scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THE QUALITY OF THREE TYPES OF YOGURT. THE IMPACT OF TAPIOCA POWDER ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF YOGURT

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Valentina Mădălina MOGA ◽  
◽  
◽  

This research presents a comparison between three types of yogurt: classic yogurt without addition, yogurt with added skimmed milk powder (the most common yogurt additive) and yogurt with tapioca. The aim of the research is to identify whether there are differences between these three products and what is the impact of tapioca powder on the characteristics of yogurt. Experimental determinations were performed such as: sensory analysis, textural analysis, analysis of physical parameters (acidity, lactose content, syneresis).

Author(s):  
Е.В. ТОПНИКОВА ◽  
О.В. ЛЕПИЛКИНА

Современные требования к рациональному питанию обусловливают производство жировых продуктов пониженной калорийности. Однако при их изготовлении производитель сталкивается с проблемами устойчивости процесса маслообразования, формирования структуры и качества продукта, решить которые возможно за счет использования стабилизаторов и эмульгаторов и корректировки режимов работы маслообразователя. С использованием программы онлайн-контроля изменения параметров работы маслообразователя и трансмиссионного электронного микроскопа при увеличении 6600 исследованы процессы формирования структуры и качества сливочного масла с жирностью 55%, выработанного из сливок с добавлением эмульгатора – моно- и диглицеридов жирных кислот в количестве 0,5% и комплексного стабилизатора консистенции на основе гуаровой и ксантановой камедей в количестве 0,2% – образец 1 и сухого обезжиренного молока, добавленного из расчета получения в готовом продукте 7,5% сухих обезжиренных веществ молока, – образец 2. Контрольным образцом было масло «Крестьянское» с жирностью 72,5%. Установлено, что процесс обращения фаз при изготовлении масла пониженной жирности происходит аналогично процессу при изготовлении масла с жирностью 72,5%. К особенностям процесса можно отнести формирование в качестве промежуточной структуры масляного зерна, а также повышение нагрузки на маслообразователь в момент переохлаждения сливок и удлинение продолжительности выхода на стабильный режима работы аппарата. Доказано, что для обеспечения устойчивой структуры продукта удельные затраты мощности должны быть увеличены на 9,8–13,2% при преобразовании сливок со стабилизаторами и эмульгатором (образец 1) и на 2,2–3,5% при преобразовании сливок с добавлением в качестве стабилизатора сухого обезжиренного молока (образец 2). Установлена возможность получения масла пониженной жирности с хорошей консистенцией и пластичностью. Modern requirements for rational nutrition determine the production of low-calorie fat products. However during their manufacture the manufacturer faces with problems of the stability of the butter formation process, the formation of the structure and quality of the product, which can be solved by using stabilizers and emulsifiers and adjusting the operating modes of the butter-forming agent. The processes of forming the structure and quality of butter with a fat content of 55% were studied using the online control program for changing the parameters of the butter-forming machine and transmission electron microscope at a magnification of 6600. Butter samples were developed from cream with the addition of an emulsifier – mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids in an amount of 0,5% and a complex consistency stabilizer based on guar and xanthan gum in an amount of 0,2% – sample 1 and skimmed milk powder added based on the calculation of obtaining 7,5% of skimmed milk solids in the finished product – sample 2. Butter «Krestyanskoe» with a fat content of 72,5% was the control sample. It is established that the process of phase reversal in the manufacture of low-fat butter is similar to the process for traditional types of butter. The formation of an intermediate structure of the butter grain, as well as the increased load on the butter-forming agent at the time of supercooling of cream and the lengthening of the duration of the stable mode of operation of the device can be attributed to the peculiarities of the process. It is proved that to ensure a stable product structure, the specific power consumption should be increased by 9,8–13,2% when converting cream with stabilizers and an emulsifier (sample 1) and by 2,2–3,5% when converting cream with the addition of skimmed milk powder as a stabilizer (sample 2). The possibility of obtaining low-fat butter with a good consistency and plasticity is established.


Author(s):  
Г.О. МАГОМЕДОВ ◽  
И.В. ПЛОТНИКОВА ◽  
Т.А. ШЕВЯКОВА ◽  
В.Е. ПЛОТНИКОВ

Исследовано влияние соотношения рецептурных компонентов на качество и структурно-механические свойства кремовых кондитерских масс с целью оптимизации рецептуры и повышения качества изделий путем замены сахара крахмальной патокой. Образцы кремовых смесей, состоящих из сахарной пудры и жира (С/Ж) (контроль), патоки и жира (П/Ж), сухой патоки и жира (Пс/Ж), с разным соотношением этих компонентов сбивали при температуре 26–27°С и частоте вращения месильных органов 5 с–1 в течение 12 мин. Качество смесей оценивали по изменению объемной массы и структурно-механических показателей – эффективной вязкости и пластической прочности. Установлено, что при охлаждении смесей до 10°С пластическая прочность образца с количественным соотношением компонентов 75/25 смеси П/Ж снижается в 2,8 раза по сравнению с аналогичным показателем образца с тем же количественным соотношением компонентов смеси С/Ж. В образцах с соотношением компонентов 50/50 смесей С/Ж, П/Ж и Пс/Ж конечные значения пластической прочности после выстойки составляли, кПа: 49; 35; 31 соответственно. Определено оптимальное соотношение между сухим компонентом – молоком сухим обезжиренным, патокой и жиром. Установлено, что наилучшими показателями качества обладает образец с содержанием, %: сухого молока 12–14; жира 55–65; патоки 20–30. Объемная масса образца составляет 0,40–0,44 г/см3, пластическая прочность – 37–45 кПа при температуре 30°С. Полученные образцы кондитерских масс обладают улучшенным качеством, пониженными сахароемкостью и калорийностью. The influence of the ratio of formulation components on the quality and structural and mechanical properties of cream confectionery masses in order to optimize the formulation and improve the quality of products by replacing sugar with starch syrup is investigated. Samples of cream mixtures consisting of powdered sugar and fat (S/F) (control), starch syrup and fat (SS/F), dry starch syrup and fat (SSd/F), with a different ratio of these components were beat at a temperature of 26–27°C and a speed of kneading 5 s–1during 12 min. The quality of the mixtures was evaluated by changes in the volume mass and structural and mechanical parameters - effective viscosity and plastic strength. It was found that when cooling the mixtures to 10°C, the plastic strength of the sample with a quantitative ratio of 75/25 components of the mixture SS/F is reduced by 2,8 times compared to the same indicator of the sample with the same quantitative ratio of the components of the mixture S/F. In samples with a component ratio of 50/50 mixtures of S/F, SS/F and SSd/F the final values of plastic strength were, kPa: 49; 35; 31, respectively. The optimal ratio between the dry component – skimmed milk powder, starch syrup and fat is determined. It was found that the best quality indicators has a sample containing, %: milk powder 12–14; fat 55–65; starch syrup 20–30. The volume mass of the sample is 0,40–0,44 g/cm3, plastic strength – 37–45 kPa at a temperature of 30°C. The obtained samples of confectionery mass have improved quality, reduced sugar capacity and caloric content.


2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Lallès ◽  
Gaëlle Boudry ◽  
Christine Favier ◽  
Bernard Sève

High-viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) promotes gastrointestinal disorders, tissue alterations and bacterial overgrowth in pigs. The impact of CMC on intestinal absorptive and secretory physiology is not known. We hypothesised that CMC consumption alters intestinal Na-dependent glucose absorption and stimulates electrogenic chloride secretion. For testing this hypothesis, twenty-four piglets were weaned at 21d of age and pair-fed for 13d a starter diet based on skimmed milk powder and maltodextrin containing cellulose (control) or CMC. Body weight and faecal total aerobe and coliform counts were measured kinetically. At slaughter, digesta were weighed and characterised for viscosity and pH. Gastrointestinal tissues were weighed and sampled for physiology in Ussing chambers, morphometry and enzymology. Glucose absorption tended to be higher (P=0·08) and carbachol-stimulated chloride secretion was lower (P=0·01) with CMC in the small intestine, without changes in the colon. Aerobes were transiently higher at day 7 (P<0·05) but coliform counts remained unchanged (P=0·78) and β-haemoliticEscherichia coliwere virtually absent. Stomach and small-intestinal segments were heavier, and viscosity higher with CMC (0·001<P<0·05). The pH in the stomach was higher, and in the caecum and proximal colon lower with CMC (0·001<P<0·05). Jejunal villus area was slightly reduced with CMC (P<0·05) without effects on enzyme activities (P>0·10). In conclusion, CMC supplementation had pro-absorptive effects on the small intestine, possibly due to the absence of pathogenicE. coliin the present study.


2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Bergmann ◽  
Declan O’Connor ◽  
Andreas Thümmel

Price and volatility transmission effects between European Union (EU) and World skimmed milk powder (SMP) prices, as well as those between both SMP series, soybeans and crude oil prices from 2004 to 2014 were analysed using a vector error correction model combined with a multivariate GARCH model. The results show significant transmission effects between EU and World SMP prices, but no significant transmission effects from soybeans or crude oil to either of the SMP prices. For policymakers and modellers, these results indicate the need to consider World SMP prices when considering EU prices. On the other hand, the finding of no transmission effects from soybean to SMP prices reduces the opportunity for a successful cross-hedging for dairy commodities using well-established soybean derivative markets.


Author(s):  
Shabbir Ahmed ◽  
Most Khairunnesa ◽  
Mst Habiba ◽  
Md Islam ◽  
S Hoque ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naukhaiz Abbas ◽  
Zainab Sharmeen ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Misbah Arshad ◽  
Zargham Mazhar

Peanuts may be consumed in a variety of processed forms like roasted, raw and processed etc. andrepresent as a multimillion dollar crop worldwide with many potential dietary benefits as it contains highprotein and health effective oils. Objective: The present investigation was planned to evaluate thephysio-chemical properties of peanut milk yogurt by the addition of different concentration of peanut milk(0 %, 10 %, 20 % and 30 %), skimmed milk liquid (60 %, 70 %, 80 %, and 90 %), skimmed milk powder (9 %)and sugar (1 %). Methods: The physio-chemical tests (pH, acidity, moisture, ash, fat, protein, syneresis,and viscosity) were examined after every 5 days of interval for a period of 15 days at 4 ºC. Results: Theresults of physio-chemical analysis revealed that pH, ash, fat, protein and viscosity decrease duringstorage period where as acidity, moisture and rate of syneresis increased during storage. Treatment T1(10 % peanut milk) was comparatively best for manufacturing of peanut milk yogurt followed by T2 (20 %peanut milk + 70 % skimmed milk liquid + 9 % skimmed milk powder + 1 % sugar) while peanut milk yogurtfrom (30 % peanut milk + 60 % skimmed milk liquid + 9 % skimmed milk powder + 1 % sugar) had the lowestdegree of firmness. Conclusions: It was noticed that correlation among fat, total solids and proteincontents in peanut milk affect the extent of serum separation and pH of yogurt. The storage hadsignificant effects on all physio-chemical parameters. Treatments had significant effect on all physiochemicalparameters.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 6643-6659
Author(s):  
Muthu Mohamed Jamal Moideen ◽  
Ali Alqahtani ◽  
Krishnaraju Venkatesan ◽  
Fazil Ahmad ◽  
Kalpana Krisharaju ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Kalušević ◽  
Steva Lević ◽  
Bojan Čalija ◽  
Milena Pantić ◽  
Miona Belović ◽  
...  

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