scholarly journals Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of Piezoelectric Bimorph Transducer for Broadband Vibration Energy Harvesting

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Chen ◽  
Vishwas Bedekar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Bimorph ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Compliance Matrix ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Modeling Simulation ◽  
Length Width

We demonstrate the detailed analysis for conversion of piezoelectric properties into compliance matrix and simulate a series bimorph configuration for vibration based energy generation. Commercially available software COMSOL Multiphysics was used to apply boundary conditions for optimization of geometric parameters such as length, width and thickness of piezoelectric layer to study voltage and power characteristics of the harvester. The resulting energy harvester was found to generate 1.73 mW at 53.4 Hz across a 3MW load with an energy density of 13.08mJ/cm3. We also investigated feasibility of this model by comparing it with existing experimental data of known piezoelectric ceramic compositions and found good correlation between the two.

Modelling of Mechanical Nonlinearity in an Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester Using a Forced Duffing Equation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Moss ◽  
L. A. Vandewater ◽  
S. C. Galea
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Duffing Oscillator ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Homotopy Analysis ◽  
Wire Coil

This work reports on the modelling and experimental validation of a bi-axial vibration energy harvesting approach that uses a permanent-magnet/ball-bearing arrangement and a wire-coil transducer. The harvester’s behaviour is modelled using a forced Duffing oscillator, and the primary first order steady state resonant solutions are found using the homotopy analysis method (or HAM). Solutions found are shown to compare well with measured bearing displacements and harvested output power, and are used to predict the wideband frequency response of this type of vibration energy harvester. A prototype harvesting arrangement produced a maximum output power of 12.9 mW from a 12 Hz, 500 milli-g (or 4.9 m/s2) rms excitation.

scholarly journals FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION OF MEMS PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY SCAVENGER BASED ON PZT THIN FILM

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Aliza Aini Md Ralib ◽  
Nur Wafa Asyiqin Zulfakher ◽  
Rosminazuin Ab Rahim ◽  
Nor Farahidah Za'bah ◽  
Noor Hazrin Hany Mohamad Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
The World

Vibration energy harvesting has been progressively developed in the advancement of technology and widely used by a lot of researchers around the world. There is a very high demand for energy scavenging around the world due to it being cheaper in price, possibly miniaturized within a system, long lasting, and environmentally friendly. The conventional battery is hazardous to the environment and has a shorter operating lifespan. Therefore, ambient vibration energy serves as an alternative that can replace the battery because it can be integrated and compatible to micro-electromechanical systems. This paper presents the design and analysis of a MEMS piezoelectric energy harvester, which is a vibration energy harvesting type. The energy harvester was formed using Lead Zicronate Titanate (PZT-5A) as the piezoelectric thin film, silicon as the substrate layer and structural steel as the electrode layer. The resonance frequency will provide the maximum output power, maximum output voltage and maximum displacement of vibration. The operating mode also plays an important role to generate larger output voltage with less displacement of cantilever. Some designs also have been studied by varying height and length of piezoelectric materials. Hence, this project will demonstrate the simulation of a MEMS piezoelectric device for a low power electronic performance. Simulation results show PZT-5A piezoelectric energy with a length of 31 mm and height of 0.16 mm generates maximum output voltage of 7.435 V and maximum output power of 2.30 mW at the resonance frequency of 40 Hz. ABSTRAK: Penuaian tenaga getaran telah berkembang secara pesat dalam kemajuan teknologi dan telah digunakan secara meluas oleh ramai penyelidik di seluruh dunia. Terdapat permintaan yang sangat tinggi di seluruh dunia terhadap penuaian tenaga kerana harganya yang lebih murah, bersaiz kecil dalam satu sistem, tahan lama dan mesra alam. Manakala, bateri konvensional adalah berbahaya bagi alam sekitar dan mempunyai jangka hayat yang lebih pendek. Oleh itu, getaran tenaga dari persekitaran lebih sesuai sebagai alternatif kepada bateri kerana ia mudah diintegrasikan dan serasi dengan sistem mikroelektromekanikal. Kertas kerja ini  membentangkan reka bentuk dan analisis tenaga piezoelektrik MEMS iaitu salah satu jenis penuaian tenaga getaran. Penuai tenaga ini dibentuk menggunakan Lead Zicronate Titanate (PZT-5A) sebagai lapisan filem tipis piezoelektrik, silikon sebagai lapisan substrat dan keluli struktur sebagai lapisan elektrod. Frekuensi resonans akan memberikan hasil tenaga maksima, voltan tenaga maksima dan getaran jarak maksima. Mod pengendalian juga memainkan peranan penting bagi menghasilkan tenaga yang lebih besar. Reka bentuk yang mempunyai ketinggian dan panjang berlainan juga telah diuji dengan menggunakan bahan piezoelektrik yang sama. Oleh itu, projek ini akan menghasilkan simulasi piezoelektrik MEMS yang sesuai digunakan bagi alat elektronik berkuasa rendah. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan dengan panjang 31 mm dan ketinggian 0.16 mm, piezoelektrik PZT ini menghasilkan voltan maksima sebanyak 7.435 V dan tenaga output maksima 2.30 mW pada frekuensi resonans 40 Hz.

An enhanced performance of a horizontal diamagnetic levitation mechanism–based vibration energy harvester for low frequency applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Vikram Palagummi ◽  
Fuh-Gwo Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Diamagnetic Levitation

This article identifies and studies key parameters that characterize a horizontal diamagnetic levitation mechanism–based low frequency vibration energy harvester with the aim of enhancing performance metrics such as efficiency and volume figure of merit. The horizontal diamagnetic levitation mechanism comprises three permanent magnets and two diamagnetic plates. Two of the magnets, lifting magnets, are placed co-axially at a distance such that each attracts a centrally located magnet, floating magnet, to balance its weight. This floating magnet is flanked closely by two diamagnetic plates which stabilize the levitation in the axial direction. The influence of the geometry of the floating magnet, the lifting magnet, and the diamagnetic plate is parametrically studied to quantify their effects on the size, stability of the levitation mechanism, and the resonant frequency of the floating magnet. For vibration energy harvesting using the horizontal diamagnetic levitation mechanism, a coil geometry and eddy current damping are critically discussed. Based on the analysis, an efficient experimental system is setup which showed a softening frequency response with an average system efficiency of 25.8% and a volume figure of merit of 0.23% when excited at a root mean square acceleration of 0.0546 m/s2 and at a frequency of 1.9 Hz.

Multi-Modal Vibration Energy Harvesting Using a Trapezoidal Plate

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa H. Arafa
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Trapezoidal Plate ◽  
Plate Geometry ◽  
Modal Vibration

Vibration-based energy harvesters are usually designed to exhibit natural frequencies that match those of the excitation for maximum power output. This has spurred interest into the design of devices that respond to variable frequency sources. In this work, an electromagnetic energy harvester in the form of a base excited trapezoidal plate is proposed. The plate geometry is designed to achieve two closely spaced vibration modes in order to harvest energy across a broader bandwidth. The ensuing bending and twisting vibrations are utilized in this capacity by placing a magnet on the plate tip that moves past a stationary coil. A dynamic model is presented to predict the system performance and is verified experimentally.

Energy Harvesting Performance of Vertically Staggered Rectangle-Through-Holes Cantilever in Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Gao ◽  
Hongrui Ao ◽  
Hongyuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Cantilevered Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Abstract Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technology has attracted significant attention for its applications in integrated circuits, microelectronic devices, and wireless sensors due to high power density, easy integration, simple configuration, and other outstanding features. Among piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting structures, the cantilevered beam is one of the simplest and most commonly used structures. In this work, a vertically staggered rectangle-through-holes (VS-RTH) cantilevered model is proposed, which focuses on the multi-directional vibration collection. To verify the output performance of the device, this paper employs basic materials and fabrication methods with mathematical modeling. The simulations are conducted through finite element methods to discuss the properties of VS-RTH energy harvester on resonant frequency and output characteristics. Besides, an energy storage circuit is adopted as a collection system. It can achieve a maximum voltage of 4.5 V which is responded to the harmonic vibrating input of 1 N force and 1 m/s2 in a single vibrating direction. Moreover, the power density is 2.596 W/cm3 with a 100 kΩ resistor. It is almost four times better than the output of unidirectional cantilever beam with similar resonant frequency and volume. According to the more functionality in the applications, VS-RTH energy harvester can be used in general vibration acquisition of machines and vehicles. Except for electricity storage, the harvester can potentially employ as a sensor to monitor the diversified physical signals for smooth operation and emergence reports. Looking forward, the VS-RTH harvester renders an effective approach toward decomposing the vibration directions in the environment for further complicating vibration applications.

Displacement Amplification Using a Compliant Mechanism for Vibration Energy Harvesting

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Elsisy ◽  
Yasser Anis ◽  
Mustafa Arafa ◽  
Chahinaz Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Flexure Hinges ◽  
Rigid Body Model ◽  
The Right

In this paper, we introduce a symmetric five-bar compliant mechanism for the displacement amplification of mechanical vibration. When the proposed mechanism is connected to an energy harvester, input excitation vibrations to the mechanism are amplified, which leads to an increase in harvested power. The mechanism is composed of both rigid links and flexure hinges, which enable deflection. The flexure hinges we use are either of the right-circular, or the corner-filleted types. The mechanism is analyzed using a pseudo-rigid-body-model, where flexure hinges are substituted with rotational springs. We developed an analytical model of the displacement amplification, which was validated both experimentally and numerically using a finite element model. Our model reveals that the displacement amplification is a function in design parameters, such as the geometry of the mechanism, the flexure hinges stiffness, in addition to the load caused by the harvester. The effects of the flexure hinge dimensions on the flexure hinges stiffness, and thus on displacement amplification were investigated. Preliminary experiments indicate the success of our proposed mechanism in amplifying small excitation harmonic inputs and generation of power.

Non-Linear Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesting From a Vertical Cantilever Beam With Tip Mass

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Bilgen ◽  
S. Faruque Ali ◽  
Michael I. Friswell ◽  
Grzegorz Litak ◽  
Marc de Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Harmonic Component ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Base Excitation ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Potential Wells ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Cantilevered Beam ◽  
Tip Mass

An inverted cantilevered beam vibration energy harvester with a tip mass is evaluated for its electromechanical efficiency and power output capacity in the presence of pure harmonic, pure random and various combinations of harmonic and random base excitation cases. The energy harvester employs a composite piezoelectric material device that is bonded near the root of the beam. The tip mass is used to introduce non-linearity to the system by inducing buckling in some configurations and avoiding it in others. The system dynamics include multiple solutions and jumps between the potential wells, and these are exploited in the harvesting device. This configuration exploits the non-linear properties of the system using base excitation in conjunction with the tip mass at the end of the beam. Such nonlinear device has the potential to work well when the input excitation does not have a dominant harmonic component at a fixed frequency. The paper presents an extensive experimental analysis, results and interesting conclusions derived directly from the experiments supported by numerical simulations.

A Horizontal Diamagnetic Levitation Based Low Frequency Vibration Energy Harvester

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Palagummi ◽  
J. Zou ◽  
F. G. Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Graphite Plate ◽  
Diamagnetic Levitation ◽  
Coil Geometry

This paper investigates a horizontal diamagnetic levitation (HDL) system for vibration energy harvesting in contrast to the vertical diamagnetic levitation (VDL) system recently proposed by Wang et al. (2013, “A Magnetically Levitated Vibration Energy Harvester,” Smart Mater. Struct., 22(5), p. 055016). In this configuration, two large magnets, alias lifting magnets (LMs), are arranged co-axially at a distance such that in between them a magnet, alias floating magnet (FM), is passively levitated at a laterally offset equilibrium position. The levitation is stabilized in the horizontal direction by two diamagnetic plates (DPs) made of pyrolytic graphite placed on each side of the FM. This HDL configuration mitigates the limitation on the amplitude of the FM imposed in the VDL configuration and exploits the ability to tailor the geometry to meet specific applications due to its frequency tuning capability. A simple circular coil geometry is designed to replace a portion of the pyrolytic graphite plate without sacrificing the stability of the levitation for transduction. An experimental setup exhibits a weak softening frequency response and validates the theoretical findings; at an input root mean square (RMS) acceleration of 0.0434 m/s2 and at a resonant frequency of 1.2 Hz, the prototype generated a RMS power of 3.6 μW with an average system efficiency of 1.93%.

Modeling and Optimization of Planar Electret-Based Electrostatic Energy Harvester

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. E. Mahmoud ◽  
E. F. El-Saadany ◽  
R. R. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Average Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrostatic Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Simulation Results

Development of a planar electret based electrostatic micro-generator for vibration energy harvesting is presented. The new harvester has the advantage of possible low cost fabrication and low power losses operation. Moreover, the new harvester uses a slabbed periodic structure allowing the decoupling between the energy conversion cycle and the vibration source frequency. In this paper, the details of this implementation are revealed. Modeling equations of the resulting structure are illustrated and solved numerically. Simulation results are given showing more than 78% improvement in the average output power of the optimized structure compared to previous implementation.

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