scholarly journals Evolution and Analysis of the Turkish Diet Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Li ◽  
Jiaxin Lai
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Diet Patterns ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
The Difference

Dietary patterns and eating habits can have a great influence on the overall health of specific regions. By looking back to the history of Turkey and how the dietary patterns evolve in Turkish people, it is easier to discuss the nutrition status of the Turkish people in the current period, understand the culture in Turkey, and can better evaluate what to be done to improve the overall diet quality and prevent chronic diseases. The Turkish diet is mostly similar throughout the whole country, but there are unique characteristics for each region. When analysing the evolution of the Turkish diet, it is easier to split into three time periods, which are the Seljuks (11-13th centuries), the Ottomans (the end of the 13th centuries-1922), and the modern Republic of Turkey (1923-now). Moreover, the analysis of Turkey’s Dietary guidelines provides an insight into the shortcomings of the current Turkish diet and the recommendations for people to improve overall health. The unhealthy, mal-nutritious, and unbalanced diet may increase the death rate by causing many chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The difference in daily nutrition intake between the wealthiest and poorest people of Turkey is also important to see the dietary culture in Turkey.

Nutrition For The Healthy Child

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera Boghani ◽  
Mollie Studley
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Physical Findings

Preschool and school-age children are children ages 3 to 6 and 7 to 12 years, respectively. This life stage is characterized by a period of slower growth velocity compared with infancy, which precedes it, and adolescence, which follows it. During the early school years, children continue to develop and refine feeding skills, expand their food choices, and learn to eat a variety of flavors and textures. Parents and other caregivers control the type of foods and the environment in which the foods are presented, often influencing eating habits and behaviors later in life. A healthy diet is needed not only to maximize the child’s growth but also to prevent chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. When assessing a child’s nutrition, emphasis should be placed on not just weight and body mass index but also assessing intake of macro- and micronutrients from foods. A healthy diet should include a variety of food groups, with emphasis on whole foods over processed foods. Recently developed tools such as MyPlate and the Dietary Guidelines help American families move toward a healthful diet to help minimize the risk of chronic diseases. This review contains 3 figures, 7 tables and 78 references Key words: childhood obesity, developmental disability, energy needs of children, evaluation of growth charts, failure to thrive, food allergy, nutrition-focused physical findings, nutritional status, SoFAS

scholarly journals Development Of Diet Score For Reflecting Diet Patterns and Dietary Guidelines: A Case Of Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 840-841
Author(s):  
Yuezhong Liu ◽  
Rakhi Verma ◽  
Ringo Ho ◽  
Yin-Leng Theng
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Young Cohort ◽  
Generational Cohorts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Patterns ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diet Score

Abstract Foods and dietary patterns substantially affect health outcomes. The overall dietary assessment score associated with dietary guidelines in Singapore has not been assessed previously. This study aimed to develop and evaluate diet score for identifying the relationship between dietary patterns and dietary guidelines in Singapore. Using a localised diet score survey collaborated with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), we conducted a cross-sectional study of 600 Singapore persons in two-generational cohorts (40-64: 300 and > 65 years: 300). The proposed local diet score was calculated to reflect their overall compliance with the Dietary Guidelines in Singapore. ANOVA analysis was used to identify the significant difference among socio-demographic variables associated with diet score and comparison analysis was performed to compare the diet patterns and diet score. There are significant differences among age, education, housing, residency associated with diet score. Diet score of older cohort (M= 67.71, SD= 13.38) is significantly higher than young cohort (M= 60.73, SD= 14.71). The highest education level (University or tertiary) obtain the lowest diet score (M= 58.58, SD= 14.41). The participants who live in the landed property (M= 69.45, SD= 14.43) are higher than those who live in Condominium and Public House. And the participants who live alone (M= 67.26, SD= 14.66) have a higher average diet score. Two-generational cohorts are not compliant with recommendations about dietary guideline well in Singapore. The present findings suggest that dietary patterns need improvement in aspects such as vegetables and extra food components.

scholarly journals The Moderation Role of Acculturation on Dietary Patterns and Stress among U.S. Chinese Immigrants

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 910-911
Author(s):  
Qun Le ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Elder Immigrants

Abstract Studies have demonstrated that healthy dietary patterns are related to diminished stress. However, the potential moderation role of acculturation on dietary patterns and stress is unclear among the those whose eating habits are impacted by immigration. The aim of this study is to explore the moderation role of acculturation on dietary patterns and stress among Chinese elder immigrants in the United States. Data were conducted from the PINE Study with 3053 Chinese adults aged over 60 years in the Great Chicago area. Dietary patterns were measured via a 48-items Food-frequency questionnaire with frequency and size weighted. Items were identified into different food groups based on Dietary Guidelines. Acculturation was assessed by a 12-item short-scale among the population. Stress was measured via a 10-item Perceived Stress Scale with cutoff 14 indicating either low or high stress. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the moderation effects on the associations with demographic characteristics, medical comorbidities, and BMI adjusted. After controlling covariates, one unit increasing in fruit consumption (OR: 0.61 (95%CI: 0.52 -0.72)) or coffee (OR: 0.49 (95%CI: 0.36 - 0.67)) was associated with lower odds of stress. However, after adding acculturation as an interaction term, the negative relationship between fruit or coffee consumption with stress was moderated by a higher level of acculturation (fruit: OR: 1.05 (95%CI: 1.02 - 1.08), coffee: OR: 1.05 (95%CI: 1.01 - 1.09) respectively). The associations between dietary patterns and stress may differentiate based on acculturation level among the elder immigrants. Further longitudinal studies should investigate potential causality.

scholarly journals Assessment of eating and lifestyle habits among Polish cosmetology and physiotherapy students

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-163
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Complete Protein ◽  
The Given

Background. Proper nutritional behaviors are one of the most important factors shaping our health, as they influence people's physical and mental state. Good eating habits help prevent many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, some types of cancer, and osteoporosis. The Polish population aged 20-34 years displays improper nutritional behaviors which may put them at risk of developing diet-dependent diseases in the future. There is a need to assess students' lifestyle, including their eating habits, as it would help adapt already existing education programs. Objective. We evaluated and compared eating habits and lifestyle of students studying cosmetology and physiotherapy in association with selected risk factors of civilization diseases. Material and methods. We used a standardized dietary questionnaire evaluating respondents' physical activity, smoking and dietary habits. The obtained results were compared with the recommendations from the Polish food-based dietary guidelines. We evaluated respondents' nutritional status based on their anthropometric measurements such as body weight, body height, hips and waist circumferences and then we estimated their body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR). Results. Students studying cosmetology and physiotherapy obtained on average 5.3 ±1.5 points based on their compliance with the nutritional recommendations. The academic youth did not meet principles of healthy nutrition according to the given recommendations. There were no significant differences in nutrition status between the faculties, except for products that provide complete protein. Conclusions. There is a need to increase nutritional awareness of academic youth, especially students of health-related faculties, because better knowledge on nutrition would help them choose healthier food options.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns, Adherence to the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines, and Ultra-Processed Consumption During the COVID-19 Lockdown in a Sample of Spanish Young Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Francisco López-Gil ◽  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Pedro Juan Tárraga-López ◽  
Javier Brazo-Sayavera
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Community Nutrition ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Mean Compliance

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the dietary patterns, adherence to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines, and the ultra-processed consumption during the COVID-19 lockdown among a Spanish young population aged 3–17 years.Methods: Parents/legal guardians of preschoolers, children, and adolescents aged 3–17 years were enrolled through social networks. The eating habits were assessed by a Food Propensity Questionnaire applied in the ENALIA (Encuesta Nacional de Alimentación en la población Infantil y Adolescente) Spanish survey, which aims to collect food intake information and other data about eating habits on children and adolescents (0–18 years old). Participants were dichotomized following the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines for the Spanish young population offered by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition. The ultra-processed food score was determined following the principles established in the NOVA classification.Results: Data from 604 children and adolescents were included. An association between age group and the recommendations of snacks (p = 0.002), fruits (p = 0.010), and diaries (p < 0.001) was found. Adolescents showed a lower mean compliance with these guidelines than children (p = 0.004) and preschoolers (p < 0.001). Similarly, children reported lower Food-Based Dietary Guidelines than preschoolers (p = 0.015). Regarding ultra-processed consumption, it was also observed a higher intake in adolescents than in children (p = 0.037), as well as in preschoolers (p < 0.001).Conclusions: The associations that were found highlight the low proportion of the young population (especially adolescents) meeting the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines and the high consumption of ultra-processed foods during COVID-19 lockdown.

scholarly journals Designing Optimal Breakfast for the United States Using Linear Programming and the NHANES 2011–2014 Database: A Study from the International Breakfast Research Initiative (IBRI)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Vieux ◽  
Matthieu Maillot ◽  
Colin D. Rehm ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
Nationally Representative

The quality of dietary patterns can be optimized using a mathematical technique known as linear programming (LP). LP methods have rarely been applied to individual meals. The present LP models optimized the breakfast meal for those participants in the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 who ate breakfast (n = 11,565). The Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3) was a measure of diet quality. Breakfasts in the bottom tertile of NRF9.3 scores (T1) were LP-modeled to meet nutrient requirements without deviating too much from current eating habits. Separate LP models were run for children and for adults. The LP-modeled breakfasts resembled the existing ones in the top tertile of NRF9.3 scores (T3), but were more nutrient-rich. Favoring fruit, cereals, and dairy, the LP-modeled breakfasts had less meat, added sugars and fats, but more whole fruit and 100% juices, more whole grains, and more milk and yogurt. LP modeling methods can build on existing dietary patterns to construct food-based dietary guidelines and identify individual meals and/or snacks that need improvement.

scholarly journals Sleep and Diet Patterns During COVID-19 Pandemic Compared to Pre-Pandemic Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 449-449
Author(s):  
Annika Rotvold ◽  
Kelly Parker ◽  
Kerrie Honrath ◽  
Yeong Rhee
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Diet Patterns ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to look at whether the COVID-19 pandemic and containment measures affected the sleeping and eating habits of college students. Methods College students completed a survey that asked questions about their usual sleep and diet patterns, and how these patterns have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and containment measures. These questions were answered on a scale, so when asked about changes in usual sleep patterns, students reported either sleeping fewer hours than usual, the same amount, or more hours. Regarding healthful diet, students reported either a less healthful diet than usual, no change in diet, or a more healthful diet. Students completed the survey in the spring of 2020, shortly following the widespread closures and stay home orders due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27 software. Results One-way ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference in means of reported diet changes among groups reporting changes in amount of sleep (P = 0.008). Further, Tukey's HSD showed that the difference was that students who reported sleeping the same amount as usual were more likely to report no change in diet than students who were sleeping less than usual (P = 0.005). There was also a slight, but significant correlation observed between changes in the amount of sleep and changes in the frequency of waking up during the night (P = 0.026; r = −0.159). Conclusions Students who did not change the amount of time they slept during the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic were more likely not to have changes in their diet either. Funding Sources No funding was used for this research.

More Eggs, Less Sugar: A Sneak Peek into the Latest Dietary Guidelines for Americans

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Darlene Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Dietary Guidelines For Americans

ABSTRACT The 2015 – 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans provides guidance for choosing a healthy diet. There is a focus on preventing and alleviating the effects of diet-related chronic diseases. These include obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and stroke, among others. This article briefly reviews the primary guideline items that can be used to teach patients with respect to improving their diet. Clinical exercise physiologists who work with patients with chronic disease can use these guidelines for general discussions regarding a heart-healthy diet.

“Most of them are junk food but we did put fruit on there and we have water”

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Waddingham ◽  
Stella Stevens ◽  
Kate Macintyre ◽  
Kelly Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Content Type ◽  
School Canteen

Purpose – The Australian Dietary Guidelines support good health and disease prevention. Children with healthy eating habits established early in life have been shown to continue these habits into adulthood compared with those children who have poor eating habits in their younger years. The nutritional intake of many Australian children is not in accordance with the national guidelines. The reasons children make the food choices they do are unclear from the literature. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study used participatory action research methods to explore why primary school-aged children make the food choices that they do. A non-government primary school requested assistance in encouraging their children to make healthier choices from the school canteen menu. The authors gathered opinions from the children in two different ways; a group discussion during class and a “discovery day” that involved four class grades. The authors identified children’s food preferences and food availability in canteens. The authors explored how the children perceived healthy foods, the importance of a healthy food environment and what criteria children use to decide what foods to buy. Findings – Children’s food preferences were mostly for unhealthy foods, and these were readily available in the canteen. The perception about what foods were healthy was limited. Despite being asked to develop a “healthy” menu, the majority of choices made by the children were not healthy. Children described unhealthy choices as preferable because of taste of the food, if it was sugary, if it was quick to eat, available and cheap, the relationship of food and weather, the connection to health conditions and peer dominance. Practical implications – This study suggests that children make their food choices based on simple concepts. The challenge lies around producing healthy options in collaboration with the school community that match the children’s food choice criteria. Originality/value – This paper provides a modern and inspiring whole school approach based on equity and empowerment of the children. Discovering why children make food choices from the children’s perspective will help to present healthy options that will be more appealing for children. The methodology used to uncover why children make their food choices has also provided valuable insight into a study design that could be used to address other childhood research questions. The methodology offers an educative experience while gathering rich information directly from the children. This information can be used by the school to support children to have more control over their health and to develop behaviours to increase their health for the rest of their lives.

scholarly journals Comparison of two exploratory dietary patterns in association with the metabolic syndrome in a Northern German population

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 1364-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janett Barbaresko ◽  
Sabine Siegert ◽  
Manja Koch ◽  
Imke Aits ◽  
Wolfgang Lieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
German Population ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Diet is related to many chronic disease conditions such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We set out to compare behaviour-related with disease-related patterns and their association with the MetS in a German cross-sectional study. A total of 905 participants of a Northern German cohort (aged 25–82 years) completed a FFQ, underwent anthropometric assessments and provided a blood sample. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced-rank regression (RRR) from forty-two food groups. Components of the MetS were used as response variables for the RRR analysis. Simplified patterns comprising ten food groups were generated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of having the MetS across the quartiles of simplified pattern scores. We identified two similar dietary patterns derived by PCA and RRR characterised by high intakes of potatoes, various vegetables, red and processed meat, fats, sauce and bouillon. Comparing simplified patterns, an increased RRR pattern score was associated with a higher OR (2·18, 95 % CI 1·25, 3·81) of having the MetS than an increased PCA pattern score (OR 1·92, 95 % CI 1·21, 3·03). Comparing concordant food groups by both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in legumes, beef, processed meat and bouillon was also positively associated with the prevalence of the MetS after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 1·71, 95 % CI 1·04, 2·79). We identified a behaviour-related pattern that was positively associated with the MetS. The application of both dietary pattern methods may be advantageous to obtain information for designing and realising dietary guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the results.

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