scholarly journals Effect of Burdock Root and the Fermented Product on Alloxan-Induced Mouse Hyperglycemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakana Doi ◽  
Yumi Asada ◽  
Ayaka Ohno ◽  
Yoshiko Okuda ◽  
Shota Masuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Glucose Assay ◽  
Fermented Product

<p><strong>Backgrounds:</strong> We reported that feeding 5% <em>Asperagillus awamori-</em>fermented burdock root diet was effective in preventing mouse hyperglycemia caused by alloxan.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Diets containing 5% burdock roots were prepared from raw and <em>Asperagillus awamori-</em>fermented burdock root powders. Acatalasemic mice<strong>,</strong> having a quite low catalase activity in blood, and normal mice were fed these diets for 14 weeks, separately. Then, alloxan (200 mg/ kg of body weight) or PBS was intraperitoneally administrated to each mouse. After 5 day from the administration, blood glucose assay and glucose tolerance test were carried out, and then insulin, C-peptide and lipid peroxide in plasma were examined.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Incidences of hyperglycemia in normal mice fed control, raw and fermented burdock root diets were 25, 20 and 11 %, respectively, and these in acatalasemic mice<strong> </strong>were 73, 80 and 27%. Insulin and C-peptide in plasma of mice fed raw burdock root diet or control diet were low compared to mice fed the fermented diet.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Intake of raw burdock root does not suppress the alloxan-induced hyperglycemia but the fermented burdock root does. It is suggested that <em>Asperagillus awamori</em> plays an important role for the prevention.</p>

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Potential of Mangifera indica L. cv. Anwar Ratol Leaves: Medicinal Application of Food Wastes

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saleem ◽  
Muiz Tanvir ◽  
Muhammad Furqan Akhtar ◽  
Mazhar Iqbal ◽  
Ammara Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Mango Leaves ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid Compounds

Background and objectives: Anwar Ratol is one of the most famous cultivar of mango in South Asia, especially Pakistan. Mango leaves are left as food waste. This study evaluated the potential of mango (Anwar Ratol) leaves for their use against diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: In this study, hydro-alcoholic extract of the plant leaves was prepared and evaluated by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the presence of phytochemicals. The plant extract was administered to Alloxan induced diabetic mice followed by evaluation through oral glucose tolerance test; determination of postprandial glucose, body weight, lipid profile and histopathological evaluation of pancreas. Results: Chemical evaluation revealed the presence of mangiferin, rhamnetin, catechin, epicatechin, iriflophenone 3-C-β-D-glucoside, gallic acid and other phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The plant extract exhibited a decrease in postprandial blood glucose following seven days therapy in diabetic mice. The extract also prevented the rise in blood glucose level as determined by glucose tolerance test in diabetic mice. Furthermore, therapy of diabetic mice with the extract prevented a decrease in body weight and decline in beta-cell mass associated with alloxan and improved lipid profile. Conclusion: The findings of the study clearly suggested that the leaf extract of the plant might possess anti-diabetic activity possibly due to the presence of mangiferin and other phytochemicals such as phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This study will serve as a basis for the use of mango leaf extract against diabetes. Furthermore, this study will also provide basis for the bioassay-based fractionation and isolation of active principles responsible for the antidiabetic potential of mango leaves.

The Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Hyperlipidemia effect of Citrus maxima Fruit Peel extract in Streptozotocin - Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 5355-5358
Author(s):  
Shaimaa M. Mohammed ◽  
Afnan E. Abd-Almonuim ◽  
Ahmed Majeed ◽  
Haithm Khlaf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Citrus Maxima

The ethanol extract of Citrus maxima fruit peel was evaluated for its hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic activity in normal and Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, using fasting and glucose tolerance test measurements. Experiments were performed using Thirty-Two Male Wister albino rats randomly divided into 4 groups and each group have 8 animals. Group1 assigned as a control injected with normal saline only. Group 2 assigned as a diabetic control injected with Streptozotocin 50mg/Kg, Group 3 assigned for diabetic + Citrus maxima in a dose of 400mg/Kg, Group 4 is assigned for the diabetic + Citrus maxima in a dose of 600mg/Kg. The Streptozotocin is injected intraperitonially to all animal in the groups except the control group. Blood samples were collected from animal before and at 21th day end of the study period. Body weight, blood glucose, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and HDL cholesterol were analysed using diagnostic kits. Serum was separated from blood samples collected. In addition oral glucose tolerance test was performed in overnight fasted control animals. Results showed that Citrus maxima extract possesses significant antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by decreasing blood glucose levels, maintaining body weight, and serum lipid concentrations to approximate normal level. Furthermore, the extract of the title plant possesses dose dependent antidiabetic activity.

Caffeine ingestion elevates plasma insulin response in humans during an oral glucose tolerance test

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry E Graham ◽  
Premila Sathasivam ◽  
Mary Rowland ◽  
Natasha Marko ◽  
Felicia Greer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
C Peptide

We tested the hypothesis that caffeine ingestion results in an exaggerated response in blood glucose and (or) insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Young, fit adult males (n = 18) underwent 2 OGTT. The subjects ingested caffeine (5 mg/kg) or placebo (double blind) and 1 h later ingested 75 g of dextrose. There were no differences between the fasted levels of serum insulin, C peptide, blood glucose, or lactate and there were no differences within or between trials in these measures prior to the OGTT. Following the OGTT, all of these parameters increased (P [Formula: see text] 0.05) for the duration of the OGTT. Caffeine ingestion resulted in an increase (P [Formula: see text] 0.05) in serum fatty acids, glycerol, and plasma epinephrine prior to the OGTT. During the OGTT, these parameters decreased to match those of the placebo trial. In the caffeine trial the serum insulin and C peptide concentrations were significantly greater (P [Formula: see text] 0.001) than for placebo for the last 90 min of the OGTT and the area under the curve (AUC) for both measures were 60 and 37% greater (P [Formula: see text] 0.001), respectively. This prolonged, increased elevation in insulin did not result in a lower blood glucose level; in fact, the AUC for blood glucose was 24% greater (P = 0.20) in the caffeine treatment group. The data support our hypothesis that caffeine ingestion results in a greater increase in insulin concentration during an OGTT. This, together with a trend towards a greater rather than a more modest response in blood glucose, suggests that caffeine ingestion may have resulted in insulin resistance.Key words: adenosine, skeletal muscle, methylxanthines, glucose uptake, diabetes.

scholarly journals Feeding spinach thylakoids to rats modulates the gut microbiota, decreases food intake and affects the insulin response

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Montelius ◽  
Nadia Osman ◽  
Björn Weström ◽  
Siv Ahrné ◽  
Göran Molin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
And Control

AbstractThylakoid membranes derived from green leaf chloroplasts affect appetite-regulating hormones, suppress food intake, reduce blood lipids and lead to a decreased body weight in animals and human subjects. Thylakoids also decrease the intestinalin vitrouptake of methyl-glucose in the rat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary thylakoids on the gut microbiota composition, mainly the taxa of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, in rats fed either a thylakoid-enriched diet or a control diet for 10 d. At the same time, a glucose-tolerance test in the same rats was also performed. Food intake was significantly decreased in the thylakoid-fed rats compared with the control-fed rats over the 10-d study. An oral glucose tolerance test after 10 d of thylakoid- or control-food intake resulted in significantly reduced plasma insulin levels in the thylakoid-fed rats compared with the control-fed rats, while no difference was observed for blood glucose levels. Analysis of gut bacteria showed a significant increase of lactobacilli on the ileal mucosa, specificallyLactobacillus reuteri, in the rats fed the thylakoid diet compared with rats fed the control diet, while faecal lactobacilli decreased. No difference in bifidobacteria between the thylakoid and control groups was found. Analyses with terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and principal component analysis of faeces demonstrated different microbial populations in the thylakoid- and control-fed animals. These findings indicate that thylakoids modulate the gut microbial composition, which might be important for the regulation of body weight and energy metabolism.

A novel partial agonist of GPBA reduces blood glucose level in a murine glucose tolerance test

2017 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Enomoto ◽  
Aya Kurosawa ◽  
Yoshiaki Nikaido ◽  
Misaki Mashiko ◽  
Toshihiko Saheki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Tolerance Test

scholarly journals Supplementation of OmniGen-AF improves the metabolic response to a glucose tolerance test in beef heifers1,2

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1521-1529
Author(s):  
Nicole C Burdick Sanchez ◽  
Jeffery A Carroll ◽  
Paul R Broadway ◽  
Tyler H Schell ◽  
Steve B Puntenney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Post Infusion

Abstract: This study determined whether feeding the immunomodulating supplement, OmniGen-AF, to feedlot heifers would alter metabolic profiles to a glucose tolerance test. Heifer calves (n = 32; 217 ± 2 kg) were allocated into two treatment diets: 1) Control, fed a standard receiving ration, and 2) OmniGen, fed the Control diet supplemented with OmniGen at 4.54 g/45 kg BW/d. Heifers were fed for 42 d. On d 42, Heifers were processed through a working facility for placement of indwelling jugular catheters. After these procedures, heifers were moved into individual stanchions in an enclosed barn and all heifers were fed their treatment diets at 1400 h. All orts were removed at 2000 h to allow for a 12-h fast prior to first blood collection. The following day, heifers were administered 0.5 mL/kg BW of a 50% dextrose solution at 0900 h (0 min). Blood samples were collected for serum isolation at −60, −45, −30, −15, 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min relative to bolus dextrose infusion. Serum was stored at −80 oC until analyzed for cortisol, glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and urea N concentrations. There was a treatment × time interaction for post-challenge cortisol (P = 0.004) such that cortisol was greater in OmniGen heifers than Control heifers from 10- to 45- min post-infusion. Glucose concentrations increased post-infusion (P &lt; 0.01) and were reduced in OmniGen compared to Control heifers at 10-, 45-, and 90-min after challenge (treatment × time P &lt; 0.001). Similarly, there was a treatment × time interaction for post-challenge insulin concentrations (P = 0.04) such that insulin was greater in OmniGen-fed heifers than Control heifers from 10 to 30 min. In addition, there was a treatment × time interaction (P = 0.01) for NEFA concentrations such that concentrations were reduced in OmniGen-supplemented heifers from 10 to 30 min following administration of the dextrose bolus. Serum urea N concentrations were greater in Control heifers at 150 min compared to OmniGen-fed heifers (post-challenge treatment × time interaction: P &lt; 0.001). These data suggest that OmniGen-fed heifers were more responsive to changes in glucose, perhaps affecting the storage and/or redistribution of energy deposits and provide further evidence for altered metabolism in OmniGen-supplemented cattle. The differences observed may explain differences observed in the immune response in OmniGen-supplemented calves.

scholarly journals Pharmacological potential of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale stem bark on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2440-2454
Author(s):  
D. A. Omoboyowa ◽  
F. O. Afolabi ◽  
T. C. Aribigbola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Β Cells

Background: The anti-hyperglycemic potential of methanol stem bark extract of Anacardium occidentale (MSBEAO) was investigated using an alloxan-induced diabetic rat model. Alloxan administration induces the generation of free radicals which can affect antioxidant status resulting in the disruption of the β-cells of the pancreas. Therefore, this study examines the antioxidant potential of the plant extract and the ameliorating effect on the pancreas of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate. MSBEAO, at a concentration of 100 or 200 mg/kg b.w. was orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic rats and normal rats. The hypoglycemic effect, oral glucose tolerance test, and biochemical assay of alloxan-induced diabetic rats were assayed using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and phenols at moderate concentrations. The lethality dose (LD50) of the plant extract was found to be equal to or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. The hypoglycemic effect of the extract on the non-diabetic rats revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the blood glucose concentration of animals administered with 1 g/kg b.w. of the extract, compared to normal control rats administered with normal saline. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the methanol extract exerted the highest response, similar to glibenclamide after 15 and 30 minutes of administration, compared to the control rats. The methanol extract yielded the highest blood glucose lowering effects after 9 days of treatment (p<0.05), compared to diabetic rats administered with normal saline and 0.3 mg/kg b.w. of glibenclamide. Administration of the extract at 200 mg/kg b.w. showed improved pancreas architecture and regeneration of the β-cells, compared with the pancreas of animals in the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MSBEAO is a potentially effective agent for the management of diabetes which might result from the antioxidant-generating capacity of the stem bark.

scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
M. IKRAM ◽  
SYED HAIDER HASAN ALAM ◽  
SHAFQAT MUKHTAR ◽  
M. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus is common disorder in pregnancy. It is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. There is no consensus regarding the optimal approach to screening of gestational diabetes mellitus. The present study has tried toobserve the value of fasting blood glucose in screening of gestational diabetes. Objective: To determine the frequency of patients in whomfasting blood glucose and 100gm glucose tolerance show agreement for screening of gestational diabetes mellitus at 24 -28 wks. Studydesign: Comparative cross sectional study. Settings: The study was conducted at Gynecology and Obstetrics department Shaikh ZayedFederal Post Graduate Institute Lahore. Duration of study with dates: 6 months from 12Nov 2010 to 11 May 2011. Material and method: Thestudy included 135 booked patients with positive family history of diabetes mellitus. All patients underwent fasting blood glucose at 24-28 weeksof gestation, regardless of results of fasting blood glucose on next visit they underwent 100g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The agreementbetween fasting blood glucose and 100g oral glucose tolerance test was calculated in frequency and percentages. Results: The mean age ofwomen in studied population was 27.15±3.70.Out of 135 patients 86.7 %( 117) showed agreement between results of fasting blood glucose and100g OGTT while 13.31 %( 18) showed no agreement between both of the tests. Conclusions: Fasting blood glucose is a good screeningoption for gestational diabetes mellitus along with positive history. It provides a simple, cheap and more practical test for screening of gestationaldiabetes mellitus. However diagnostic confirmation with 100g OGTT should be done.

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