scholarly journals Do Democratic Economies Grow Faster? The Case of Asia vs. the EU

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Barrows
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The dynamics of the five fastest growing GDP per capita economies in Asia and the EU are studied between 2010 and 2014. This time frame was selected in order to avoid the height of the 2008-2009 financial crisis, but to include the stimulus and recovery periods which occurred afterward. The intent was not to compare the recoveries or the impact of the stimulus programs. The intent was to compare the economic growth rates of the two groups and also the absolute per capita income along with five topic areas on economies including: configuration, utilization, investments, demographics, and outcomes. A total of twenty measurements are used for assessment from the World Bank databank website. The findings are that the Asian economies grew faster while the EU economies had a higher per capita income. The workforces of the Asia economies are also younger and more flexible whereas the workforces of the EU economies are older, but more educated. Discussions include the links between effective governments and economic development and the links between democracy and economic levels.

scholarly journals DAMPAK HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN TERHADAP PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN RUMAHTANGGA SEKITAR HUTAN DI KECAMATAN BATUKLIANG UTARA KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Addinul Yakin ◽  
Sukardi Malik ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Syarif Husni
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The North ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita

ABSTRAK Kawasan pegunungan Rinjani, khususnya resort Setiling Batukliang Utara Kabupaten Lombok Tengah memiliki fungsi biologi, ekologis, dan estetika serta sosial-ekonomi bagi masyarakat sekitar hutan. Deforestrasi sering dikaitkan dengan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat sekitar hutan, sehingga dengan diberikannya Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) di wilayah tersebut dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dan menekan kemiskinan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-eksploratif-partisipatif dengan mengkombinasikan studi dokumen, wawancara terstruktur, indepth interview, serta diskusi kelompok terarah (FGD) terbatas. Penelitian dilakukan desa Aik Berik dan Desa Setiling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 40 orang, dengan juga melibatkan tokoh masyarakat di wilayah tersebut. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisa secara deskriptif analisis pendapatan rumahtangga dan pendapatan per kapita yang kemudian digunakan untuk menganalisis tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat berdasarkan tiga standar yang berbeda, yaitu Sajogyo, BPS, dan Bank Dunia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa: 1) rata-rata total pendapatan rumahtangga masyarakat sekitar hutan mencapai Rp. 20.057.950 yang terdiri dari Rp. 13.597.950 (67,79%) dari sektor pertanian  dan Rp. 6.460.000 (32,21%) dari sektor non pertanian dengan pendapatan per kapita sebesar Rp. 4.667.549,- per tahun; 2) berdasarkan kriteria BPS, masyarakat sekitar hutan di kecamatan Batukliang Utara masuk kategori tidak miskin, selanjutnya berdasarkan kriteria Sayogyo menghasilkan kategori hampir miskin, dan Kriteria bank Dunia manghasilkan kategori miskin, sehingga ketiganya memberikan tingkat kesejahteraan yang relatif berbeda; 3) Adanya Hkm telah mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar hutan karena mampu meningkatkan pendapatan per kapita masyarakat sebesar 22,18 persen dan telah mampu mengentaskan kemiskinan 7,5 sampai 22,5 persen. Oleh karena itu disarankan agar perbaikan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar hutan harus dipercepat melalui pola pembinaan dan pengembangan pada bidang-bidang usaha yang menjadi kekuatan utama mereka yaitu kehutanan, peternakan, dan perkebunan serta juga mendorong peningkatan kegiatan perdagangan dan ekonomi produktif skala rumahtangga. ABSTRACT The Rinjani mountain region, especially the North Batukliang Setiling resort of Central Lombok district holds  functions biological, ecological, and aesthetical and socio-economic functions for the community near the forest. Deforestation is often associated with the level of poverty of the community near the forest, so that introduction of  the Community Forest (HKm) in the region may increase people's income and reduce poverty. This research has been carried out using a descriptive-exploratory-participatory method by combining document studies, structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and limited focus group discussions. The research was conducted at the villages of Aik Berik and Setiling with 40 respondents, as well as community leaders in the area. The collected data was analyzed descriptively by analysis of household income and per capita income which was then used to analyze the level of community welfare based on three different standards, namely Sajogyo, BPS, and the World Bank. The results of the study show that: 1) the average total household income of the community near the forest reaches Rp. 20,057,950 consisting of Rp. 13,597,950 (67.79%) from the agricultural sector and Rp. 6,460,000 (32.21%) from the non-agricultural sector with a per capita income of Rp. 4,667,549, - per year; 2) based on BPS criteria, the community around the forest in the North Batukliang sub-district is categorized as not poor, then based on the Sayogyo criteria produces an almost poor category, and the World Bank Criteria produce a poor category, so the three provide relatively different levels of welfare; 3) The presence of Hkm has been able to improve the welfare of the community near the forest because it is able to increase the per capita income of the community by 22.18 percent and has been able to alleviate poverty 7.5 to 22.5 percent. Therefore, it is suggested that the economic improvement of the community near the forest should be accelerated through policy interventions  in business sectors which are on their main strengths, namely forestry, livestock, and plantations, as well as in non agricutural sector such as trade and other economic activities (such as  home agroindustry).

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH ON INEQUALITY IN INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Furqan Ali ◽  
Mohammad Asif
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

The rate of economic growth in India fluctuates with the world economic scenario. The developed countries being economically stable and highly advanced by technology, like U.S.A, France, Germany, Japan, and China faced the problem of economic crises. At the same time, the world comes to fluctuate their efficiency and empowerment to the leadership engagement in stabilizing the economy. In this paper, data taken from the Indian States as per capita income at the state level and compare it with all India average data. The Net State Domestic Product Per Capita Income (NSDPPCI), had taken on a current price for the short period 2011-2012 to 2016-2017. This paper compared the regional variation in state performance and compared the most riches states to inferior ones. The factors which affect economic performance are like stabilize the political stability in the state. We also focus comparison on the different political party announcements of the welfare scheme for the farmers and other poor people living in these states. Another factor like the level of education at states and center level, total population, and its growth rate, the public expenditure on the health sector. We measure income inequality, income distribution with the economic growth of India. KEYWORDS: Economic Growth; Inequality; Income Distribution; Political Stability.

Income-Based Poverty among Non-Farm Households in Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-210
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Service Category ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Per Capita

This paper focuses upon the magnitude of income-based poverty among non-farm households in rural Punjab. Based on the primary survey, a sample of 440 rural non-farm households were taken from 44 sampled villages located in all 22 districts of Punjab.The poverty was estimated on the basis of income level. For measuring poverty, various methods/criteria (Expert Group Criteria, World Bank Method and State Per Capita Income Criterion) were used. On the basis of Expert Group Income criterion, overall, less than one-third of the persons of rural non-farm household categories are observed to be poor. On the basis, 40 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, around three-fourth of the persons of all rural non-farm household categories are falling underneath poverty line. Similarly, the occurrence of the poverty, on the basis of 50 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, showed that nearly four-fifths of the persons are considered to be poor. As per World Bank’s $ 1.90 per day, overall, less than one-fifth of rural non-farm household persons are poor. Slightly, less than one-fourth of the persons are belonging to self-employment category, while, slightly, less than one-tenth falling in-service category. On the basis of $ 3.10 per day criteria, overall, less than two-fifth persons of all rural non-farm household categories were living below the poverty line.

The EU Fiscal Risk Matrix – from government debt to climate liabilities

Studia BAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (67) ◽  
pp. 45-69
Author(s):  
Iustina Alina Boitan ◽  
Kamilla Marchewka-Bartkowiak
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Major Conclusion ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Fiscal Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the article is to identify the main components of government overall liabilities based on the Fiscal Risk Matrix classification introduced by the World Bank in 1999, and to estimate the amount and structure of these liabilities in European Union countries (EU Fiscal Risk Matrix). The climate liabilities definition and methodology included in the EU Fiscal Risk Matrix is also a novelty of the research. The study covered EU member states in the period 2018–2019, taking into account available data from the Eurostat database. On this basis, the EU Fiscal Risk Matrix was developed with the estimated structure of the burden of government liabilities for individual countries and the EU as a whole. The article used statistical and comparative analysis. The major conclusion of our research involves the proposal to implement a unified European methodology of government overall liabilities classification based on the EU Fiscal Risk Matrix to assess the fiscal debt burden and transparency of fiscal policy.

Poverty issues, including the working poverty in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2294-2312
Author(s):  
Tat'yana A. ZHURAVLEVA ◽  
Anastasiya E. ZUBANOVA ◽  
Yuliya S. SOROKVASHINA
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
The State ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Working Poverty ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The poverty of the population with all features and factors of its manifestation causes deep structural problems that affect the development of the national economy. Objectives. The aim of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the poverty of the population category, using statistical data, identification of causes of the gap in the level of salaries of Russian and foreign specialists, determination of factors that have the greatest impact on the development of working poverty in Russia. Methods. The study draws on methods of logical and statistical analysis. Results. We considered approaches to the definition of poverty in Russia and other countries, analyzed absolute and relative poverty in Russia, the impact of subsistence minimum on the definition of poverty, assessed nominal and real incomes of the population. The ratio of the average per capita income of the population and the subsistence minimum decreased over the past decade, however, the poverty was not overcome during this period. The per capita income in Russia turned out to be low, real incomes continue to decline. Due to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, a decline in wages can be traced, both in space and in time. Conclusions. Worsening the poverty situation in the country creates a chain of problems related to the distrust of the State policy in the social and labor spheres, expanded production slowdown, an increase in social tension in the society. A reduction of working poverty should be a priority task for the State.

East and West will divide over new Bosnian viceroy

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
East And West ◽  
Dayton Agreement ◽  
Negative Behaviour ◽  
Roll Out ◽  
The Eu

Significance The summit’s avowed aim was to renew the EU-US ‘Transatlantic partnership’, including committing to upholding the international rules-based order built around the UN. It called for cooperation with Russia in areas of common interest despite its repeated “negative behaviour”. Such strains include Russia’s opposition to appointing a new high representative for Bosnia. Impacts Vucic’s call for regular reports from the high representative recognises his legitimacy while asserting Serbian interest in BiH. Croatian President Zoran Milanovic’s support for the 1995 Dayton agreement weakens outside backing for Bosnian Croat separatism. The World Bank has left its growth forecast for BiH unchanged from January, provided vaccine roll-out accelerates.

Role of economic reforms on dismantling barriers to inter-state migration in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
Sunetra Ghatak ◽  
Debajit Jha
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
The Common ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Linguistic Divide ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inter State

Traditionally inter-state migration in India was limited compared to within state migration. Economic reforms in the early 1990s have boosted inter-state migration in the country. Hence, it is important to understand the impact of economic reforms on the determinants of inter-state migration. Recent studies have identified that state border; linguistic divide and per capita income play an important role in determining the location of inter-state migration in India. In this paper, we tried to understand the impact of economic reforms on the choice of the location of inter-state migration in the country by using a gravity model framework. We found that while the impact of per capita income difference has increased in the post-reform period, the impact of the common-border has declined. Moreover, the impact of the linguistic divide has initially increased after reforms.

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