Breeding Progress for Grain Yield and Yield Related Characters of Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Ethiopia Using Regression Analysis

The genetic progress in seed yield and yield related characters of 10 kabuli chickpea varieties released by the Ethiopian Chickpea Crop Improvement Program from 1974 to 2017 was assessed during the main cropping season. The varieties were evaluated in the Randomized Complete Block design at Debrezeit Agricultural Research Center experimental research farm. The overall increase in seed yield over the local check, DZ-10-4, was estimated to be 739 kg/ha (38.9%). On station grain yield increased from 1900 to 3250 kg/ha during the last 43 years and the overall increase in seed yield of the Arerti variety over the oldest variety DZ-10-4 was estimated to be 1350 kg/ha or 71.1%. Based on the regression analysis, the estimated average annual rate of increase in grain yield potential was 10.87kg/ha/year with an annual relative genetic change of 0.57%/year. Genotypic change was an important source for increased grain yield potential during the studied period. Positive genetic gains were observed for the yield traits (grain yield and yield components). The average cumulative gains over 43 years of breeding was, therefore, 445.67 kg (23.37%) for seed yield, and 30.26 g for hundred seeds weight (297.7%). Hundred seed weight revealed the most dramatic response to breeding for the last 43 years. It is, therefore, strategically advisable that breeding efforts in the future should give due attention to yield related traits of kabuli chickpea varieties.

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ESTIMATION OF SOME GENETIC PRAMETERS IN DURUM WHEAT

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v48i2.431 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Almajidy & et al.

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Selection Index ◽

Research Station ◽

Genetic Progress ◽

Environmental Variance ◽

High Heritability

To estimate genetic parameters and heritability in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) genotypes, seventeen genotypes (16 exotic from ICARDA and local variety (Buhooth 7)) were included in this study. This experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications at Field Crops Research Station, Abu-Graib, Office of Agricultural Research, during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. The results revealed significant differences among genotypes for the studied characters at both seasons. The best genetic/environmental variance ratio attained for spike length (11.90) and no. of spikes. m-2 (9.22) in the first season, and grain yield (8.82) then harvest index (4.87) in the second season. High GCV observed for grain yield (15.68), no. of spikes. m-2 (15.18) in the first season, and harvest index (16.89) and grain yield (14.22) in the second season. High heritability estimates associated with high genetic advance for no. of spikes. m-2, in the first season. While, moderate h2bs estimates associated with high GA for same trait in the second season. Expected response to selection ranged from 0.93 to 84.6, also selection index ranged from 1.23 to 106.44 for grain yield and number of spikes. m-2, respectively in the first season also the same pattern was observed for value of second season. Characteristics like no. of spikes. m-2, plant height, no. of grains. Spike-1 and grain weight showed high heritability coupled with high genetic progress. Therefore, these characters should be given top priority during selection breeding in durum wheat.

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Performance Evaluation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes for Yield and Related Traits at Areka, Southern Ethiopia

Advances in Agriculture ◽

10.1155/2020/1497530 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Simon Yohannes ◽

Gobeze Loha ◽

Mesfin Kebede Gessese

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Common Bean ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Improvement Program ◽

Seed Sources ◽

Legume Crop ◽

Plant Breeding Program

Common bean is a source of dietary protein and the second most important legume crop in Africa next to faba bean. In Ethiopia common bean is the most important legume as the source of protein and export commodity. Hence, development of commercial varieties is one of the major tasks to meet increasing demand of the stake holders. To this effect, understanding the genetic variability, heritability and association between grain yield and other agronomic traits is necessary for effective plant breeding program. In this context, a field experiment was conducted during 2016/2017 cropping season at Areka Agricultural Research Center in southern Ethiopia with the objective of evaluating common bean genotypes for yield and related traits and also estimate the variability present among the genotypes. Treatments consisted of thirty three common bean genotypes were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Common bean genotypes exhibited considerable variations for agronomic traits and grain yield. Majority of the traits; plant height, number of nodes, internode length, leaf area, LAI, biological yield, pods per plant, HI and HSW had higher PCV. Genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) varied from 1.88% to 37.72% with the highest GCV recorded for HSW. Heritability in broad sense (H2) ranged from 0.52% to 95.33% with the highest value observed for HSW. The present study revealed significant variation among genotypes for traits considered except few insignificant traits. In addition, almost all the genotypes were well adapted to the study area and hence, the high yielding genotypes could be directly used as seed sources for production of common bean and some of the genotypes with best diseases resistance reaction, and with high heritability can possibly be used in common bean improvement program.

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Participatory on-farm evaluation of wheat genotypes

Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources ◽

10.3126/janr.v2i1.26096 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 312-321

Author(s):

Deepak Pandey ◽

Hemant Kumar Chaudhari ◽

Shesh Raman Upadhyay ◽

Nutan Raj Gautam ◽

Bhakti Ram Ghimire ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Development Programs ◽

Wheat Genotype ◽

Improvement Program ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Agricultural Research Council ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Check Variety

In wheat development programs, the evaluation and identification of superior genotypes is the first and leading step in a crop improvement program. Coordinated Farmer’s Field Trial (CFFT) was conducted during the three successive wheat growing season of 2010/11, 2011/12 and 2012/13. In CFFT six different wheat genotypes were planted in different outreach sites of research stations of Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) at varying geographical regions. CFFT was conducted according to standard recommended practices of wheat at farmers’ field with different sets of genotypes for Terai and hill. In CFFT for Terai Tar and Lower valley (TTL) under timely sown irrigated (TSI) condition wheat genotype NL 1073 produced the grain yield of 3695 kg/ha and under the timely sown rainfed (TSR) that was 2738 kg/ha in 2010/11. In 2011/12, wheat genotype NL 1073 had the highest recorded grain yield of 3691 kg/ha in mid western region which was followed by check variety Vijay in CFFT-TTL in 2011/12 in the same region. Similarly in 2012/13, check variety Vijay showed the highest grain yield of 3818 kg/ha and 3044 kg/ha followed by NL 1094 (2938 kg/ha and 3468 kg/ha) in TSR and TSI environments, respectively. In CFFT for Mid and High Hill (MHH) WK 1204 had the highest grain yield of 3967 kg/ha in TSI which was followed by NL 1008 with the yield of 3890 in 2010/11. In 2011/12 the highest mean grain yield was observed in WK 1204 (4242 kg/ha) followed by BL 3872 (3922 kg/ha). Similarly, in 2012/13 NL 1008 was the best genotypes on the basis of grain yield (3297 kg/ha) followed by NL 1055 (3131 kg/ha) under CFFT-MHH.

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Variability, heritability and genetic advance of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes

Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries ◽

10.3329/ralf.v6i2.42962 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 163-169

Author(s):

Sampurna Bartaula ◽

Urbashi Panthi ◽

Kiran Timilsena ◽

Subarna Sharma Acharya ◽

Jiban Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Block Design ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Test Weight ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Improvement Program ◽

High Heritability

The selection efficiency for certain traits in crops can be broadened using estimates of genetic parameters, which are fundamental for plant breeding. Ten maize genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the field of Lamahi Municipality, Dang district of Nepal to assess the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for growth, yield and yield contributing traits during summer season (June to August), 2018. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) recorded for all traits. The grain yield showed the highest PCV (50.78%) and GCV (51.24%) whereas the lowest PCV (4.51%) and GCV (4.50%) were recorded for test weight; test weight showed high heritability (0.99) with low genetic advance as a percent of mean (9.26). Grain yield showed positive and significant phenotypic correlation with test weight (r=0.960), kernel per row (r=0.924), kernel rows per cob (r=0.900) and cob length (r=0.840), respectively. Traits namely grain yield, number of kernels per cob and kernel rows per cob showed high GCV, PCV. Therefore these traits can be used further in crop improvement program. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(2): 163-169, August 2019

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Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic advance and Divergence in Ethiopian Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] Landraces

10.21203/rs.3.rs-37282/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fantaye Belay ◽

Kibrom Fischa

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Improvement Program ◽

Cluster Distance

Abstract Information on genetic variability in cowpea germplasm is important for crop improvement and for efficient utilization of the existing genetic resources. Hence, the objectives of the present investigation were to estimate genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and to identify divergent parents from distantly related clusters among Ethiopian cowpea accessions. The field experiment was carried out using 42 accessions at Abergelle Agricultural Research Center on station during the 2019 cropping season. Data were collected for 8 agronomic traits and analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p<0.01) among the accessions for the traits studied. Seed yield had higher genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) coupled with the highest genetic advance as percent of mean (100%). All the traits had moderate (68.01) to very high (99.98%) broad sense heritability. Further, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was attained for days to flowering, grain filling period, plant height, pod length, seed yield and thousand seed weight reflecting the presence of additive gene action for the expression of these traits and improvement of these traits could be done through selection. The cluster analysis based on agronomic traits revealed four distinct groups at 90% similarity level. The highest inter cluster D2 was recorded between cluster III and cluster IV (D2=133.69 units). The range of inter cluster distance was 15.25 to 133.69 units, respectively. In conclusion, the high genetic distance revealed among clusters has to be exploited via crossing and selection of the most divergent parents for future cowpea improvement program.

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Comparative Effect of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea l.) Genotypes on Yield and N Fixation in Sudan and Northern Guinea Savannahs of Nigeria

10.36265/njss.2019.290208 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 61-67

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

Yield Potential ◽

N Fixation ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Pod Yield

Recognition of high yielding and nitrogen (N) fixing groundnut genotypes and desegregating them in the cereal-based cropping systems common in savannah regions will enhance food security and reduce the need for high N fertilizers hence, minimize the high cost and associated environmental consequences. Field trials were conducted during the 2015 growing season at the Research Farms of Bayero University Kano (BUK) and Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), Ahmadu Bello University, Samaru-Zaria to assess the yield potential and Biolog- ical N fixation in 15 groundnut genotypes (ICG 4729, ICGV-IS 07823, ICGV-IS 07893, ICGV-IS 07908, ICGV- SM 07539, ICGV- SM 07599, ICGV-IS 09926, ICGV-IS 09932, ICGV-IS 09992, ICGV-IS 09994, SAMNUT-21, SAMNUT-22, SAMNUT-25, KAMPALA and KWANKWAS). The groundnut genotypes and reference Maize crop (SAMMAZ 29) were planted in a randomized complete block design in three replications. N difference method was used to estimate the amount of N fixed. The parameters determined were the number of nodules, nod- ule dry weight, shoot and root dry weights, pod, and haulm yield as well as N fixation. The nodule dry weight, BNF, haulm, and pod yield were statistically significant (P<0.01) concerning genotype and location. Similarly, their interac- tion effect was also highly significant. ICGV-IS 09926 recorded the highest nod- ule dry weight of 2.07mg /plant across the locations while ICGV-IS 09932 had the highest BNF value of 140.27Kg/ha. Additionally, KAMPALA had the high- est haulm yield, while ICGV-IS 07893 had the highest pod yield across the loca- tions with a significant interaction effect. The result shows that ICGV-IS 07893 and ICGV-IS 09932, as well as ICGV-IS 09994 and SAMNUT – 22, were the best genotypes concerning BNF, haulm and pod yield in the Northern Guinea and Sudan Savannahs of Nigeria respectively with the potential for a corresponding beneficial effect.

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Effect of nitrogen fertilization on camelina seed yield, yield components, and downy mildew infection

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.1139/cjps-2014-0348 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 17-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yunfei* Jiang ◽

Claude D. Caldwell

Keyword(s):

Downy Mildew ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Block Design ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Eastern Canada ◽

Set Up ◽

N Rates

Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] has potential in aquaculture, livestock feed production, and the biofuel industry. It is necessary to determine the appropriate production technology for the newly introduced crop under different environmental conditions. The objective of this 2-year study was to measure the response of five camelina genotypes in terms of seed yield, yield components, and disease incidence to applied nitrogen (N) at multiple sites in the Maritime provinces of eastern Canada. The factorial experiment was set up as a randomized complete block design. The two factors were six N rates (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1 N) and five genotypes of camelina (Calena, CDI002, CDI005, CDI007, and CDI008). The interactive effect of N rates and genotypes was considered. Results showed that camelina, which is usually considered a low-input crop, responded positively to increased applied N at rates up to 200 kg ha−1 N. Seed yield responded differently to applied N rates depending on genotype. Branch and pod development were decisive for seed yield. The advanced line CDI007 had the highest yield potential among the five genotypes. Downy mildew infection was positively correlated with applied N rates; however, seed yield was not significantly affected by downy mildew infection.

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Evaluation of Mung Bean Germplasm [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] for Yield in Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone of Rajasthan, India

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4543 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Champa Lal Khatik ◽

Kailash Chandra ◽

Mujahid Khan ◽

Ved praksh ◽

Hanuman Singh Jatav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Health ◽

Vital Role ◽

Research Station ◽

State Farm ◽

Drainage Zone ◽

Farm Profitability

Background: Pulses are leguminous crops which not only increase the soil fertility, its fitness and maintain soil health but also essential to meet the nutritional demand of burgeoning human population particularly in developing countries. Mungbean is a major pulse crop of Zone IIa (Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone) of Rajasthan state. Farm profitability can also be enhanced by augmenting farm productivity. Selection of high yielding genotypes may play a vital role to achieve sustainable high agricultural yield at farmer’s field. Therefore, it is prerequisite to identify the suitable genotypes for this zone since the available varieties were not tested for its adaptability. The current study was aimed to evaluate twelve mung bean genotypes for seed yield with four checks in Zone IIa of Rajasthan.Methods: The mung bean crop was raised during Kharif 2018 and 2019 at Agricultural Research Station, Fatehpur- Shekhawati, Sikar (Rajasthan). Seed yield and its ancillary characters have been observed by following standard protocols. Present experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications. The material was sown in a four row plot of 4 m length with a spacing of 30 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants.Result: The performance of genotypes RMG 1098, RMG 1132, RMG 1134, RMG 1139 and RMG 1147 were superior to the zonal, state checks and other tested genotypes. The selected high yielding mung bean genotypes can increase farm output per se and farm profitability by sustaining soil health, fitness and productivity of this region.

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Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Tolerance to Sodium Chloride Levels, and on Growth and Yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v15i1.33439 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 156-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Rahman ◽

MAH Bhuiyan ◽

ME Ali ◽

F Alam ◽

RA Begum

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Stover Yield ◽

Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽

Mycorrhizal Plants

A pot experiment was carried out in the nethouse of Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2014-2015 through 2015-2016. The design of the experiment was factorial randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the potential of Arbuscular mycorrhization (AM) on the germination, yield and yield attributes of lentil treated with different concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl). Five NaCl treatments (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4%) possessed NaCl level as the first factor that were treated with soils before sowing of lentil seeds overriding or pivotal pulse crop in Bangladesh. The second factor consists of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal treatments. Mycorrhizal plants showed better performance in terms of germination %, yield and yield contributing characters than non-mycorrhizal plants. With increasing NaCl concentration germination %, yield and yield contributing characters in the rhizosphere soil, decreased significantly (p<0.01). Interaction effects of mycorrhizal inoculation and NaCl on germination %, growth and yield of lentil were appeared to be statistically non-significant. The highest germination (96.25% in 2014-2015 and 92.50% in 2015-2016), seed yield (6.45 g pot-1 in 2014-2015 and 5.89 g pot-1 in 2015-2016), and stover yield (9.55 g pot-1 in 2014-2015 and 8.58 g pot-1 in 2015-2016) was found in NaCl 0% + AM treatment. The lowest germination %, seed yield and stover yield was found in NaCl 4% treatment. Mycorrhizal inoculation increased seed yield on an average by 31.85% during 2014-2015 and 63.71% during 2015-2016, and increased stover yield on an average by 48.56% during 2014-2015 and 63.55% during 2015-2016 over non-mycorrhizal inoculation. Therefore, it can be concluded that mycorrhizal inoculation increases germination %, growth and yield of lentil over non-mycorrhizal inoculation. The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 156-169

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Evaluation of Yield, Reaction to Diseases, and Grain Physical Attributes of Some Introduced Rice Hybrids in Ghana

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2019/3926765 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Samuel Oppong Abebrese ◽

Alex Yeboah ◽

Wilson Dogbe ◽

Paul Kofi Ayirebi Dartey ◽

Richard Akromah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Components ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Rice Production ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Physical Attributes

Hybrid rice technology is one of the promising, sustainable, and proven technologies for increasing rice production and productivity with a yield advantage of 15–30% over modern inbred varieties. The potential of hybrid rice has so far not been exploited in Ghana. This study was undertaken to evaluate the yield potential, reaction to diseases, and physical grain attributes of some introduced hybrids. The trials were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates across three locations. Data were taken on grain yield, yield components, reaction to diseases, and grain physical characteristics. Four promising hybrids (SWARNA 2, ARGH 1501, ARGH 1502, and ARGH 1503) with a mean yield advantage of 15–20.8% over the best inbred check “AgraRice” were identified. With few exceptions, the hybrids were broadly adapted and had adequate resistance to blast and bacterial leaf blight. Most of the test hybrids had long slender grains which make them acceptable to the Ghanaian market but lacked aroma.

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