scholarly journals Nutritional Value and Sensory Acceptability of M. oleifera Fortified Finger Millet Porridge for Children with Cerebral Palsy in Nairobi County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Janet Kajuju Malla ◽  
Sophie Ochola ◽  
Irene Ogada ◽  
Ann Munyaka
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Leaf Powder

Nutritional deficiencies and other nutritional comorbidities commonly affect children with cerebral palsy. Interventions through fortification to enhance nutrient densities of foods for these groups may improve their intakes and consequently their nutritional and health status. This study was undertaken to determine the nutritional value and sensory acceptability of a finger millet porridge fortified with Moringa oleifera leaf powder. Standard methods approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists were adopted for determination of nutrient and anti-nutrient content of samples. Sensory evaluation was conducted according to the method of Larmond (1977). Statistical analysis was conducted with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 20. One-way analysis of variance with a post-hoc test of Least Significant Difference to separate the means was used to compare the nutrient and anti-nutrient content of samples. Independent t-test was used to test difference in mean sensory scores between fortified and control porridge. The results showed that M. oleifera leaf powder had significantly higher contents of protein and β-carotene, which were the target nutrients for fortification of the fermented finger millet flour. Fermentation reduced the levels of anti-nutrients in finger millet flour. Fortification of the fermented finger millet flour with M. oleifera leaf powder at the ratio of 9:1 significantly improved the protein and β-carotene content of the fortified flour and did not significantly affect the sensory acceptability of the fortified porridge. This study confirmed the potential for M. oleifera as suitable fortificant in finger millet porridge formulations to improve both protein and β-carotene intake in target populations

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TEPUNG BIJI ALPUKAT DAN TEPUNG KULIT PISANG FERMENTASI TERHADAP BERAT TELUR DAN WARNA KUNING TELUR PUYUH

Jurnal BiBieT ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Hera Dwi Triani
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Avocado Seed

<p>Biji alpukat dalam ransum puyuh  dapat mengurangi pemakaian jagung dan dedak akan tetapi tinggi tanin maka untuk menurunkan kadar tanin dilakukan perendaman dengan filtrat air abu sekam (FAAS). Selain biji alpukat limbah lain yang dapat juga dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan sumber energy adalah  kulit pisang tetapi tinggi serat kasar sehingga untuk menurunkan kandungan serat kasar dan meningkatkan nilai nutrisi pada kulit pisang bisa dilakukan dengan fermentasi mengunakan EM4. Kombinasi penggunaan biji alpukat dan kulit pisang yang diolah dalam ransum unggas akan saling melengkapi kekurangan nutrisi masing- masing bahan pakan sebagai bahan pakan sumber energi dalam ransum puyuh. Penggabungan atau kombinasi biji alpukat dengan kulit pisang akan lebih baik karena kulit pisang mengandung beta karoten yang cukup tinggi yaitu 45 mg/100 gram. Penelitian  menggunakan RAL 6 perlakuan ransum ( A = kontrol, B = 20% TBAO, C = 20% TKPF, D = 10% TBAO + 10% TKPF, E = 15% TBAO + 5% TKPF dan F = 5% TBAO dan 15% TKPF) dengan  4 ulangan.  Apabila terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada perlakuan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian adalah berat telur dan warna kuning telur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Berat telur pada C dan F nyata lebih tinggi dari kontrol, sedangkan berat telur pada B, D dan E sama dengan kontrol. Pada warna kuning telur semua perlakuan (B, C, D, E dan F) mempunyai indeks warna kuning telur yang nyata lebih tinggi dari kontrol.</p><p><em>Avocado seeds in quail ration can reduce the use of corn and bran but high tannin then to reduce the tannin content soaking with filtrat ash water husk (FAAS). In addition to other avocado seeds that can also be used as a source of energy is banana skin but high in crude fiber so as to reduce the content of coarse fiber and increase the nutritional value of banana peels can be done with fermentation using EM4. The combination of the use of avocado seeds and banana peas processed in poultry rations will complement each other's nutritional deficiencies of feed ingredients as feed ingredients of energy sources in quail diets. Combination  of avocado seed with banana peel will be better because banana skin contains high enough beta carotene that is 45 mg / 100 gram. Research using RAL 6 ration treatment (A = control, B = 20% TBAO, C = 20% TKPF, D = 10% TBAO + 10% TKPF, E = 15% TBAO + 5% TKPF and F = 5% TBAO and 15 % TKPF) with 4 replications. If there is a significant difference in treatment followed by further testing of DMRT. Parameters observed in the study were egg weight and egg yolk color. The results showed that the egg weight at C and F was significantly higher than the control, while the egg weight at B, D and E was equal to the control. In the yolk color all treatments (B, C, D, E and F) had a significantly higher yolk color index than the control.</em></p>

scholarly journals Reliability and validity of a computer game-based tool of upper extremity assessment for object manipulation tasks in children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205566832110140
Author(s):  
Anuprita Kanitkar ◽  
Sanjay T Parmar ◽  
Tony J Szturm ◽  
Gayle Restall ◽  
Gina Rempel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Object Manipulation ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Introduction A computer game-based upper extremity (CUE) assessment tool is developed to quantify manual dexterity of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). The purpose of this study was to determine test-retest reliability of the CUE performance measures (success rate, movement onset time, movement error, and movement variation) and convergent validity with the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale version 2 (PDMS-2) and the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST). Methods Thirty-five children with CP aged four to ten years were tested on two occasions two weeks apart. Results CUE performance measures of five chosen object manipulation tasks exhibited high to moderate intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) values. There was no significant difference in the CUE performance measures between test periods. With few exceptions, there was no significant correlation between the CUE performance measures and the PDMS-2 or the QUEST test scores. Conclusions The high to moderate ICC values and lack of systematic errors indicate that the CUE assessment tool has the ability to repeatedly record reliable performance measures of different object manipulation tasks. The lack of a correlation between the CUE and the PDMS-2 or QUEST scores indicates that performance measures of these assessment tools represent distinct attributes of manual dexterity.

Randomized controlled trial of occupational performance coaching for mothers of children with cerebral palsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh ◽  
Dorothy Kessler ◽  
Seyed Ali Hosseini ◽  
Mehdi Rassafiani ◽  
Nazila Akbarfahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Performance Coaching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of occupational performance coaching in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Method A randomized controlled trial was used. Thirty mothers of children with cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to an occupational performance coaching group or control group. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and Sherer General Self-efficacy Scale were measured before and after the study. Results Occupational performance coaching had significant effects on participants’ occupational performance and self-efficacy. In child-related goals, there was also a statistically significant difference between two groups ( p = 0.05). Conclusion The results indicated that occupational performance coaching could be an effective intervention to increase the self-efficacy of mothers and improve the occupational performance of children and mothers of children with cerebral palsy. This trial is registered at NCT02915926 at clinicaltrials.gov

scholarly journals Access to Intrathecal Baclofen Treatment for Children with Cerebral Palsy in European Countries: An SCPE Survey Reveals Important Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Kate Himmelmann ◽  
Magnus Påhlman ◽  
Guro L. Andersen ◽  
Torstein Vik ◽  
Daniel Virella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Intrathecal Baclofen ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Treatment Access ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Abstract Aim The aim is to study access to intrathecal baclofen (ITB) for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Europe, as an indicator of access to advanced care. Methods Surveys were sent to CP registers, clinical networks, and pump manufacturers. Enquiries were made about ITB treatment in children born in 1990 to 2005 by sex, CP type, level of gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) and age at the start of treatment. Access to ITB was related to the country's gross domestic product (GDP) and % GDP spent on health. Results In 2011 population-based data from Sweden, Norway, England, Portugal, Slovenia, and Denmark showed that 114 (3.4%) of 3,398 children with CP were treated with ITB, varying from 0.4 to 4.7% between centers. The majority of the children were at GMFCS levels IV-V and had bilateral spastic CP. In Sweden, dyskinetic CP was the most commonly treated subtype. Boys were more often treated with ITB than girls (p = 0.014). ITB was reported to be available for children with CP in 25 of 43 countries. Access to ITB was associated with a higher GDP and %GDP spent on health (p < 0.01). Updated information from 2019 showed remaining differences between countries in ITB treatment and sex difference in treated children was maintained. Conclusion There is a significant difference in access to ITB for children with CP across Europe. More boys than girls are treated. Access to ITB for children with CP is associated with GDP and percent of GDP spent on health in the country.

scholarly journals The Appendicular Lean Mass Index Is a Suitable Surrogate for Muscle Mass in Children with Cerebral Palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (10) ◽  
pp. 1863-1868
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Duran ◽  
Kyriakos Martakis ◽  
Mirko Rehberg ◽  
Christina Stark ◽  
Anne Koy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Level I

ABSTRACT Background Densitometrically measured lean body mass (LBM) is often used to quantify skeletal muscle mass in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Since LBM depends on the individual's height, the evaluation of $\frac{{{\rm{LBM}}}}{{heigh{t^2}}}\ $ (lean BMI) is often recommended. However, LBM includes not only skeletal muscle mass but also the mass of skin, internal organs, tendons, and other components. This limitation applies to a far lesser extent to the appendicular lean mass index (LMIapp). Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate skeletal muscle mass in children with CP using total lean BMI (LMItot) and LMIapp. Methods The present study was a monocentric retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data among children and adolescents with CP participating in a rehabilitation program. In total, 329 children with CP [148 females; Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) I, 32 children; GMFCS II, 73 children; GMFCS III, 133 children; GMFCS IV, 78 children; and GMFCS V, 13 children] were eligible for analysis. The mean age was 12.3 ± 2.75 y. Pediatric reference centiles for age-adjusted LMIapp were generated using data from NHANES 1999–2004. Low skeletal muscle mass was defined as a z score for DXA determined LMItot and LMIapp less than or equal to −2.0. Results The z scores for LMIapp were significantly lower than LMItot in children with CP, GMFCS levels II–V (P < 0.001), with the exception of GMFCS level I (P = 0.121), where no significant difference was found. The prevalence of low LMItot (16.1%; 95% CI: 16.1, 20.1%) was significantly lower (P < 0.001) than the prevalence of LMIapp (42.2%; 95% CI: 36.9, 47.9%) in the study population. Conclusions The prevalence of low skeletal muscle mass in children with CP might be underestimated by LMItot. LMIapp is more suitable for the evaluation of skeletal muscle mass in children with CP.

scholarly journals Effect of respiratory therapy on pulmonary functions in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman H. El Banna ◽  
Eman I. El Hadidy ◽  
Walaa M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Respiratory Therapy ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Abstract Background Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at risk for respiratory dysfunction. Early initiation of pulmonary rehabilitation in addition to conventional physical therapy may result in improvement and maintenance of chest mobility and respiratory function. However, empirical support for respiratory therapy is limited. The aim of the review was to assess the evidence of the effectiveness of respiratory therapy on pulmonary functions in children with CP. Methods Four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Google Scholar) were searched till December 2019 using predefined terms by two independent reviewers. Randomized controlled trials published in English were included if they met the following criteria: population—children with different types of CP of both sex, aged up to 18 years; intervention—respiratory therapy; outcomes—pulmonary functions. Eight studies with 235 participants only met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Predefined data were tabulated using American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine by two reviewers and verified by a third reviewer. Methodological quality was assessed using rating system of quality assessment and PEDro scale; also, levels of evidence adopted from modified Sacket’s scale were used for each outcome. Results The quality of studies ranged from excellent (one study) to good (five studies) and fair (two studies). The results showed level 1 (six studies) and level 2 (two studies) on modified Sacket’s scale for level of evidence. Lack of allocation concealment and blinding was the major risk of bias in the included studies. Conclusions Meta-analysis revealed significant difference in the improvement of vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory volume at 1 s in favor of the study groups. However, there is a need for high-quality studies to draw a clear conclusion.

scholarly journals Análise da marcha de crianças com paralisia cerebral com e sem uso de órteses de tornozelo e pé

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 29390
Author(s):  
Daiane Bridi ◽  
Ingrid Corso Cavião ◽  
Vinícius Mazzochi Schmitt ◽  
Raquel Saccani ◽  
Leandro Viçosa Bonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
T Test ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ankle And Foot

AIMS: To analyze the linear parameters of the gait of children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy, users of articulated ankle and foot orthoses.METHODS: A three-dimensional analysis of the gait of eight children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy, aged 5 to 10 years, classified in levels I and II of the Gross Motor Function Classification System, was made with and without the use of ankle and foot orthoses. A kinematic system with seven integrated cameras captured the three-dimensional trajectory of markers in the participants' body during gait, with data being collected at a sampling rate of 100 Hz. For the comparisons, the paired t-test and the t-test for a sample were used.RESULTS: Considering the gait’s spatiotemporal variables of these children with cerebral palsy compared to normal values, only velocity (with the orthosis and without the orthoses) presented a statistically significant difference. The mean normal gait velocity is 1.25 m/s, while in the non-orthoses participants the mean velocity was 0.98±0.10 m/s (p=0.0001) and with the use of orthoses the mean velocity was 0.96±0.21 m/s (p=0.0001). In the comparison between children using or not the ankle and foot orthoses, velocity, cadence and pitch length were respectively 0.98±0.10 m/s, 131±16.15 steps/min and 0.44±0.08 m in the children without the orthoses; and 0.96±0.21 m/s, 128.37±22.9 steps/min and 0.48±0.05 m in the children with the orthoses. The differences were not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS: Comparison between the same group with and without the use of ankle and foot orthoses suggests that their use in children with cerebral palsy may promote an increase in step length and a decrease in velocity and cadence in relation to condition without orthosis, favouring a better distribution of weight in the paretic member and providing a better symmetry in gait. However, the differences were not statistically significant. Thus, it is expected that the results obtained in this study can serve as a pilot for future research, with larger samples.

scholarly journals Upper limb therapy in children with cerebral palsy (CP) – The Pirate Group

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Marta Pawlak ◽  
Beata Wnuk ◽  
Daniela Kowalicka ◽  
Aleksandra Rosłoniec
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Movement Therapy ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Upper Limb Function ◽  
Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Bimanual Training ◽  
Spastic Hemiplegia

Abstract Introduction: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) in the form of spastic hemiplegia experience numerous difficulties concerning an affected upper limb such as reaching for objects, gripping or manipulating them. These limitations affect their everyday activity. Conducting an effective and simultaneously an interesting therapy aimed at meeting the child’s individual needs and improving upper limb function is a challenge for a physiotherapist. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of upper limb therapy carried out within the project titled “The Pirate Group” based on Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) and Bimanual Training (BIT) conducted in a specially arranged environment. Material and methods: The research included 16 children with CP in the form of spastic hemiplegia. Mean age of the study participants was 4.23 years. The children underwent a two-week Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) combined with Bimanual Training (BIT). In order to evaluate the effects of the therapy, each child underwent the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) prior to the therapy and after its completion. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the results of AHA prior to and after the therapy (t(14)=9.12, p<0.0001). An improvement in the affected upper limb function was noted in all the children participating in the research. Conclusions: The project titled “The Pirate Group”, based on CIMT and BIT is an effective therapeutic intervention which improves spontaneous activity of the affected upper limb in children with hemiplegia.

Drooling of Saliva and its Effect on the Oral Health Status of Children with Cerebral Palsy

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitha Hegde ◽  
Y Rajmohan Shetty ◽  
Sharat Chandra Pani
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
The Individual

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of drooling in individuals with cerebral palsy and assess the effect these factors have on these individuals oral health. Materials: A total of 113 individuals with cerebral palsy between the age of 5 and 18 years were examined. The incidence and severity of drooling were determined using the index given by Blasco et al and the oral heath was recorded using a modified WHO performa. The data was then subjected to statistical analysis. Results: While drooling may not predispose the individual to dental caries individuals with drooling have a poorer oral hygiene score than those without. Conclusions: There is no significant difference in the Dental caries status, Orthodontic findings or the debris component of the Oral Hygiene Index of individuals who drool saliva and those who do not.

scholarly journals Effects of equine-assisted activities on attention and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy in a randomized trial: examining the comorbidity with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bomi Ahn ◽  
Yoo-Sook Joung ◽  
Jeong-Yi Kwon ◽  
Dong Ik Lee ◽  
Soohwan Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Commission Error ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Equine Assisted

Abstract Background Attention problems and decreased quality of life are frequently accompanied in Cerebral Palsy (CP), which can negatively affect rehabilitation of physical disability. However, the majority of affected children remain untreated in the aspects of attention or psychosocial factors. Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies (EAAT) use horse as a therapeutic modality including grooming as well as mounted riding activities in which patients exercise and experience mounted stimulation. It is known to help improve attention in children with ADHD, so that it can be an exercise therapy that is expected to improvement of attention as well as rehabilitating effects in CP patients. EAA may be a promising strategy to address the unmet need for CP patients. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of EAA for children with CP, those with both CP and ADHD and confirm the comorbidity between CP and ADHD. Methods Forty-six children with cerebral palsy participated in this study. For the exercise group, they participated in a 40-min session twice a week for a 16-week period, while the control group engaged in daily life without any special treatments. Each children individually were assessed on attention and psychological wellbeing at baseline and post-treatment. Comorbidity were identified based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder 5th edition (DSM-5) and confirmed by Korean Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Results Perseveration rated using the Conner’s Performance Test (CPT) showed a significant decrease only in the exercise group (p < .024). However, no significant improvement in children’s quality of life was observed after EAA program compared with control group. Among the total participants, fifteen children (31.91%) were diagnosed with ADHD. When conducting an additional analysis with the subsample of CP patients diagnosed with ADHD, the d’, commission error and perseveration showed a significant decrease only in the exercise group. Children with CP and ADHD reported an improvement in quality of life both in exercise and control group, but only in the exercise group social functioning exhibited a significant difference. Conclusion The positive effects of the EAA on attention and quality of life were confirmed. Children with CP in the exercise group were more capable to sustain their attention longer. Those with CP and ADHD showed an increase in attention and perceived to have better social skills after receiving 16 weeks of EAA compared to those in the control group. Considering high comorbidity of CP and ADHD, it seems that the EAA program could be the better alternative treatment for CP with attentional problem. The results of this study will contribute to growing evidence for the efficacy of EAA in children especially with CP and ADHD. Trial registration This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03870893). Registered 26 July 2017.

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