scholarly journals Self-Empowerment of Female Students in Prevention of Osteoporosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Sharifi ◽  
Fereshteh Majlessi
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Descriptive Survey

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Osteoporosis is a chronic disease affecting society, particularly women and girls. Osteoporosis is a chronic, multifactorial disease, which is currently prevalent as the life expectancy and aging population is increasing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate self-empowerment (knowledge, attitudes, life skills and self-efficacy) of female students for prevention of osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> This study used a descriptive survey. Participants included 60 female students of Islamic Azad University, Sharekord. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire measuring self-empowerment for prevention of osteoporosis. In addition to descriptive indicators, t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze data by SPSS software.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Self-empowerment of female students, including attitude, social skills and self-efficacy, is optimal for prevention of osteoporosis. The mean of these three components is significantly higher than the assumed mean (3). However, their knowledge is not optimal. There is no significant difference in frequency of correct and incorrect responses.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Female students do not have adequate knowledge for prevention of osteoporosis and require training in this area.</p>

scholarly journals Facial Profile Shape, Malocclusion and Palatal Morphology in Malay Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Banabilh ◽  
A. R. Samsudin ◽  
A. H. Suzina ◽  
Sidek Dinsuhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in facial profile shape, malocclusion class, or palatal morphology in Malay adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Materials and Methods: Subjects were 120 adult Malays aged 18 to 65 years (mean ± standard deviation [SD], 33.2 ± 13.31) divided into two groups of 60. Both groups underwent clinical examination and limited channel polysomnography (PSG). The mean OSA and control values were subjected to t-test and the chi square test. Results: Physical examination showed that 61.7% of the OSA patients were obese, and 41.7% of those obese patients had severe OSA. The mean body mass index (BMI) was significantly greater for the OSA group (33.2 kg/m2 ± 6.5) than for the control group (22.7 kg/m2 ± 3.5; P &lt; .001). The mean neck size and systolic blood pressure were greater for the OSA group (43.6 cm ± 6.02; 129.1 mm Hg ± 17.55) than for the control group (35.6 cm ± 3.52; 114.1 mm Hg ± 13.67; P &lt; .001). Clinical examination showed that the most frequent findings among OSA groups when compared with the control group were convex profiles (71.7%), Class II malocclusion (51.7%), and V palatal shape (53.3%), respectively; the chi square test revealed a significant difference in terms of facial profile and malocclusion class (P &lt; .05), but no significant difference in palatal shape was found. Conclusion: The null hypothesis is rejected. A convex facial profile and Class II malocclusion were significantly more common in the OSA group. The V palatal shape was a frequent finding in the OSA group.

scholarly journals Sonographic gallbladder wall thickness in normal adult population in Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mohammed ◽  
A Tahir ◽  
A Ahidjo ◽  
Z Mustapha ◽  
Franza O
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the ultrasonic gallbladder wall thickness in normal adult Nigerians so as to create standards for defining gallbladder abnormalities in Nigerians. Method. Four hundred adults comprising 228 (57%) women and 172 (43%) men aged 16 - 78 years, who had normal clinical history and physical findings, were recruited. The gallbladder wall thickness was obtained in the supine, prone and right anterior oblique positions. Differences in gallbladder wall thickness were determined using the chi-square test, while the relationship between the ultrasound-measured gallbladder wall thickness and the subjects’ age, sex, height and weight were analysed using the Pearson product moment correlation. Normal ranges and related statistics were estimated and tabulated according to age group and sex. Results. The mean age of the subjects was 32±13.2 years. The mean gallbladder wall thickness range was 1.8 - 2.8 mm±0.5mm. The thickness range for females was 1.7 - 2.7 mm±0.5 mm, and that for males was 1.9 - 2.9 mm±0.5 mm. There was a statistically significant difference (p

scholarly journals Palatal Rugae Pattern in Nepalese Subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipshikha Bajracharya ◽  
Anisha Vaidya ◽  
Sunaina Thapa ◽  
Sujita Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Palatal Rugae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gender Groups

Objective: To determine the number and pattern of palatal rugae in Nepalese subjects and to find the association of gender with the number and pattern of palatal rugae. Materials & Method: 200 Nepalese subjects comprising of 100 male and 100 female were randomly selected and their maxillary casts were examined for the palatal rugae length applying the classification proposed by Thomas and Kotze and palatal rugae pattern was recorded using the classification given by Kapali. Statistical analysis using Student t-test was applied for comparing the number of palatal rugae between right and left sides. Chi square test was used to find the association between gender and number of rugae as well as the pattern. Result: The study demonstrated that the mean number of primary palatal rugae on left side was predominant, similarly wavy pattern was the most predominant in Nepalese subjects. No statistical significant difference was noticed in the palatal rugae number and pattern between the gender groups. Conclusion: The study found predominant palatal form in Nepalese subjects which might have superior effectiveness in population differentiation and may be used as an effective tool in forensic odontology identification.  

scholarly journals Randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride in arresting caries in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. e226341
Author(s):  
Moses Okechukwu Azouru ◽  
Modupe Olufunmilayo Ashiwaju ◽  
Augustine Edomwonyi ◽  
Afolabi Oyapero ◽  
Bola Obisesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Treatment of dental caries in children still remains challenging due to lack of cooperation with conventional treatment modalities. Recently, the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) has proved useful in addressing this challenge. Aim: This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) in arresting caries in children in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a phase III balanced randomized controlled school based interventional study on 240 children. The study group was treated with SDF while GIC was used in the control group. Follow up visits in 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months were carried out to assess the treatment outcome. Inferential statistics with the use of Pearson Chi-square test and Independent Student t-test were used at 5% level of significance. Results: There was significant relationship between SDF and caries arrest in 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months’ assessment period (p = 0.001). The control group showed continuous decline (71.7%, 54.3% and 50.9%) in restorative success from 2 weeks to 3 months respectively. The mean ± SD and Confidence Interval (CI) of arrested caries in the SDF group were 113± 1.24 and 113.1 – 113.5 respectively. In the control group the mean ± SD and CI of restorative success were 69.3±11.8 and 67.2 – 71.4. The effect size was 5.24. Conclusion: The result of the study showed that SDF was effective in arresting caries in children without any harm and there was statistically significant difference in the use of 38% SDF in arresting caries in children.

scholarly journals Agreement between Impression of Stroke in the Emergency Department and Diagnosis at the Neurology Department

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Samad Shams-Vahdati ◽  
Alireza Ala ◽  
Eliar Sadeghi-Hokmabad ◽  
Neda Parnianfard ◽  
Maedeh Gheybi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prevention Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Academic Teaching Hospital ◽  
The Mean

Background: Missing to detect an ischemic stroke in the emergency department leads to miss acute interventions and treatment with secondary prevention therapy. Our study examined the diagnosis of stroke in the emergency department (ED) and neurology department of an academic teaching hospital. Methods and Materials: A retrospective chart review was performed from March 2017 to March 2018. ED medical document (chart) were reviewed by a stroke neurologist to collect the clinical diagnosis and characteristics of ischemic stroke patients. For determining the cases of misdiagnosed and over diagnosed data, the administrative data codes were compared with the chart adjudicated diagnosis. The adjusted estimate of effect was estimated through testing the significant variables in a multivariable model. The comparisons were done with chi square test. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05. Results: Of 861 patients of the study, 54% were males and 43% were females; and the mean age of them was 66.51 ± 15.70. We find no statically significant difference between patient’s Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in the emergency department (12.87±3.25) and patients GCS in the neurology department (11.77±5.15). There were 18 (2.2%) overdiagnosed of ischemic stroke, 8 (0.9%) misdiagnosed of ischemic stroke and 36 (4.1%) misdiagnosed of hemorrhagic strokes in the emergency department. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between impression of stroke in the emergency department and diagnosis at the neurology department.

Preoperative Gabapentin Administration and Its Impact on Postoperative Opioid Requirement and Pain in Sinonasal Surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982095280
Author(s):  
Amarbir S. Gill ◽  
Farrukh R. Virani ◽  
Joshua C. Hwang ◽  
Machelle D. Wilson ◽  
Angela M. Beliveau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sinonasal Outcome Test ◽  
The Mean

Objective To determine the efficacy of preoperative gabapentin on patient-reported pain levels and postoperative opioid requirements following sinonasal surgery. Study Design Retrospective review. Setting Academic institution. Methods Patients undergoing sinonasal surgery between July 2019 and January 2020 were followed. Groups were divided into those that received 600 mg of oral gabapentin 1 hour preoperatively (gabapentin) and those that did not (control). Postoperatively, each patient was counseled to use acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and oxycodone as needed for pain control. Patients completed a daily postoperative pain and medication log. Pain was measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) and opioid use by morphine equivalent dose (MED). Chi-square test and Wilcoxon test were used for data analysis. Results Fifty-seven patients were included (control, n = 28; gabapentin, n = 29). There was no significant difference in age, sex, or baseline Sinonasal Outcome Test–22 scores between the groups. The total MED, postoperative day (POD) 1-2 MED, POD 3-4 MED, and POD 5-6 MED did not differ significantly between the control (17.9, 12.2, 4.6, 1.5) and gabapentin (19.0, 8.9, 7.2, 3.5) groups ( P = .98, .25, .16, .44). The mean daily VAS score did not differ significantly between the control (3.1) and gabapentin (2.8) groups ( P = .81). The mean daily VAS score decreased significantly in both groups with each successive POD ( P = .004). Conclusion Preoperative gabapentin did not significantly reduce postoperative pain or opioid use. Postoperative discomfort following sinonasal surgery is mild, and opioid intake is minimal.

scholarly journals Relationship between self-efficacy and life satisfaction according to exercise participation in obese female university students

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turhan Toros ◽  
İnci Kesilmiş ◽  
İbrahim Başhan
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
Obese Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and life satisfaction according to exercise participation in obese female university students. The sample of the study consisted of over 18 age 145 obese (BMI≥30) that were regularly exercising for at least 4 days, 90 minutes in a week for 6 mounts and 136 obese sedentary (BMI≥30). The mean age was (20.69 ± 1.84) for obese female students who participated regular exercise and (20.19 ± 1.49) for obese female university students who was sedentary. “General Self-Efficacy Scale” that originally developed by Sherer et al. (1982) and adapted to Turkish by Yıldırım and İlhan (2010) and “Life Satisfaction Scale” that originally developed by Diener et al. (1985) and adapted to Turkish by Yetim (1991) were used for measurement. For statistical analysis, The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine whether the scores were normally distributed. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t test and pearson correlation analysis were also applied. There was statistically significant difference for the mean life satisfaction (t = 7.68, p <.05) but there was no statistically significant difference for the mean self-efficacy (t = 1.17; p> .05) between two groups according to the t test results. There was a significant positive correlation between life satisfaction and total self-efficacy scores (r = .551**). As a result, there was significant difference in life satisfaction between two groups. Obese female students with high self-efficacy perceptions may be aware of their abilities and thus rely on their abilities. In this case, it can be concluded that they are happy and generally enjoy life.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Indian Endodontists in Rotary Endodontics to Pubmed Database, from 2000-2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1878-1881
Author(s):  
Sathish Abraham ◽  
Disha Lalit Mehta ◽  
Shashidhar C. Bellad ◽  
Sayli Patil ◽  
Aradhana Babu Kamble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Author State ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Advanced Search ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software

AIM: This study aimed at assessing the trends of publications of Indian Endodontists in the field of rotary Endodontics in the PubMed database from 2000-2017. METHODS: The date of publication was set from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2017, wherein keywords entered in the advanced search were “Indian” AND “Dental” AND “Rotary Endodontics”. From the collected articles the following criteria were noted: year of publication, the name of the journal, status of the journal, name of the first author, state of origin and the rotary Endodontic file system used. RESULTS: All data was subjected for statistical analysis by SPSS software version 16. The data were subjected to chi-square test, and a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was obtained in the inter-6 yearly interval starting from 2000-2017; in the status of the journal; the state of origin and in the generation of rotary files which were published during the study period. CONCLUSION: The plethora of publications by Indian Conservative Dentists and Endodontists is on the rise, and with the advent of better technology a greater interest in the mechanics and properties of these rotary file systems has invoked greater research work.

scholarly journals Evaluation of YouTube videos for patients’ education on periradicular surgery

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261309
Author(s):  
Ahmed Jamleh ◽  
Mohannad Nassar ◽  
Hamad Alissa ◽  
Abdulmohsen Alfadley
Keyword(s):  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Usefulness Score ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Dental Professionals

The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of periradicular surgery-related YouTube videos available for patients’ education. YouTube search was made for videos related to periradicular surgery using specific terms. After exclusions, 42 videos were selected, viewed and assessed by two independent observers. The videos were assessed in terms of duration, days since upload, country of upload, number of views, likes and dislikes, authorship source, viewing rate and interaction index. To grade the content of videos about periradicular surgery, a usefulness score was created with 10 elements based mainly on the American Association of Endodontists guidelines. Each element was given a score of 0 or 1. SPSS software (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) was used to analyze data at a 95% confidence level. An inter-evaluator reliability analysis for the scoring system was performed using the Kappa statistic. The videos received an average of 35103.9 views (range: 9–652378) with an average duration of 338.71 seconds (range: 42–2081), respectively. Most videos were provided by individuals (57%). Half of the videos were posted by authors from the United States. The inter-evaluator reliability for usefulness scoring was 94.5%. No video covered the 10 scoring elements completely, presenting very low usefulness scores (mean: 3.2; range: 1–7). The most discussed elements were supporting media (100%) and steps of the procedure (90.5%) followed by indications and contraindications (45.2%) and symptoms (31%). None of the included videos discussed the procedure’s cost or prognosis. In terms of usefulness score, no significant difference was detected between different sources of upload (chi-square test, P > 0.05). Information on periradicular surgery in YouTube videos is not comprehensive and patients should not rely on YouTube as the only source of information. Dental professionals should enrich the content of YouTube with good quality videos by providing full and evidence-based information that will positively affect patients’ attitudes and satisfaction.

scholarly journals Association between HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism and recurrent spontaneous abortion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Mazdapour ◽  
Mahmood DehghaniAshkezari ◽  
SeyedMorteza Seifati
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Infertile Woman ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software

Introduction: Recurrent spontaneous abortion is defined as the occurrence of more than two clinical miscarriages in one woman. Several factors, including endocrine irregularities, genetics and environmental factors, are involved in this kind of infertility.The aim of this study was to survey the association of HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism with the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion in our population. Methods: In the present case-control study, the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism was investigated in 70 infertile woman and 100 healthy participants using PCR-RFLP methods. Then, the data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 and also were compared using Chi-square test and Logistic regression model. The p-value was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Results: Our results showed significant association between the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism and recurrent spontaneous abortion (OR=0.143, 95% CI=0.056-0.368; p<0.0001). Our findings showed that T allele frequency in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion had significant difference compared to the control group (OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.11-0.4; p<0.0001). Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that the HOXA10 (rs267601473) polymorphism is significantly associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion in our population.

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