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the charts of 245 consecutive major hepatectomies that were performed at the department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery of the University Hospital of Tuebingen between July 2017 and August 2020. All microbiological cultures were screened for the prevalence of anaerobic bacteria and the patients’ clinical characteristics and outcomes were evaluated. (3) Results: Of the 245 patients, 13 patients suffered from anaerobic infections. Seven had positive cultures from the biliary tract during the primary procedure, while six had positive culture results from samples obtained during the management of complications. Risk factors for anaerobic infections were preoperative biliary stenting (p = 0.002) and bile leaks (p = 0.009). All of these infections had to be treated by intervention and adjunct antibiotic treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics. (4) Conclusions: Anaerobic infections are rare in liver resections. Certain risk factors trigger the antibiotic coverage of anaerobes.

Diagnosis and Management of Anaerobic Infections of the Head and Neck

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Postoperative Infection ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Cervical Adenitis ◽  
Penicillin Therapy ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽  
Anaerobic Infections ◽  
Head And Neck Infections

Anaerobic bacteria are important pathogens in head and neck infections such as chronic otitis media, chronic sinusitis, chronic mastoiditis, head and neck abscesses, cervical adenitis, parotitis, and postoperative infection. Bacteroides sp ( Bacteroides melaninogenicus group, Bacteroides oralis, and Bacteroides fragilis group), Peptostreptococcus sp, and Fusobacterium sp predominate. The observed recent increase in the number of β-lactamase—producing strains of Bacteroides sp isolated in head and neck infections has been associated with increased failure rates of the penicillins in the management of these infections. The pathogenicity of these organisms is expressed through their ability not only to survive penicillin therapy but also to shield penicillin-susceptible pathogens from the drug. Because of these direct and indirect virulent characteristics of anaerobic bacteria, appropriate antimicrobial therapy must be directed against all pathogens in mixed infections.

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro activities of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) against 221 aerobic and 217 anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients with intra-abdominal infections.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2312-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
D M Citron ◽  
M D Appleman
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Abdominal Infections ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Polymicrobial Infections

Four hundred thirty-eight bacteria cultured from specimens of patients with serious intra-abdominal infections were tested by agar dilution against trovafloxacin and other quinolones and antimicrobial agents. Trovafloxacin inhibited 435 strains (99.3%) at < or =2 microg/ml. All the quinolones had similar activities against Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas sp., but trovafloxacin showed superior activities against streptococci, enterococci, and anaerobic organisms. Because of its excellent in vitro activities against diverse bacteria, trovafloxacin has potential use as a single agent for polymicrobial infections.

scholarly journals Necrotizing Fasciitis of The Abdominal Wall Following Colonoscopy with Fatal Outcome - A Case Report

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Daniel Matz ◽  
Oleg Heizmann
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Soft Tissue Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Tissue Infection ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a serious and potentially life threatening soft tissue infection, usually caused by different types of bacteria such as group A streptococcus, staphylococcus spp. (type 1 infection) or mixed infection by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (type 2 infection). Usually, the infection arises from skin injury, in injections or surgical procedures and effects the fascia as well as the subcutaneous tissue. Overwhelming progression and difficulties in diagnosing are very common. Mortality rate is up to 100% depending on the type of soft tissue infection and did not markedly decrease in the past decades [1]. Here we present a case of NF with fatal outcome following colonoscopy, which was primarily suspected to be a post polypectomy syndrome.

scholarly journals Gastric Pneumatosis: Emphysematous Gastritis versus Gastric Emphysema

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Paliwal ◽  
Sachin Girdhar ◽  
Somali Pattanayak ◽  
Brajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Emphysematous Gastritis ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Gastric Emphysema

AbstractPresence of air in the wall of the stomach is known as gastric pneumatosis. It may be associated with a benign condition like gastric emphysema (GE) to life threatening condition emphysematous gastritis (EG). Differentiation between two entities based on clinical presentation, predisposing factors, and radiological findings is important as EG has more complications and higher rates of mortality. The treatment in GE is conservative while treatment in EG is evolving. We present a case of a diabetic patient who developed EG following abdominal surgery and managed conservatively with favorable outcome.

The Role of Anaerobic Bacteria in Perinephric and Renal Abscesses in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Renal Abscess ◽  
Previous Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Objective. To investigate the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of renal abscesses in children. Patients and methods. Aspirates from six children with perinephric and four with renal abscess were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Results. A total of 20 organisms were recovered, 8 aerobic or facultative bacteria and 12 anaerobic bacteria. Aerobic or facultative bacteria only were recovered in one patient, anaerobic bacteria only in two, and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in seven. Anaerobic bacteria were isolated in perinephric abscesses that were associated with previous abdominal surgery and renal transplant and in renal abscesses that were related to malignancy, pyelonephritis, and orodental infection. Conclusion. This study highlights the importance of anaerobic bacteria in perinephric and renal abscesses in children.

Anaerobic Infections

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Ellie JC Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Normal Human Skin ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Adequate Coverage ◽  
Anaerobic Infections

Anaerobes are the most predominant components of the bacterial flora of normal human skin and mucous membranes and are a frequent cause of endogenous bacterial infections. Anaerobic infections can occur in all body locations: the central nervous system, oral cavity, head and neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, skin, and soft tissues. Treatment of anaerobic infection is complicated by the slow growth of anaerobes in culture, by their polymicrobial nature, and by their growing resistance to antimicrobials. Antimicrobial therapy is frequently the only form of therapy needed, whereas in some patients it is an important adjunct to drainage and surgery. Because anaerobes are generally isolated mixed with aerobes, the antimicrobial chosen should provide for adequate coverage of both. The most effective antimicrobials against anaerobes are metronidazole, the carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, doripenem, ertapenem), chloramphenicol, the combination of a penicillin and a β-lactamase inhibitors (ampicillin or ticarcillin plus clavulanate, amoxicillin plus sulbactam, piperacillin plus tazobactam), tigecycline, cefoxitin, and clindamycin. This review contains 4 figures, 9 tables, and 150 references. Key words: anaerobic bacteria, antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance, Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium spp, Fusobacterium spp, infection, Peptostreptococcus spp  

scholarly journals Comparison of the Vitek 2, API 20A, and 16s rRNA Gene Sequencing for the Identification of Anaerobic Bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyun Cheol Park ◽  
Sook Jin Jang ◽  
Min Jung Lee ◽  
Joong-Ki Kook ◽  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

scholarly journals Abdominal Sepsis: An Update

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea Gabriel Mureșan ◽  
Ioan Alexandru Balmoș ◽  
Iudita Badea ◽  
Ario Santini
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Prognostic Scores ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Surgical Measures ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Intra Abdominal Infection ◽  
Abdominal Infections

Abstract Despite the significant development and advancement in antibiotic therapy, life-threatening complication of infective diseases cause hundreds of thousands of deaths world. This paper updates some of the issues regarding the etiology and treatment of abdominal sepsis and summaries the latest guidelines as recommended by the Intra-abdominal Infection (IAI) Consensus (2017). Prognostic scores are currently used to assess the course of peritonitis. Irrespective of the initial cause, there are several measures universally accepted as contributing to an improved survival rate, with the early recognition of IAI being the critical matter in this respect. Immediate correction of fluid balance should be undertaken with the use of vasoactive agents being prescribed, if necessary, to augment and assist fluid resuscitation. The WISS study showed that mortality was significantly affected by sepsis irrespective of any medical and surgical measures. A significant issue is the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the clinical setting, and the reported prevalence of ESBLs intra-abdominal infections has steadily increased in Asia. Europe, Latin America, Middle East, North America, and South Pacific. Abdominal cavity pathology is second only to sepsis occurring in a pulmonary site. Following IAI (2017) guidelines, antibiotic therapy should be initiated as soon as possible after a diagnosis has been verified.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document