scholarly journals Attentional Biases in Processing Emotional Facial Expressions: Effects of State Anxiety, Trait Anxiety and Awareness

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Anxiety Trait

The Effect of Dream Anxiety on Sleep Quality in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 380-389
Author(s):  
Haluk Tarik Kani ◽  
Ayse Sakalli Kani ◽  
Uzay Dural ◽  
Emre Basgoze ◽  
Cagri Aksu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
First Time

Introduction: Declining sleep quality is a well-known issue in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but dream characteristics of patients with IBD and their role in sleep quality are unknown. In this study, we aimed to examine whether and how patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) differ on sleep quality, sleepiness level, and dream anxiety (DA) level compared to healthy controls (HC), controlling for their depressive and anxious tendencies. Methods: Patients and HCs were enrolled prospectively into the study. The Van DA Scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Beck Depression Index, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventories were used to assess DA, sleep quality, sleepiness, depression, and anxiety, respectively. Results: Patients with IBD had significantly lower depression (p = 0.004), state anxiety (p = 0.0001), trait anxiety (p = 0.004), and DA (p = 0.0001) than HCs. Although no statistically significant difference in sleep quality was found (p = 0.99), daytime sleepiness was more common in HCs than in IBD patients (p = 0.0001). No statistically significant difference was seen in depression, state anxiety, trait anxiety, DA, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness between patients with CD and those with UC. No correlation was found between disease activity indices and psychological parameters. Conclusion: In contrast to previous studies, this study found lower anxiety and depression levels in patients with IBD than in HCs. Moreover, DA score was higher in HCs. For the first time, we revealed that DA may be one of the factors leading to sleep disturbance in patients with IBD.

Effects of Visuo-motor Behavior Rehearsal, Relaxation, and Imagery on Karate Performance

1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Weinberg ◽  
Thomas G. Seabourne ◽  
Allen Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Anxiety Trait

The present investigation attempted to determine whether imagery combined with relaxation (VMBR) is more effective in facilitating karate performance than either imagery or relaxation alone. Each subject (N = 32) was randomly assigned to either a VMBR, relaxation, imagery, or attention-placebo control condition in a one-way design. During the first day of the karate class (which met twice a week), each group was individually provided with an explanation of how to practice their assigned strategy at home. Trait anxiety tests were administered at the beginning and the end of the 6-week test period. In addition, performance tests were administered at the end of the testing period along with precompetitive state anxiety. Trait anxiety results indicated that all subjects displayed a reduction in trait anxiety over the course of the testing period. State anxiety results indicated that the VMBR and relaxation groups exhibited lower levels of state anxiety than the imagery and attention-control groups. Performance was broken down into three subareas which consisted of skill, combinations, and sparring (actual competition). Results only showed an effect for sparring, with VMBR group exhibiting better performance than all other groups.

Relationship between Private Self-Consciousness and Anxiety Scores in Threatening Situations

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Wells
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
Threatening Situation

The present study explored the hypothesis that, when facing a threatening situation persons high in dispositional self-focus will exhibit higher state-anxiety than persons low in dispositional self-focus. It was predicted that dispositional self-focus is positively correlated with trait-anxiety and in a threatening situation is associated with increased ‘worry.’ The relation between the experience of anxiety and the direction of attention was investigated using the private self-consciousness subscale as a measure of dispositional self-focus. 64 undergraduate male and female students scored high on a measure of state-anxiety prior to a course examination. Women had significantly higher state-anxiety scores than men. Significant correlations were found for private self-consciousness with state-anxiety, trait-anxiety, and ‘worry.’ These results are discussed in relation to the experience of anxiety.

scholarly journals ingkat Kecemasan Pasien Post Operasi yang Mengalami Fraktur Ekstremitas

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seviya Gani Maisyaroh ◽  
Urip Rahayu ◽  
Siti Yuyun Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
School Level ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety

Kecemasan merupakan salah satu masalah psikologis yang dialami oleh pasien fraktur ekstremitas setelah dilakukannya pembedahan. Kecemasan yang tidak teratasi akan berdampak pada lamanya proses penyembuhan, akan tetapi data kecemasan pasien post operasi masih belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan pasien post operasi fraktur ekstremitas berdasarkan karakteristik pasien. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 46 orang yang diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Tingkat kecemasan dikategorikan menjadi ringan, sedang, dan berat. didapatkan bahwa state anxiety paling banyak berada pada tingkat sedang 54,3% dan trait anxiety paling banyak berada pada tingkat ringan 60,9%. Terdapat 46,4% responden yang memiliki state anxiety sedang berasal dari trait anxiety ringan. Berdasarkan karakteristik baik pada state anxiety ataupun trait anxiety, kecemasan berat dialami oleh pasien usia dewasa awal, perempuan, berpendidikan terakhir SMP dan SMA, bekerja sebagai pegawai swasta, belum pernah menjalani operasi sebelumnya, lokasi fraktur pada bagian ekstremitas bawah, dan merasakan nyeri sedang. Kondisi post operasi fraktur ekstremitas menjadi faktor yang dapat memengaruhi kecemasan. Terlihat dari pasien yang memiliki state anxiety yang sedang, memiliki trait anxiety yang ringan. Maka disarankan bagi perawat untuk melakukan pengkajian dan penanganan kecemasan terhadap state anxiety dan trait anxiety.Kata kunci: Fraktur ekstremitas, post operasi, state anxiety, trait anxiety.Anxiety Levels of Patients with Extremity Fractures after SurgeryAbstractAnxiety is one of the psychological problems experienced by patients with extremity fractures after undergoing surgery. Anxiety that is not managed well will have an impact on the recovery process. However, anxiety in patients with extremity fractures is not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the anxiety level of patients with extremity fractures after surgery based on the patients’ characteristics. This study used descriptive quantitative method. Fourty six patients were recruited in this study by consecutive sampling technique. The data was collected by STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) quetionnaires. Anxiety levels were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. The results showed that 54.3% of patients experienced state anxiety at a moderate level, and 60.9% had trait anxiety at a mild level. There were 46.4% of the patients whose moderate state anxiety originated from mild trait anxiety. Based on the characteristics of both state and trait anxiety, severe anxiety was experienced by young adults, women, patients with secondary school-level educational background, private employees, patients who have never had surgery before, patients with lower extremity fractures and patients in moderate pain. The postoperative state of extremity fractures is a factor that affects anxiety. Patients who had moderate state anxiety were found to also have mild trait anxiety.  Thus, assessment and intervention of anxiety should be conducted on both state and trait anxiety.  Key words: Extremity fracture, post-operative, state anxiety, trait anxiety.

scholarly journals Estresse e ansiedade em atletas universitários de handebol no Estado de São Paulo

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Rubens Venditti Júnior ◽  
Rômulo Dantas Alves ◽  
Ivan Wallan Tertuliano ◽  
Vivian De Oliveira ◽  
Gustavo Lima Isler
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Stress Process ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
University Athletes

Introdução: A competição é intrínseca ao esporte e pode gerar estados emocionais variados, com o potencial de influenciar o rendimento. Dentre estes, a ansiedade aparece como elemento emocional e, em conjunto com o processo de estresse, se configuram como aspectos psicológicos a serem observados. Estes aspectos não são diferentes no esporte universitário e aparecem intensamente nos períodos das competições. Objetivo: Identificar o nível de ansiedade-traço, ansiedade-estado e de estresse em atletas universitários de handebol de duas equipes diferentes do interior do estado de São Paulo. Métodos: A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 22 atletas universitários de handebol, do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 21±1,8 anos. Os atletas responderam ao “Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado” (IDATE) e ao “Situações de Stress no Handebol” (SSH). Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que as situações mais citadas pelos atletas como causadoras de estresse foram: “errar tiros de 7m em momentos decisivos do jogo”; “estar perdendo para equipe tecnicamente inferior”; “errar um arremesso completamente livre”; “arbitragem prejudicar minha equipe”; “ser excluído nos momentos decisivos da partida” e “sofrer gol devido à falha defensiva”. Em relação à ansiedade, os resultados demonstraram que todos os atletas demonstraram, de forma geral, níveis de ansiedade-traço e ansiedade-estado considerados moderados (36,59 e 41,45, respectivamente). Conclusão: Diante dos resultados, pode-se tecer que os atletas investigados apresentaram algumas situações de jogo como estressores e que, em relação a ansiedade, os níveis dos atletas encontram-se moderados.ABSTRACT. Stress and anxiety in handball college athletes. Background: Competition is intrinsic to sport and can generate so many emotional states with the potential to influence performance. Among these states, anxiety appears as emotional element and, in addiction with stress process, they configure themselves as psychological aspects to be observed. These aspects are not different in college sports scope and appear intensively at competition´s periods. Objective: To identify the level of trait anxiety, state anxiety and stress process in university handball athletes of two different teams at São Paulo State in Brazil. Methods: The sample of this study was composed of 22 male handball university athletes, with a mean age of 21±1.8 years. The athletes answered to the “State-Trait Anxiety Inventory” (STAI) and to “Situations of Stress in Handball” (SSH). Results: The results indicated that the situations most cited by athletes as causing stress were: “miss 7-meter shots at decisive moments of the game”; “Being lost to technically inferior staff”; “Miss a pitch completely free”; “Arbitration hamper my team”; “To be excluded in the decisive moments of the game” and “to concede a goal due to defensive failure”. Concerning anxiety, the results showed that all athletes showed, in general, levels of anxiety-trait and anxiety-state considered moderate (36.59 and 41.45, respectively). Conclusion: In view of the results, it can be seen that the athletes investigated presented some situations of play as stressors and that, in relation to anxiety, the levels of the athletes are moderate.

State anxiety, trait anxiety, and coping style in mexican and canadian young adults

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Weiser ◽  
Norman S. Endler ◽  
James D.A. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
And Coping

Anxiety and the interpretation of ambiguous facial expressions: The influence of contextual cues

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1101-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Blanchette ◽  
Anne Richards ◽  
Adele Cross
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
High State ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Anxiety Induction ◽  
The Impact

In 3 experiments, we investigate how anxiety influences interpretation of ambiguous facial expressions of emotion. Specifically, we examine whether anxiety modulates the effect of contextual cues on interpretation. Participants saw ambiguous facial expressions. Simultaneously, positive or negative contextual information appeared on the screen. Participants judged whether each expression was positive or negative. We examined the impact of verbal and visual contextual cues on participants’ judgements. We used 3 different anxiety induction procedures and measured levels of trait anxiety (Experiment 2). Results showed that high state anxiety resulted in greater use of contextual information in the interpretation of the facial expressions. Trait anxiety was associated with mood-congruent effects on interpretation, but not greater use of contextual information.

The role of trait anxiety in the recognition of emotional facial expressions

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1120-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie M. Cooper ◽  
Angela C. Rowe ◽  
Ian S. Penton-Voak
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions

scholarly journals Effects of state and trait anxiety on selective attention to threatening stimuli in a non-clinical sample of school children

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Ortega Marín ◽  
Karim Jiménez Solanilla ◽  
Rocio Acosta Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
School Children ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Threatening Stimuli

Attentional biases, consisting of a preferential processing of threatening stimuli, have been found in anxious adults as predicted by several cognitive models. However, studies with non-clinical samples of children have provided mixed results. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effects of state and trait anxiety on the selective attention towards threatening stimuli in a non-clinical sample of school children (age: 8 to 13, n = 110) using the dot-probe task. This study did not reveal an effect of trait anxiety on selective attention towards threatening stimuli. However, a significant difference was found between participants with low state anxiety and high state anxiety. Nevertheless, the effect size was small. Specifically, participants with low state anxiety showed a bias towards threatening stimuli. Overall, the findings of this research with a non-clinical sample of school children suggest that attentional biases towards threatening information, which has been repeatedly found in anxious adults, are not necessarily inherent to non-clinical anxiety in children and on the other hand, the relationship between attentional biases and anxiety in this population might be moderated by other cognitive processes.

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