scholarly journals The Impact of Culture on Business Negotiation Styles: A Comparative Study between Bangladesh and China

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Shen Gangyi ◽  
Md Rakibul Hoque ◽  
Peng Zhangwen
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Business Negotiation ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Business Executives ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Trade Partner ◽  
The Impact

The People’s Republic of Bangladesh is an emerging and booming trade partner with different countries especially with the People’s Republic of China. China achieved a double-digit GDP which is a remarkable economic record or milestone. A long-term win-win business relationship between Bangladesh and China is being sustained and through this relationship a significant number of business dealings have been made each and every year. One of the greatest challenges that Bangladeshi and Chinese business executives are facing in international business is effective communication with their counterparts during the negotiations. This study aims at investigating the impact of culture in negotiation styles – accommodation, collaboration, competition, compromise and withdrawal. Business executives were the targeted population for this study. About 50 business executives from Bangladesh and 40 Chinese business executives working in Bangladesh were selected for the study. Data has been analyzed by SPSS software. The finding shows that both groups have international business experiences and have completed successful negotiations before. Accommodation, competition, and withdrawal negotiation styles are affected by culture and other two styles – compromise and collaboration – are not affected by culture. Hofstede’s cultural dimension index also supports these hypotheses. The findings of this study will help both Chinese and Bangladeshi business executives to achieve successful negotiations.

Do patient and proxy agree? Long-term changes in multiple sclerosis physical impact and walking ability on patient-reported outcome scales

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1616-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith M Sonder ◽  
Lisanne J Balk ◽  
Libertje VAE Bosma ◽  
Chris H Polman ◽  
Bernard MJ Uitdehaag
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Impact Scale ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Proxy Responses ◽  
Physical Impact ◽  
The Impact

Background: Patient-reported outcome scales (PROs) are useful in monitoring changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) over time. Although these scales are reliable and valid measures in longitudinal studies in MS patients, it is unknown what the impact is when obtaining longitudinal data from proxies. Objective: The objective of this paper is to compare longitudinal changes in patient and proxy responses on PROs assessing physical impact of MS and walking ability. Methods: In a prospective observational study, data on the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29 physical) and Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12) were obtained from 137 patient-proxy couples at baseline and at two-year follow-up. Demographic and disease-related variables explaining agreement or disagreement between patients and proxies were investigated using linear regression analyses. Results: Full agreement was found in 56% (MSIS) and 62% (MSWS) of the patient-proxy couples. Complete disagreement was very rare for both scales (2% MSIS, 5% MSWS). When patients were more positive than proxies, a higher age, longer disease duration, longer patient-proxy relationship and increased levels of depression, anxiety and caregiver burden in proxies were observed. Conclusion: In the majority of the patient-proxy couples there was agreement. Proxies can serve as a valuable source of information, but caution remains essential when using scores from proxies.

scholarly journals Guanxi, Trust, and Long-Term Orientation in Chinese Business Markets

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Y. Lee ◽  
Philip L. Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Business Markets ◽  
Latent Construct ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This research focuses on buying firms’ trust in a supplier's salesperson and posits that this type of trust is determined by characteristics of the salesperson, the interpersonal relationships between a salesperson and the buying firm's boundary personnel, and characteristics of personal interactions between these two parties. More important, the authors discuss the concept of interpersonal relationships in the context of Chinese culture and model it as a three-dimensional latent construct, which, in some literature, is called guanxi. A key aspect of this research is that the authors investigate the impact of each dimension of guanxi on salesperson trust separately. Moreover, the authors consider the buying firm's trust in the supplying firm and its long-term orientation toward the supplier the consequences of salesperson trust. To test the model, the authors use data collected from 128 buying organizations in Hong Kong. The sampled firms are from both the government and private sectors.

Not Only Individualism: The Effects of Long-Term Orientation and Other Cultural Variables on National Innovation Success

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bukowski ◽  
Seweryn Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Support ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Cultural Predictors ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Single Pattern ◽  
The Impact

This article re-examines the effects of culture on national innovation rates. Pointing to the innovation success of some East Asian countries, it argues that the cultural dimension of individualism is not able to fully account for the role of culture in national innovativeness, and there is a need to include a wider set of cultural factors in the analysis. Several competing measures of national innovation performance over the last decade and Hofstede’s measures of culture, as well as their recently revised versions proposed by Minkov and collaborators, are employed to test the hypotheses. The findings show that, apart from individualism, long-term orientation, and flexibility, the dimensions omitted in the prior studies are positive and strong cultural predictors of national innovation intensity, whereas the role of other cultural factors finds little empirical support. The study suggests that there is no single pattern for the impact of culture on national innovation rates that should be taken into account in seeking effective innovation strategies and policies. It also highlights the need to advance the understanding of the causal mechanism between culture and innovativeness to guide further theoretical and empirical analysis.

Cross-Border E-Commerce Security Issues and Protections

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-119
Author(s):  
Sumaiya Thaseen ◽  
Aswani Kumar Cherukuri ◽  
Aarshitha Kopparapu ◽  
Gopika Velu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Market Share ◽  
International Business ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Target Segment ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
The Impact

E-commerce enables brands to reach their customers globally anytime they want to shop and provide convenience to the busy and demanding customer. These days, cross-border e-commerce is accelerating faster compared to domestic e-commerce. Cross-border e-commerce is considered to be a separate body which has its own budget and resource allocation. It focuses on new opportunities that help in gaining market share and sales. This can result in lower marketing costs in the long-term. India contributes 0.8% of a $600 billion global cross-border e-commerce market. Thus, this is an enormous target segment that exporters can focus to expand their international business. There are numerous advantages of cross-border e-commerce, which will be discussed in detail in this chapter. This chapter discusses the meaning of GDPR, the subjects of GDPR, and the effects of GDPR on individuals and organizations. This chapter also states the impact of GDPR on different fields and technologies. In addition, the major cross-border e-commerce security issues are analyzed, and optimal solutions are discussed.

scholarly journals Globalization’s Impact on the Usages of Imported and Local Building Materials in Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 971-975
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Local Materials

The process of choosing building materials is an essential part of the design process. Whenever architects and interior designers start to think about a project, one of the first things they consider is the materials that will be used in the production of the project. There is little research exploring the impact of globalization on the level of using imported and local building materials in Jordan. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the impact of globalization on the level of using imported and local building materials in Jordan and explore the impact of using imported building materials on the level of using local building materials in Jordan. For the purpose of this study, data gathered about the usage of imported building materials in Jordan and analyzed to observe any drops of rises of using specific building materials. Also, this data was used to understand the most common imported building materials used. This study requires a total understanding of the relationship between globalization and building materials and their impact on the economy and the usage of imported and local building materials. comprehension of this relationship will make it possible to find solutions to integrate the use of imported building materials and local materials. Globalization impact can be observed in other sectors in Jordan. The building materials market is being affected by the phenomenon of globalization. It was found that there is a noticeable increase in imported building materials or raw materials that are needed to manufacture building materials. If the attitude toward the usage of local building materials in Jordan keep decreases and relying on imported building materials in the construction section, there will be a recession in the local building materials in Jordan. Having this recession will have a greater impact on the building materials and local factories in the long term.

Comparative Cross Cultural Study of Indian Managers' Perspectives On Doing International Business in Bedouin And Guanxi Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
International Business ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Doing Business

The purpose of this research article is to comparatively study Indian firms' international cultural challenges of doing business in Bedouin and Chinese business cultures. In this research, the author based on in-depth exploratory qualitative personal interview with 22 Indian international business experts and explores the cultural nuances of international business operations. Specifically, the author content analyses and prepare a comparative analysis (similarities and dissimilarities) of Indian business culture with Bedouin and Chinese business culture. This article thus contributes to international business strategy (IBS) literature centric to Indian firms from a cultural dimension. Comparative analysis on Trompenaar's cultural dimensions, Hofstede's cultural dimensions, CAGE distances and EPRG aspects highlight the challenges of doing business for Indian business managers in Bedouin and Chinese business culture. This would help Indian business managers to take steps to improve international business expansion in China and The Gulf countries. This is one of the first comparative analysis of Indian firms' international expansion difficulties in Bedouin and Chinese business culture.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Long-Term Care: the Essential Role of Family Caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Whitney Hindmarch ◽  
Gwen McGhan ◽  
Kristin Flemons ◽  
Deirdre McCaughey
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Background Those most at risk from severe COVID-19 infection are older adults; therefore, long-term care (LTC) facilities closed their doors to visitors and family caregivers (FCGs) during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common chronic health condition among LTC residents is dementia, and persons living with dementia (PLWD) rely on FCGs to maintain their care provision. This study aims to evaluate the impact of visitor restrictions and resulting loss of FCGs providing in-person care to PLWD in LTC during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method An online survey and follow-up focus groups were conducted June to September 2020 (n=70). Mixed quantitative (descrip­tive statistics) and qualitative (thematic analysis) methods were used to evaluate study data. Results FCGs were unable to provide in-person care and while al­ternative communication methods were offered, they were not always effective. FCGs experienced negative outcomes including social isolation (66%), strain (63%), and reduced quality of life (57%). PLWD showed an increase in responsive behaviours (51%) and dementia progression. Consequently, 85% of FCGs indicated they are willing to undergo specialized training to maintain access to their PLWD. Conclusion FCGs need continuous access to PLWD they care for in LTC.

scholarly journals An International Investigation of the Institutional Factors Driving Sustainability Assurance

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh ◽  
Zeeshan Mahmood ◽  
Abu Bakar Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Stakeholder Orientation ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Sustainability Disclosure ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of various factors associated with the adoption of sustainability assurance. Our objective is to find out the impact of country-level institutional factors (stakeholder orientation, voice and accountability, rule of law, investors’protection and long-term orientation) on sustainability assurance. Extant literature is scarce at country-level and specifically does not address the impact of cultural-orientation on sustainability assurance. This paper fills the gap and focuses on the cultural dimension (long-term orientation) in addition to other country-level institutional factors. Companies listed on the Sustainability Disclosure Database (http://database.globalreporting.org) constitute the population for this study. We filtered companies of large size from sustainability-sensitive industries which produced GRI-based reports in the year 2017. Our final sample comprised 196 companies from 41 countries. Using linear regression model, our results suggest that companies that are located in countries with weaker investor protections, greater rule of law, greater voice and accountability, and long-term orientation are more likely to adopt sustainability assurance whereas companies that are located in stakeholder-oriented countries are less likely to adopt sustainability assurance. This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence of the impact of cultural dimensions on sustainability assurance. Future research can explore other dimensions of culture and their impact on sustainability assurance.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the Introduction of Digital Technologies by International Business

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (513) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
I. V. Shkodinа ◽  
◽  
T. V. Serdyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Digital Gap ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The article is aimed at analyzing the peculiarities of the introduction of digital technologies by the international business in the conditions of COVID-19. Based on the analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on the introduction of digital technologies by the international business, the authors concluded that the crisis, on the one hand, slowed down the financing of some investment projects, but, on the other hand, it stimulated the implementation of projects related to the digitalization of international business (5G, start-up factories, the Internet of Things, robotics and blockchain). There was an increase in financing for projects related to remote work, virtual cooperation instruments, mobile devices, security programs. In the long term, COVID-19 will exacerbate the problem of digital gap between both countries and businesses and among the population. It is concluded that the Big Tech’s digital innovations increase the profitability of tech giants, and flows of cheap liquidity (as a means of countering COVID-19) lead to the formation of a new bubble in the market (P/E is close to 75). After the pandemic, traditional business will resume, but the digital gap will increase and remain a major economic and social problem. To solve these problems, it is imperative to improve the State-based regulation.

Effect of long-term orientation on voluntary security actions

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Aurigemma ◽  
Thomas Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Security Problem ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the impact an individual’s long-term orientation (a cultural dimension) has on their attitude, behavioral intention and actual voluntary security actions taken in the context of the dangers related to poor account access management.Design/methodology/approachThe paper relied upon survey data and actual usage information from a culturally diverse sample of 227 individuals who were introduced to the specific security problem and the accepted solution of using a password manager application.FindingsThe paper provides empirical evidence that the effect of positive attitudes increased when individuals were more long-term oriented, but the effect was reversed for average/negative attitudes toward the voluntary security behavior. Furthermore, participants with high long-term orientation and strong positive attitudes toward the security action actually adopted password manager applications 57 per cent more than the average adoption rate across the sample.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the research approach (survey data), security context and sample population, the research results may lack generalizability.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that security awareness messaging and training should account for differences in long-term orientation of the target audience and integrate the distinctly different types of messages that have been shown to improve an individual’s participation in voluntary security actions.Originality/valueThe paper addresses previous research calls for examining possible cultural differences that impact security behaviors and is the only study that has focused on the impact of long-term orientation, specifically on voluntary security actions.

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